Patient Care in Imaging Technology (Basic Medical Techniques and Patient Care in Imaging Technol)

Description

Patient Care in Imaging Technology, Seventh Edition prepares individuals to be safe, effective practitioners in every aspect of patient care. The subjects of professional ethics and the legal aspects of radiologic technology are addressed to enhance the understanding of the radiographer's obligation to their profession and to the law. This new edition includes the latest techniques used in imaging and meets the current requirements of The American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT) and The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT). Cover Patient Care in Imaging Technology ISBN: 9780781771832 Title Page Copyright Dedication Preface HIGHLIGHTS OF THE SEVENTH EDITION User’s Guide CHAPTER OPENING ELEMENTS SPECIAL FEATURES CHAPTER CLOSING ELEMENTS ADDITIONAL LEARNING RESOURCES Acknowledgements Brief Contents Expanded Table of Contents CHAPTER 1: Professional Issues in Imaging STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES KEY TERMS THE CRITERIA FOR A PROFESSION PRACTICE STANDARDS AND PROFESSIONAL GROWTH IN RADIOGRAPHY PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY THE HEALTH CARE TEAM PROFESSIONAL ETHICS Ethical Principles Ethical Issues in Radiography LEGAL ISSUES IN IMAGING TECHNOLOGY Patient Rights Patient Responsibilities Legal Concerns Use of Immobilization Techniques Incident Reports Patient Safety Reporting Good Samaritan Laws Informed Consent Malpractice Insurance MEDICAL RECORDS AND DOCUMENTATION CONFIDENTIALITY, PRIVACY, THE HEALTH INSURANCE PORTABILITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY ACT IN RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SUMMARY CHAPTER 1 TEST CHAPTER 2: Patient Assessment and Communication in Imaging STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES KEY TERMS HEALTH-ILLNESS CONTINUUM CRITICAL THINKING Modes of Thinking PROBLEM SOLVING AND PATIENT ASSESSMENT Data Collection Data Analysis Planning and Implementation Evaluation CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN PATIENT CARE PATIENT EXPECTATIONS COMMUNICATION Self-Concept and Self-Esteem Nonverbal Communication Cultural Diversity in Communication Gender Factors Other Factors That Affect Communication Feedback Developing Harmonious Working Relationships Blocks to Therapeutic Communication Obtaining a Patient History PATIENT EDUCATION Establishing a Plan for Patient Teaching LOSS AND GRIEF PATIENT RIGHTS RELATED TO END-OF-LIFE ISSUES SUMMARY CHAPTER 2 TEST CHAPTER 3: Patient Care and Safety STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES KEY TERMS CARE OF PATIENT’S BELONGINGS BODY MECHANICS MOVING AND TRANSFERRING PATIENTS Assessing the Patient’s Mobility Methods of Moving Patients USE OF IMMOBILIZERS POSITIONING THE PATIENT FOR DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING EXAMINATIONS ASSISTING THE PATIENT TO DRESS AND UNDRESS THE DISABLED PATIENT THE PATIENT WITH AN INTRAVENOUS INFUSION SKIN CARE Preventing Decubitus Ulcers CAST CARE AND TRACTION ASSISTING THE PATIENT WITH A BEDPAN OR URINAL The Bedpan The Male Urinal DEPARTMENTAL SAFETY Fire Safety Prevention of Falls Poisoning and Disposition of Hazardous Waste Materials Radiation Safety SUMMARY CHAPTER 3 TEST CHAPTER 4: Infection Control STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES KEY TERMS NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS Factors That Increase the Patient’s Potential for Nosocomial Infection MICROORGANISMS Bacteria Fungi Parasites Viruses ELEMENTS NEEDED TO TRANSMIT INFECTION THE BODY’S DEFENSE AGAINST DISEASE THE IMMUNE SYSTEM THE PROCESS OF INFECTION Hereditary Diseases Immune Deficiency INFECTIOUS DISEASES Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Viral Hepatitis Tuberculosis Nosocomial Infections Related to Specific Microorganisms AGENCIES CONTROLLING INSTITUTIONAL, PATIENT, AND WORKPLACE SAFETY INFECTION CONTROL PRACTICES IN HEALTH CARE SETTINGS Dress in the Workplace Hair Hand Hygiene STANDARD PRECAUTIONS (TIER 1) Additional Infection Control Considerations Eye Protection Gloves Cleaning and Proper Waste Disposal Disinfection TRANSMISSION-BASED PRECAUTIONS (TIER 2) Airborne Isolation Droplet Isolation Contact Isolation Expanded Precautions Infection Control in the Newborn and Intensive Care Nurseries Transferring the Patient with a Communicable Disease SUMMARY CHAPTER 4 TEST CHAPTER 5: Surgical Asepsis and the Radiographer STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES KEY TERMS ENVIRONMENT AND SURGICAL ASEPSIS THE SURGICAL TEAM METHODS OF STERILIZATION AND DISINFECTION METHODS OF STERILIZATION RULES FOR SURGICAL ASEPSIS Opening Sterile Packs THE SURGICAL SCRUB STERILE GOWNING AND GLOVING RADIOGRAPHY IN THE OPERATING ROOM AND SPECIAL PROCEDURE AREA DRAPING FOR A STERILE PROCEDURE Skin Preparation for Sterile Procedures Removing and Re-applying Dressings SUMMARY CHAPTER 5 TEST CHAPTER 6: Vital Signs and Oxygen Administration STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES KEY TERMS MEASURING VITAL SIGNS BODY TEMPERATURE Measuring Body Temperature PULSE RESPIRATION Assessment of Respiration BLOOD PRESSURE Equipment Needed to Measure Blood Pressure Measuring Blood Pressure OXYGEN THERAPY Pulse Oximetry Hazards of Oxygen Administration Oxygen Delivery Systems Other Oxygen Delivery Systems RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATIONS OF THE CHEST SUMMARY CHAPTER 6 TEST CHAPTER 7: Basic Electrocardiogram Monitoring STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES KEY TERMS A REVIEW OF CARDIAC ANATOMY THE CARDIAC CONDUCTION SYSTEM ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY OF THE CARDIAC CYCLE LEAD PLACEMENT RADIOGRAPHER’S RESPONSIBILITIES DURING ECG MONITORING POTENTIALLY OMINOUS ECG DYSRHYTHMIAS DRUGS FREQUENTLY USED FOR CARDIAC EMERGENCIES ECG ARTIFACTS SUMMARY CHAPTER 7 TEST CHAPTER 8: Medical Emergencies STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES KEY TERMS ASSESSMENT OF LEVELS OF NEUROLOGIC AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING SHOCK The Shock Continuum Cardiogenic Shock Distributive Shock Obstructive Shock PULMONARY EMBOLUS DIABETIC EMERGENCIES Acute Complications of Diabetes Mellitus CEREBRAL VASCULAR ACCIDENT (STROKE) CARDIAC AND RESPIRATORY EMERGENCIES Cardiac Arrest Respiratory Dysfunction Respiratory Arrest Defibrillation AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION Abdominal Thrust: Patient Standing or Sitting Abdominal Thrust: Patient in Supine Position Chest Thrust: Patient Sitting or Standing Chest Thrust: Patient Pregnant or Excessively Obese or Unconscious SEIZURES Generalized Seizures Partial Seizures: Complex and Simple SYNCOPE THE RADIOGRAPHER’S RESPONSE TO THE PATIENT IN PAIN THE AGITATED OR CONFUSED PATIENT THE INTOXICATED PATIENT SUMMARY CHAPTER 8 TEST CHAPTER 9: Trauma and Mobile Radiographic Considerations STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES KEY TERMS TRAUMATIC INJURIES General Guidelines Basic Rules for Trauma Radiography THE PATIENT WITH A HEAD INJURY THE PATIENT WITH A FACIAL INJURY THE PATIENT WITH A SPINAL CORD INJURY IMAGING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE MOBILE OR TRAUMA PATIENT THE PATIENT WITH A FRACTURE THE PATIENT WITH ABDOMINAL TRAUMA OR ACUTE ABDOMINAL DISTRESS THE PATIENT AT HOME SUMMARY CHAPTER 9 TEST CHAPTER 10: Pediatric Radiographic Considerations STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES KEY TERMS THE PEDIATRIC PATIENT The High-Risk Newborn Infant The Adolescent or Older Child TRANSPORTING INFANTS AND CHILDREN IMMOBILIZATION AND THE ANXIOUS CHILD Sheet Immobilizers Mummy-Style Sheet Wrap Immobilizer Commercial Immobilizers and Other Positioning Aids CHILD ABUSE ADMINISTERING MEDICATION TO THE PEDIATRIC PATIENT IN RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGING CATHETERIZATION OF PEDIATRIC PATIENTS SUMMARY CHAPTER 10 TEST CHAPTER 11: Geriatric Radiographic Considerations STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES KEY TERMS THE GERIATRIC PATIENT CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH AGING Integumentary System Changes in the Head and Neck Pulmonary System The Cardiovascular System The Gastrointestinal System The Hepatic System The Genitourinary System Musculoskeletal System The Patient Who Has Had Arthroplastic Surgery The Neurologic System CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS AND AGING ELDER ABUSE SUMMARY CHAPTER 11 TEST CHAPTER 12: Patient Care during Urologic Radiographic Procedures STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES KEY TERMS PREPARATION FOR CATHETERIZATION Female Catheterization Male Catheterization REMOVING AN INDWELLING CATHETER PEDIATRIC CATHETERIZATION CATHETER CARE IN THE RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGING DEPARTMENT Alternative Methods of Urinary Drainage CYSTOGRAPHY Patient Education before Cystography Patient Care during Cystography Patient Care following Cystography RETROGRADE PYELOGRAPHY Patient Education and Preparation The Procedure Ureteral Stents SUMMARY CHAPTER 12 TEST CHAPTER 13: Patient Care during Gastrointestinal Radiographic Procedures STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES KEY TERMS TYPES OF CONTRAST MEDIA Negative Agents Positive Agents Barium Sulfate SCHEDULING DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING EXAMINATIONS PATIENT PREPARATION FOR STUDIES OF THE LOWER GI TRACT Cleansing Enemas LOWER GI TRACT STUDIES Placing an Enema Tip PATIENT CARE CONSIDERATIONS DURING LOWER GI TRACT STUDIES Patient Care Instructions after Studies of the Lower GI Tract THE PATIENT WITH AN INTESTINAL STOMA Administering a Barium Enema to an Ostomy Patient STUDIES OF THE UPPER GI TRACT AND SMALL BOWEL Instructions after Barium Studies of the Upper GI Tract SUMMARY CHAPTER 13 TEST CHAPTER 14: Caring for Patients Needing Alternative Medical Treatments STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES KEY TERMS NASOGASTRIC AND NASOENTERIC TUBES Passage of Nasogastric and Nasoenteric Tubes Nasoenteric Feeding Tubes Removing Gastric Tubes Transferring Patients with Nasogastric Suction THE PATIENT WITH A GASTROSTOMY TUBE THE PATIENT WITH A CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETER EMERGENCY SUCTIONING THE PATIENT WITH A TRACHEOSTOMY THE PATIENT ON A MECHANICAL VENTILATOR Endotracheal Tubes THE PATIENT WITH A CHEST TUBE AND WATER-SEALED DRAINAGE TISSUE DRAINS SUMMARY CHAPTER 14 TEST CHAPTER 15: Pharmacology for the Radiographer STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES KEY TERMS DRUG STANDARDS AND CONTROL DRUG CONTROL DRUG SOURCES, NAMES, AND ACTIONS THE ACTION OF DRUGS WITHIN THE BODY PHARMACOKINETICS First-Pass Effect Distribution Metabolism Excretion PHARMACODYNAMICS ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS DRUG INTERACTIONS EMERGENCY DRUG USE FACTORS ALTERING DRUG RESPONSE DRUG CLASSIFICATION CLASSIFICATION OF CONTRAST AGENTS Selecting a Contrast Agent Ionic and Nonionic Contrast Agents Patient Reactions to Contrast Agents and Radiographer’s Response UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS IN DRUG ADMINISTRATION ABBREVIATIONS RELATED TO DRUG ADMINISTRATION THE MEDICATION ORDER AND DOCUMENTATION MEDICATION ERRORS METHODS OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION Enteral Routes Topical Routes Parenteral Drug Administration EQUIPMENT FOR DRUG ADMINISTRATION Packaging of Parenteral Medications Intradermal Administration Peripheral Intravenous Drug Administration CARE OF THE PATIENT WITH AN INTRAVENOUS INFUSION IN PLACE Discontinuing Intravenous Infusions SUMMARY CHAPTER 15 TEST CHAPTER 16: Care of Patients during Special Procedures STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES KEY TERMS CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION AND CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY, ARTERIOGRAPHY, AND NONSURGICAL INTERVENTIONS Arteriography Patient Care before and during Cardiac Catheterization, Angiography, or Arteriography Patient Care and Teaching after Cardiac Catheterization, Angiography, and Arteriography COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCAN Patient Care and Instruction before Computed Tomography Computed Tomography of the Body Patient Care after Computed Tomography ULTRASONOGRAPHY Patient Care for Ultrasonography MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING Patient Care and Education for MRI Patient Care after MRI POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY Patient Care for PET NUCLEAR MEDICINE IMAGING Bone Scan Radiation Therapy Patient Care for Radiation Therapy PROTON THERAPY Patient Preparation for Proton Therapy MAMMOGRAPHY ARTHROGRAPHY LITHOTRIPSY MYELOGRAPHY Patient Care and Education Preceding Myelography Intrathecal Drug Administration Patient Care and Education After Myelography BONE DENSITY SCAN (DEXA) Patient Care and Education Preceding A Bone Density Scan SUMMARY CHAPTER 16 TEST References Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 16 Index