Forensic Genetics In The Governance Of Crime

Description

This open access book uses a critical sociological perspective to explore contemporary ways of reformulating the governance of crime through genetics. Through the lens of scientific knowledge and genetic technology, Machado and Granja offer a unique perspective on current trends in crime governance. They explore the place and role of genetics in criminal justice systems, and show how classical and contemporary social theory can help address challenges posed by social processes and interactions generated by the uses, meanings, and expectations attributed to genetics in the governance of crime. Cutting-edge methods and research techniques are also integrated to address crucial aspects of this social reality. Finally, the authors examine new challenges emerging from recent paradigm shifts within forensic genetics, moving away from the construction of evidence as presented in court to the production of intelligence guiding criminal investigations. Acknowledgements......Page 5 Contents......Page 6 List of Tables......Page 7 The Role of Genetics in Crime Governance......Page 8 Book Overview......Page 11 References......Page 15 Chapter 2: The Sociological Gaze......Page 20 Paradigms of Sociological Thought......Page 21 Inauguration of the Field of Study......Page 23 Relationship Between the Macro and Micro Level......Page 24 Continuum Between Subjective and Objective......Page 27 Consolidation of the Social Studies in Forensic Genetics......Page 29 Concluding Remarks......Page 32 References......Page 34 Chapter 3: Biological Explanations of Criminal Behaviour......Page 39 Biological Determinism: The Work of Cesare Lombroso......Page 40 Biogenetic Explanations of Criminal Behaviour......Page 41 Nature (Versus) Nurture......Page 43 Concluding Remarks......Page 46 References......Page 47 Chapter 4: DNA Technologies in Criminal Investigation and Courts......Page 51 DNA Technologies and Its Application in Criminal Investigation......Page 52 From the Crime Scene to the Laboratory and the Court......Page 54 The CSI Effect and the Associated Risks......Page 56 References......Page 58 Data Collection in the Information Society......Page 63 Ethical Questions Associated with the Use of Forensic DNA Databases......Page 65 The Panorama of Forensic Genetic Databases in European Countries......Page 67 Big Data in the Criminal Investigation......Page 70 References......Page 72 The Control of Irregular Mobility......Page 77 Background and Rationale of the Prüm Decisions......Page 79 Prüm Modus Operandi......Page 81 The Prüm Challenges......Page 82 Concluding Remarks......Page 85 References......Page 86 Chapter 7: Emerging DNA Technologies and Stigmatization......Page 91 Familial Searching in Forensic DNA Databases......Page 92 Long-Range Familial Searches in Recreational DNA Databases......Page 96 Forensic DNA Phenotyping......Page 100 Concluding Remarks......Page 104 References......Page 105 Book Summary......Page 111 Points for Reflection......Page 114 Tracing New Paths for the Future of Research......Page 116 References......Page 117 Glossary......Page 119