Essential Oils and Nanotechnology for Treatment of Microbial Diseases

Description

There has been emergence of multidrug resistance problem all over the world due to overuse or underuse of antibiotics. Most microbes including bacteria, fungi, protozoans and others have developed resistance to antibiotics, and therefore, this problem is now recognized to be of global concern. Ubiquitous occurrence of multidrug-resistant bacteria decreases effectiveness of current treatment, which results in thousands of deaths all over the world. Hence, investigations for new alternatives and novel strategies are urgently needed to address the problem of multidrug resistance. The antimicrobial potential of essential oils and metallic nanoparticles represent an effective solution for microbial resistance. Moreover, the use of essential oils in combination with metallic nanoparticles may exert synergistic antimicrobial effects and would be a novel approach. Essential oils (EOs) are volatile, natural, aromatic oily liquids that can be obtained from several parts of plants especially the aerial ones such as leaves and flowers. They are derived from complex metabolic pathways in order to protect plants from diverse pathogenic microorganisms. In fact, the bioactivity of EOs have been confirmed by several studies which have demonstrated their antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and antioxidant properties. Nanotechnology is one of the most important and emerging technologies, which has brought about a technological revolution in the world. It has enormous applications in the field of medicine. Nanoparticles are very important tools in curing different diseases in general and microbial diseases in particular due to their significantly novel and improved chemical, physical and biological properties and high surface area-to-volume ratio. Among these, metal nanoparticles are known to play pivotal role in various biomedical applications. In this context, nanoparticles such as silver have shown their potential and could emerge as the new generation of antimicrobials. Silver nanoparticles have broad-spectrum biological activities and hence are used in many biomedical applications. The various biomedical applications of silver nanoparticles include treatment of wounds, burns, in water-disinfecting systems, in nanobased bone implantations, in dentistry for the development of dental materials and as antibacterial, antivirals, anti-protozoals, anti-arthropods and anticancerous agents. Apart from silver, noble metal nanoparticles like gold and platinum and other nanoparticles copper, oxides of different metals, etc. have been also the materials of choice for many scientists for their biological applications. The book will be of interest to chemists, microbiologists, biotechnologist, food technologists, nanotechnologists, pharmacologists, clinicians and those interested in nature cure. Students will find this book useful and reader friendly. Content: ESSENTIAL OILS FOR TREATMENT OF DIFFERENT MICROBIALã DISEASESEssential Oils with Antimicrobial Properties Formulated in Lipid Nanoparticles - Review of the State of the ArtPatricia Severino, Flavia Resende Diniz Acioli, Juliana Cardoso Cordeiro, Maria do Ceu Teixeira, Antonello Santini, Andjelka B. Kovacevic and Eliana B. SoutoAntimicrobial Activities of Plant Essential Oils and their Components against Antibiotic-Susceptible and Antibiotic-Resistant Foodborne PathogensMendel FriedmanEssential Oils Constituted by Prop-1(2)-enylbenzene Derivatives Used for Treatment of Microbial InfectionsAmner Munoz-Acevedo, Maria del Carmen Gonzalez, Erika Amparo Torres, Martha Cervantes-Diaz and Elena E. StashenkoAntibacterial and Anti-biofilm Activities of Essential Oils and Their Components Including Modes of ActionJulio A. Zygadlo, Maria P. Zunino, Romina P. Pizzolitto, Carolina Merlo, Alejandra Omarini and Jose S. DambolenaRole of Essential Oils for the Cure of Human Pathogenic Fungal InfectionsMelina G. Di Liberto, Laura A. Svetaz, Maria V. Castelli, Mahendra Rai and Marcos G. DeritaEssential Oils against Microbial Resistance Mechanisms, Challenges and Applications in Drug Discovery Juan Bueno, Fatih Demirci and K. Husnu Can BaserEssential Oils and Nanoemulsions: Alternative Tool to Biofilm EradicationZ. Aumeeruddy-Elalfi and F. MahomoodallyNano-Ag Particles and Pathogenic Microorganisms: Antimicrobial Mechanism and Its ApplicationJiEun Yun and Dong Gun LeeNANOTECHNOLOGY FOR TREATMENT OF DIFFERENT MICROBIAL DISEASES Nanoparticles As Therapeutic Agent for Treatment of Bacterial InfectionsMahendra Rai, Raksha Pandit, Priti Paralikar, Sudhir Shende, Swapnil Gaikwad, Avinash Ingle and Indarchand GuptaAnti-Adhesion Coating with Natural Products: When the Nanotechnology Meet the Antimicrobial PreventionJuan BuenoNanotechnologies for the Delivery of Water-Insoluble DrugsOmar M. Najjar and Rabih TalhoukPotential of Oils in Development of Nanostructured Lipid CarriersAnisha A. D'Souza and Ranjita ShegokarEssential Oil-Based Nanomedicines Against TrypanosomatidesMaria Jose Morilla and Eder Lilia RomeroCombining Inorganic Antibacterial Nanophases and Essential Oils: Recent Findings and ProspectsMauro Pollini, Alessandro Sannino, Federica Paladini, Maria Chiara Sportelli, Rosaria Anna Picca, Nicola Cioffi, Giuseppe Fracchiolla and Antonio ValentiniANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY TESTINGAntimicrobial Activity Testing TechniquesEstefania Butassi, Marcela Raimondi, Agustina Postigo, Estefania Cordisco and Maximiliano Sortino