Isotopes of the Earth's Hydrosphere

Description

This book covers the distribution, hydrochemistry and geophysics of the naturally occurring stable isotopes namely: hydrogen, oxygen and radioactive tritium, carbon and other cosmogenic and radiogenic isotopes of the uranium-thorium series, in the oceans and in atmosphere, the earth's surface and ground water. The use of environmental isotopes in the three main areas of natural waters is discussed: origin, dynamics and residence time in natural reservoirs. The origin of the hydrosphere is examined in the light of isotopic, new cosmochemical and recent theoretical results. The book will be of interest to scientists and researchers who use environmental isotopes in solving scientific and practical problems in hydrology, hydrogeology, oceanography, meteorology, hydrogeochemistry and cosmochemistry. Lecturers, students and postgraduates in these fields will also find it useful. Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Introduction....Pages 1-8 Front Matter....Pages 9-9 Isotope Geochemistry of Natural Waters....Pages 11-47 Isotopic Composition of Ocean Water....Pages 49-65 Isotopic Composition of Atmospheric Moisture....Pages 67-94 Isotopic Composition of Surface Continental Waters....Pages 95-114 Isotopic Composition of Water in the Unsaturated and Saturated Zones....Pages 115-128 Isotopic Composition of Formation Waters....Pages 129-153 Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotopic Composition of Sedimentary Rocks of Marine Genesis and Implications for Paleothermometry....Pages 155-178 Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotopic Composition of Groundwater in Volcanic Regions....Pages 179-194 Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotopic Composition of Minerals of Magmatic and Metamorphic Rocks and Fluid Inclusions....Pages 195-204 Other Stable Isotopes in the Hydrosphere....Pages 205-212 Front Matter....Pages 213-213 Origin and Production of Cosmogenic Radioisotopes....Pages 215-226 Tritium in Natural Waters....Pages 227-299 Radiocarbon in Natural Waters....Pages 301-359 The Other Cosmogenic Isotopes in Natural Waters....Pages 361-373 Front Matter....Pages 374-374 Production and Distribution of Radiogenic Isotopes....Pages 377-405 Dating of Surface Water, Groundwater, and Sediments....Pages 407-423 Front Matter....Pages 424-424 Applications to the Problems of Dynamics of Natural Waters....Pages 427-490 Paleohydrology of the Aral-Caspian Basin....Pages 491-524 The Nature and Mechanism of the Earth Shell Separation and Origin of Hydrosphere....Pages 525-577 Back Matter....Pages 567-567