The Writer’s World: Sentences and Paragraphs

Description

For courses in Developmental English with students of varying skill levels, or those in need of additional writing practice prior to college-level writing. A highly visual, theme-based approach to writing that meets you where you are, and guides you to where you need to be. The Writer’s World series integrates essential elements that are simply not found in other writing books – a stimulating visual program, thoughtful coverage for nonnative speakers, and effective strategies that address the skill levels of all readers. Authors Lynne Gaetz and Suneeti Phadke draw upon their more than 30 years of combined teaching experience to reach as many readers as possible, by meeting their needs and addressing their individual interests and abilities. The authors’ innovative instruction seamlessly infuses material for both native and nonnative speakers, while their exercises and activities encourage active participation and collaboration. The engaging design, open layout, and dynamic images support visual learners and prompt critical thinking. Cover ......Page 1 Title Page ......Page 2 Copyright Page ......Page 3 Brief Contents ......Page 4 Contents ......Page 6 Preface......Page 10 PART I The Writing Process......Page 16 What Is Exploring?......Page 18 Purpose......Page 19 Exploring Strategies......Page 20 Journal and Portfolio Writing......Page 23 What Is Developing?......Page 26 Narrow the Topic......Page 28 The Topic Sentence......Page 29 The Supporting Ideas......Page 34 The Paragraph Plan......Page 40 The First Draft......Page 41 What Are Revising and Editing?......Page 43 Revise for Unity......Page 44 Revise for Adequate Support......Page 46 Revise for Coherence......Page 48 Revise for Style......Page 50 Edit for Errors......Page 51 The Final Draft......Page 54 What Are Paragraph Patterns?......Page 56 A) The Illustration Paragraph......Page 57 B) The Narration Paragraph......Page 61 C) The Description Paragraph......Page 65 D) The Process Paragraph......Page 70 E) The Definition Paragraph......Page 74 F) The Comparison and Contrast Paragraph......Page 78 G) The Cause and Effect Paragraph......Page 83 H) The Classification Paragraph......Page 88 I) The Argument Paragraph......Page 93 Exploring the Essay......Page 99 Explore Topics......Page 102 The Thesis Statement......Page 103 The Supporting Ideas......Page 105 The Essay Plan......Page 106 The Introduction......Page 108 The Conclusion......Page 109 The First Draft......Page 110 The Final Draft......Page 111 PART II The Editing Handbook......Page 114 6 Nouns, Determiners, and Prepositions......Page 116 Nouns......Page 117 Count Nouns and Noncount Nouns......Page 121 Determiners......Page 122 Prepositions......Page 126 Pronoun–Antecedent Agreement......Page 132 Indefinite Pronouns......Page 134 Vague Pronouns......Page 136 Pronoun Shifts......Page 137 Pronoun Case......Page 139 Problems with Possessive Pronouns......Page 140 Relative Pronouns......Page 144 Reflexive Pronouns (-self, -selves)......Page 146 8 Identifying Subjects and Verbs in Simple Sentences......Page 150 Identifying Subjects......Page 151 Identifying Prepositional Phrases......Page 154 Identifying Verbs......Page 155 9 Present and Past Tenses......Page 161 The Simple Present Tense......Page 162 The Simple Past Tense......Page 168 Avoiding Double Negatives......Page 175 Past Participles......Page 179 The Present Perfect Tense: Have/Has + Past Participle......Page 184 The Past Perfect Tense: Had + Past Participle......Page 187 The Past Participle as an Adjective......Page 189 The Passive Voice: Be + Past Participle......Page 190 11 Progressive Tenses......Page 196 Present Progressive......Page 197 Past Progressive......Page 199 Using Complete Verbs......Page 201 Other Progressive Forms......Page 202 12 Other Verb Forms......Page 205 Modals......Page 206 Nonstandard Forms: Gonna, Gotta, Wanna......Page 209 Conditional Forms......Page 211 Gerunds and Infinitives......Page 214 13 Subject–Verb Agreement......Page 219 Basic Subject–Verb Agreement Rules......Page 220 Verb Before the Subject......Page 224 More Than One Subject......Page 225 Special Subject Forms......Page 226 Interrupting Words and Phrases......Page 228 Consistent Verb Tense......Page 233 Comparing Simple and Compound Sentences......Page 239 Combining Sentences Using Coordinating Conjunctions......Page 240 Combining Sentences Using Semicolons......Page 244 Combining Sentences Using Transitional Expressions......Page 245 Understanding Complex Sentences......Page 250 Using Subordinating Conjunctions......Page 252 Using Relative Pronouns......Page 255 Combining Questions......Page 257 Vary the Opening Words......Page 262 Vary the Length and Structure of Sentences......Page 264 Identifying Fragments......Page 268 Phrase Fragments......Page 269 Explanatory Fragments......Page 270 Dependent-Clause Fragments......Page 272 19 Run-Ons......Page 277 Identifying and Correcting Run-Ons......Page 278 20 Faulty Parallel Structure......Page 284 Identifying Parallel Structure......Page 285 Correcting Faulty Parallel Structure......Page 286 21 Adjectives and Adverbs......Page 293 Adjectives......Page 294 Adverbs......Page 298 Comparative and Superlative Forms......Page 301 22 Mistakes with Modifiers......Page 309 Misplaced Modifiers......Page 310 Dangling Modifiers......Page 314 23 Exact Language......Page 320 Using a Dictionary and Thesaurus......Page 321 Using Specific Vocabulary......Page 323 Avoiding Clichés......Page 325 Slang versus Standard English......Page 326 24 Spelling......Page 329 Writing ie or ei......Page 330 Adding Prefixes and Suffixes......Page 331 Writing Two-Part Words......Page 336 120 Commonly Misspelled Words......Page 337 25 Commonly Confused Words......Page 342 Commonly Confused Words......Page 343 Understanding Commas......Page 352 Commas in a Series......Page 353 Commas After Introductory Words and Phrases......Page 354 Commas Around Interrupting Words and Phrases......Page 355 Commas in Compound Sentences......Page 357 Commas in Complex Sentences......Page 358 Commas in Business Letters......Page 361 Understanding Apostrophes......Page 365 Using Apostrophes in Contractions......Page 366 Using Apostrophes to Show Ownership......Page 369 Using Apostrophes in Expressions of Time......Page 371 28 Quotation Marks and Capitalization......Page 375 Quotation Marks......Page 376 Capitalization......Page 381 Titles......Page 383 29 Editing Practice......Page 387 PART III Reading Strategies and Selections......Page 394 Reading Strategies......Page 396 “Fish Cheeks” by Amy Tan......Page 399 “Your World’s a Stage” by Josh Freed......Page 401 “An Immigrant’s Summer of Firsts” by Margarita Gokun Silver......Page 403 “Celanthropists” by Katrina Onstad......Page 406 “A Cultural Minefield” by William Ecenbarger......Page 410 “Fads” by David A. Locher......Page 413 “Shopping for Religion” by Ellen Goodman......Page 415 “The Cat Bin Lady” by Matthew Fraser......Page 418 “The Smell of Hope” by Al Andrews......Page 422 “Stargazing” by Bill Bryson......Page 424 “Saving Animals” by Tom Spears......Page 426 “Is It Love or a Trick?” by Jon Katz......Page 428 “How to Beat Work Stress” by Stephanie Goddard......Page 432 “The Allure of Apple” by Juan Rodriguez......Page 434 “How to Remember Names” by Roger Seip......Page 437 “The Psychology of Price” by Terry O’Reilly......Page 439 “Don’t Be a Work Hero” by Jim Braude......Page 442 Appendix 1 Grammar......Page 446 Appendix 2 Verb Tenses......Page 448 Appendix 3 Combining Ideas in Sentences......Page 449 Appendix 4 Punctuation and Mechanics......Page 450 Appendix 5 Spelling, Grammar, and Vocabulary Logs......Page 453 Credits......Page 457 Index......Page 459