Hypnotic Relaxation Therapy: Principles and Applications

Description

This book introduces a new, evidence-based model of hypnotherapy called "hypnotic relaxation therapy" (HRT). Easily integrated with other therapeutic models or used alone, HRT has been proven effective in a wide variety of applications including pain management, anxiety reduction, smoking cessation, insomnia treatment, and treatment of post-menopausal symptoms. This new model advances the field of hypnotherapy by making relaxation an explicit part of hypnotherapy and measuring individual differences in hypnotizabillity with the introduction of a new measurement instrument, the Elkins Hypnotizability Scale (EHS). Additionally, it is the first book to integrate Cognitive-Experiential Self Theory with HRT. Dr. Elkins is a highly esteemed leader in clinical hypnosis. He has served as President of the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis, President of the American Board of Psychological Hypnosis, Vice-Chair of the Council of Representatives of the International Society of Hypnosis, and Chair of the Fellows Committee of the Society for Psychological Hypnosis of the APA. His book provides clinicians with the guiding principles of HRT as well as the empirical research underlying it. Dr. Elkins offers a session-by-session approach to HRT that covers the process for structuring sessions, treatment planning, and dealing with resistance, and explicates detailed applications of HRT. Guidelines for formulating hypnotic suggestions are described, as is HRT as a proven effective source of intervention for hot flashes in menopausal women. The book explains how to integrate HRT with other modalities and discusses the ethical considerations of HRT. Additionally, the book introduces the Elkins Hypnotizability Scale for clinical assessment of hypnotizability that is currently being used in NIH-funded research at Baylor University and the Mayo Clinic. Case examples and sample transcripts are incorporated throughout the book, which also includes a sample brochure for patients. Key Features: Introduces a new, evidence-based conceptualization of hypnotherapy Presents a new, well-validated, easy-to-use scale for measuring hynotizability Includes plentiful case examples and sample transcripts of hypnotic relaxation interventions Explains how to integrate HRT with other modalities Written by a renowned leader in the field of hypnosis Cover......Page 1 Title......Page 4 Copyright......Page 5 Contents......Page 8 Foreword......Page 10 Preface......Page 14 How to Use this Book......Page 15 Acknowledgments......Page 18 Mesmerism......Page 20 Early Historical Events in the Development of Hypnotic interventions......Page 21 Rise of the Scientific Study of Hypnosis......Page 22 Integration of Clinical Research and Hypnotherapy......Page 23 Chapter 2: Principles of Hypnotic Relaxation Therapy......Page 26 Principle #1: HRT is most effective within a positive therapeutic relationship......Page 27 Principle #3: HRT recognizes that there are individual differences in hypnotizability......Page 28 Principle #4: HRT assumes all communication is processed, to varying degrees, within both conscious and unconscious awareness......Page 29 Principle #5: HRT sessions are goal directed......Page 30 Principle #8: HRT uses a variety of methods for hypnotic induction, suggestion, and facilitating therapeutic experiences......Page 31 Principle #9: HRT is both structured and individualized......Page 32 Principle #10: HRT may be directed toward developing coping skills, relieving symptoms, facilitating insight, or preventing relapse......Page 33 Becoming A Clinician Skilled in Hrt......Page 34 The Conscious and Unconscious Minds......Page 36 Social–Psychological Components of Hrt......Page 39 Adaptive Dissociation......Page 40 Dissociative Theories of Hypnotic Response......Page 41 The Concept of Adaptive Dissociation......Page 42 Therapeutic Relaxation......Page 43 Summarizing Hrt......Page 44 The Hypnotherapeutic Relationship......Page 46 Law of Reversed Effect......Page 47 Hypnotic Suggestion as a Three-Step Process......Page 48 Pacing and Leading......Page 49 Reinforcement......Page 50 Utilization of Hypnotic Phenomena......Page 51 Indirect Suggestions......Page 53 Language of the Experiential System......Page 55 Step II: Initial suggestions for relaxation......Page 56 Step V: Deepening suggestions......Page 57 Step VI: Mental imagery and dissociation......Page 58 Step VIII: Reinforcement of response......Page 59 Step IX: Post-hypnotic suggestion......Page 60 Hypnotic Inductions......Page 61 Additional Hypnotic Inductions and Individualization......Page 65 Presenting Problems......Page 66 Psychological Factors......Page 68 Experiential Representations......Page 69 Summary Statement and Goals......Page 70 Discussion of Hrt......Page 71 Presenting Hrt to the Patient......Page 76 Dealing with Myths and Misconceptions......Page 77 Setting the Treatment Session Goal......Page 79 Preparatory Talk......Page 80 Eye focus induction......Page 81 Mental imagery for relaxation and deepening trance......Page 82 Reinforcment......Page 83 Post-Hypnotic inquiry......Page 84 Ending the Session—Provide Recording of Hypnotic Induction......Page 85 Structure of the Second Session......Page 86 Review of the Patient's Experiences and Progress......Page 87 Gather Information for Individualization......Page 88 Rating of Symptoms......Page 90 Encouraging fading of the generalized reality orientation......Page 91 Deeping suggestions......Page 92 Post-hypnotic suggestion......Page 93 Post-Hypnotic inquiry......Page 94 Ending the Session—Homework Assignment and Scheduling......Page 95 Chapter 8: The Third Hypnotic Relaxation Therapy Session......Page 96 Review Patient's Progress and Experiences with Hypnotic Relaxation......Page 97 Gather information for individualization and Set the Session Goal......Page 98 Self-Hypnosis Instructions......Page 99 Hypnotic induction Following the Self-Hypnosis Steps......Page 101 Patient Practice of Self-Hypnosis with Minimal Prompts......Page 102 Post-Hypnotic inquiry......Page 103 Homework Assignment and Scheduling......Page 104 Symptom Reduction......Page 106 Developing Coping Skills......Page 107 Developing Further insight......Page 108 Conscious and Unconscious information Processing......Page 110 Reviewing the Patient's Experience and Progress......Page 111 Setting the Session Goal in Context with the Overall Goal......Page 112 Communicate Session Goals and Approach to the Patient:......Page 113 Hypnotic Relaxation Induction......Page 114 Homework Assignment and Scheduling Toward Endpoint Goals......Page 116 Why Assess a Patient's Hypnotic Ability?......Page 118 Diagnosis......Page 119 Research......Page 120 Overview of Hypnotizabilty Scales......Page 121 Development of the EHS......Page 123 Arm heaviness/arm immobility......Page 124 Positive hallucination......Page 126 Psychometric Properties of the EHS......Page 127 Introductory Remarks......Page 130 Induction......Page 131 Arm heaviness/immobilization......Page 132 Arm Levitation......Page 133 Imagery Involvement/Dissociation......Page 134 Positive Hallucination......Page 135 Alerting......Page 137 Post-Hypnotic Inquiry and Scoring Form......Page 138 Post-Hypnotic Amnesia Scoring inquiry......Page 139 Arm Heaviness/Immobilization Scoring inquiry......Page 140 Arm Levitation Scoring Inquiry......Page 141 Imagery Involvement/Dissociation Scoring Inquiry......Page 142 Positive Hallucination Scoring inquiry......Page 143 Chapter 11: Dealing with Resistance......Page 144 Sources of Resistance......Page 145 Inadequate Preparation for Hypnotic induction......Page 146 Primary and Secondary Gain......Page 147 Avoidance of Confrontation......Page 148 Managing Resistance......Page 149 Permissive and Indirect Suggestions......Page 150 A Sample Induction for Dealing with Resistance......Page 152 Variation in Voice Quality and Intensity......Page 156 Use of Hypnotic Phenomena......Page 157 Trance Management......Page 158 Use of Ideomotor Responses......Page 159 Use of Therapeutic Metaphors......Page 160 Formal Metaphor to Overcome Codependency......Page 161 Ego-Strengthening Suggestions......Page 162 Chapter 13: Pain Management......Page 166 Biopsychosocial Factors......Page 167 Emotional Distress......Page 168 Hypnotic Techniques for Treating Pain......Page 169 Dissociation from Pain Experience......Page 170 Alteration in Pain Sensation......Page 171 Decrease Suffering......Page 172 Hypnoanalgesia for Pain Management......Page 173 Case Example: Transcript of Hrt with a Chronic Pain Patient......Page 174 Chapter 14: Smoking Cessation......Page 180 Assessment for Smoking Cessation......Page 181 General Guidelines for Hrt for Smoking Cessation......Page 182 Commitment for smoking cessation......Page 184 Self-hypnosis......Page 185 Case Example......Page 186 Evidence for Hrt for Hot Flashes......Page 188 General Treatment Guidelines......Page 189 individualization of Hypnotic Suggestions for Hot Flashes......Page 190 Recording Hot Flashes......Page 191 Mental imagery and suggestions for coolness......Page 192 Post-hypnotic suggestions......Page 193 Case Example......Page 194 Chapter 16: Anxiety Management......Page 202 Hypnotizability and Anxiety......Page 203 Hypnotic Suggestions for Anxiety Management......Page 204 Visualization and exposure therapy......Page 205 Post-hypnotic suggestion......Page 206 Case Example: Dental Anxiety......Page 207 Definition of Insomnia......Page 214 Sleep Stages and Age......Page 215 Medications for Insomnia......Page 216 Stimulus Control Instructions......Page 217 Sleep Restriction Therapy......Page 218 Hypnotic Relaxation Induction for Improving Sleep......Page 219 Case Example......Page 222 The Experiential System and Insight:......Page 224 Trance Management and Abreactions......Page 225 Ideomotor Responses to Facilitate Insight......Page 226 Hypnoprojective Methods......Page 227 Affect Bridge......Page 228 Case Example: Transcript of Hrt to Facilitate Insight......Page 229 Competence......Page 240 Informed Consent......Page 241 Beneficence......Page 242 Recordings......Page 243 A word of caution:......Page 246 How Will I Benefit from Hypnotic Relaxation Therapy?......Page 247 Will I Learn Self-Hypnosis?......Page 249 References......Page 250 Index......Page 264