GIS: An Introduction to Mapping Technologies

Description

The second edition of this introductory GIS textbook is thoroughly rewritten and thoroughly updated to respond to the demand for critical engagement with technologies that address relevant issues across several disciplines preparing students for higher-level work in geotechnologies. Chapters are arranged to (1) build competence in fundamental skills, (2) explore applications of higher-level managerial and analytical functions that are typically called upon in public, non-profit, and private sector milieu, and (3) propose and detail a template for organizing, executing, and completing a GIS project successfully. This interests all users from beginners to experienced professionals. Features 1. Uses the latest version of ArcGIS Pro (3.0) to present a fully rewritten and updated text with diverse perspectives. 2. Includes many real-world examples with urban planning, environmental, and social justice foci. 3. Presents new discussions, examples, and lab materials on open-source GIS projects. Junior and senior level undergraduate students taking courses in remote sensing and GIS applications, studying in the fields of Geography, Environmental Sciences, Computer Science, Urban Studies, Public Health, and Social Disciplines, as well as researchers and academics in the same fields, will all benefit from the information provided in the updated version of this book. Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgments Authors Chapter 1 Making Sense of Geotechnology 1.1 Coming to GIS 1.2 The Geospatial Analyst: A Definition 1.3 What This Book Is About 1.4 How This Book Is Organized Bibliography Video Resources Chapter 2 Georeferencing 2.1 Needs for Metric Georeferencing 2.2 Understanding Datums 2.3 Understanding Map Projection 2.4 Coordinate Systems for GIS 2.5 Address Geocoding Lab 2A Map XY Data and Project Maps (ArcGIS Pro 3.0) Lab 2A-1 Earthquake Maps Part I: Add a Flat File Part II: Display XY Data in Geographic Coordinate System (GCS) Part III: Display Features in the World Part IV: Display Features in the Continent Part V: Display Features in the Region Lab 2A-2 Crime Incidents Maps Part I: Display XY Data in PCS Lab 2B Geocoding Street Addresses in Batch (ArcGIS Pro 3.0) Bibliography Chapter 3 Getting the World into Your GIS 3.1 Introduction: A World of Geospatial Data 3.1.1 Source 3.1.2 Format 3.1.3 Size 3.1.4 Organization 3.2 Data Acquisition: Getting Started 3.3 Private Sector Geospatial Services and Data 3.3.1 “Snapshot” Services 3.3.2 Subscription/“On-Demand” Services 3.4 Conversion Services 3.5 GNSS: A Viable Approach to Data Collection 3.5.1 DIY Data Collection Using GNSS Mobile Apps Bibliography Chapter 4 Geospatial Analysis: Introduction 4.1 Introduction to Geospatial Analysis 4.1.1 Category (dependents) 4.2 Selection and Subsetting 4.3 Classification 4.4 Exploring Proximity, Buffering, and Spatial Relationships 4.5 Interpolation 4.6 Networks Bibliography Chapter 5 Thematic Mapping 5.1 Fundamental Elements of Maps 5.2 Gallery of Maps 5.3 How Data Representation Affects Map Reading and Interpretation? 5.4 Choosing Symbology (Visual Variables) 5.5 Choosing a Quantitative Thematic Mapping Technique 5.6 Organizing Thematic Content Lab 5 Make Thematic Maps (ArcGIS Pro 3.0) Part I: Point Maps Part II: Graduated Symbol Maps Part III: Graduated Color Maps—Normalization Part IV: Graduated Color Maps—Data Classification Part V: Isarithmic Maps Bibliography Chapter 6 Data Models 6.1 Geospatial Data Is Special 6.2 How Spatial Data Is Structured—Raster and Vector? 6.3 How Attribute Data Is Structured—Relational Databases? 6.3.1 Relational Databases 6.3.2 Database Normalization 6.3.3 Field Data Types 6.3.4 Table Join 6.4 How Spatial and Attribute Data Are Put Together Lab 6A Query Geospatial Data (ArcGIS Pro 3.0) Part I: Import an Existing ArcMap Document Part II: Select Features Using Attributes—Text Data Part III: Get Descriptive Statistics of Numeric Data Part IV: Select Features Using Attributes—Numeric Data Lab6B Get to Know Geospatial Data (ArcGIS Pro 3.0) Part I: Read the Metadata of Geospatial Data Part II: Explore Properties of Geospatial Data Part III: Inquire Geospatial Data Part IV: Contrast Spatial Data Model—Vector and Raster Bibliography Chapter 7 Web GIS 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Web and Internet Fundamentals 7.3 Web GIS History 7.4 Mainstream Web GIS Applications 7.5 Leaflet Exercise 7.6 ArcGIS Online Exercise 7.7 Emerging Trends in Web GIS and Advanced Topics 7.8 Web GIS Servers and ArcGIS Server Exercise Bibliography Chapter 8 Open-Source GIS 8.1 What Is Open-Source GIS? 8.2 Getting Started with QGIS 8.3 GDAL and Raster Data 8.4 GeoDa and Open-Source GIS Databases 8.5 Open-Source GIS Libraries 8.6 The Future of Open-Source GIS Bibliography Chapter 9 Introduction to Remote Sensing and GIS 9.1 Remote Sensing Fundamentals 9.2 Organizational Considerations When Beginning Remote Sensing Work 9.3 Major Land Remote Sensing Projects 9.3.1 Landsat and Other Multispectral Imaging Programs 9.4 Digital Remote Sensing Data 9.4.1 Sensors 9.5 Remote Sensing Applications Bibliography Video Resources Chapter 10 Introduction to Health GIS Applications 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Accessibility 10.3 Accessibility in Design 10.4 Cartograms 10.5 Ring Maps 10.6 Cluster Analysis 10.7 Spatial Regression 10.8 Network Analysis and Health GIS 10.9 Health GIS Dashboard Exercise 10.10 Conclusion Bibliography Chapter 11 GIS and Digital Humanities 11.1 Digital Humanities Meets GIS 11.2 Thinking Spatially with GIS 11.3 Georeferencing Images 11.4 Mapping Texts 11.5 Representing Time in a Geographic Database 11.6 Mapping Temporal Data 11.7 Mapping Qualitative Data Lab 11A Georeference Scanned Maps (QGIS 3.22.11 Long Term Release: LTR) Lab 11B Mapping Temporal Data (QGIS 3.22.11 LTR) 1 Mapping Change in Earthquakes 1960–2015 2 Mapping Change in Diabetes Prevalence Bibliography Chapter 12 Organizational GIS and Data Collection 12.1 Working as a GIS Professional 12.2 Organizational Implementation of GIS 12.3 Organizational Best Practices 12.4 Collaborative GIS 12.5 GIS and Relational Database Management Systems 12.6 “NoSQL” Databases and “Big Data” 12.7 Machine Learning/Deep Learning and 3D Modeling 12.8 Survey123 Exercise Bibliography Index