Pharmcards review cards for medical students

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PHARMCARDS: Review Cards for Medical Students, FOURTH EDITION Title Page Copyright Contents Preface GENERIC NAME (Trade Name—should not be memorized!) Key to Abbreviations PHARMACOKINETICS I Overview Input Distribution Output PHARMACOKINETICS II Half-life Maintenance Dose Loading Dose PHARMACODYNAMICS Overview Agonists & Antagonists Dose–Response Therapeutic Index PROTEIN BINDING Overview Carrier Proteins Free Drug Concentration Serum Drug Levels CYTOCHROME P450 ENZYME SYSTEM Mechanism Side Effects Nomenclature Notes CYTOCHROME P450 INTERACTIONS P-GLYCOPROTEIN Mechanism Metabolism Notes P-GLYCOPROTEIN INTERACTIONS Classification Schema 1. ADRENERGIC AGENTS 2. CHOLINERGIC AGENTS 3. CARDIOVASCULAR & RENAL AGENTS 4. HEMATOLOGIC AGENTS 5. ENDOCRINE AGENTS 6. ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS 7. CNS AGENTS 8. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS 9. ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS 10. MISCELLANEOUS AGENTS NORADRENERGIC JUNCTION ADRENERGIC AGENTS CHOLINERGIC AGENTS CHOLINERGIC AGENTS PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION TYPES OF VASODILATORS PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT OF HEART FAILURE DIURETICS EFFECT OF DIURETICS ON SERUM ELECTROLYTES ANTIARRHYTHMICS NORMAL CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY ANTIPLATELET AGENTS ANTICOAGULANTS, PROCOAGULANTS, FIBRINOLYTICS PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT OF ASTHMA PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT OF DIABETES PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT OF DYSLIPIDEMIA ANTIBACTERIALS SITES OF ACTION OF MAJOR ANTIBACTERIALS PENICILLIN ANTIBACTERIALS OTHER BETA-LACTAM ANTIBACTERIALS ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL AGENTS SPECTRUM OF ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL ACTIVITY ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS SPECTRUM OF ACTIVITY OF ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS ANTIVIRALS SPECTRUM OF ACTIVITY OF ANTIVIRAL AGENTS HIV THERAPY Overview Viral dynamics Therapy ANTIRETROVIRAL AGENTS ANTIEPILEPTIC AGENTS Inhibitory neuronal projection Excitatory neuronal projection ANTIEPILEPTICS DOPAMINE AGONISM & ANTAGONISM IN CNS SEROTONIN AGONISM & ANTAGONISM ANTINEOPLASTICS MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES (Abs) EICOSANOIDS EPINEPHRINE Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes NOREPINEPHRINE (Levophed) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes DOPAMINE Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes DOBUTAMINE (Dobutrex) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes AMPHETAMINE Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Antidote Contraindic. Notes EPHEDRINE Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes COCAINE Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes METHYLDOPA (Aldomet) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes PHENYLEPHRINE (Neo-Synephrine) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes CLONIDINE (Catapres) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes PHENTOLAMINE (Regitine) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes PRAZOSIN (Minipress) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes ISOPROTERENOL (Isuprel) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes ALBUTEROL (Proventil, Ventolin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes METOPROLOL (Lopressor) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes CARVEDILOL (Coreg) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes TIMOLOL (Timoptic) Mechanism Clinical Metabolism Notes FENOLDOPAM (CORLOPAM) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes NICOTINE Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes SUCCINYLCHOLINE (Anectine) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes PANCURONIUM (Pavulon) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes BETHANECHOL (Urecholine) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes PILOCARPINE (Isopto Carpine, Salagen) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes ATROPINE Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes BENZTROPINE (Cogentin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes IPRATROPIUM (Atrovent) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes OXYBUTYNIN (Ditropan, Oxytrol) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes NEOSTIGMINE (Prostigmin) Mechanism Clinical Metabolism Notes DONEPEZIL (Aricept) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes SARIN Mechanism Clinical Antidote Metabolism Notes NITROGLYCERIN Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes NITROPRUSSIDE (Nipride) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes NESIRITIDE (Natrecor) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes HYDRALAZINE (Apresoline) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes CAPTOPRIL (Capoten) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes LOSARTAN (COZAAR) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes ALISKIREN (Tekturna) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes NIFEDIPINE (Procardia, Adalat) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes VERAPAMIL (Calan, Isoptin, Verelan) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes RANOLAZINE (Ranexa) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes DIGOXIN (Lanoxin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Antidote Contraindic. Metabolism Interactions Notes MILRINONE (Primacor) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes SILDENAFIL (Viagra, Revatio) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes EPOPROSTENOL (Flolan) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes BOSENTAN (Tracleer) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Interactions Notes FUROSEMIDE (Lasix) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE (HCTZ) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes SPIRONOLACTONE (Aldactone) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes ACETAZOLAMIDE (Diamox) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes MANNITOL Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes PROCAINAMIDE (Procan SR, Pronestyl) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes LIDOCAINE (Xylocaine) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes FLECAINIDE (Tambocor) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes AMIODARONE (Cordarone) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes IBUTILIDE (Corvert) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Interactions Notes ADENOSINE (Adenocard) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Interactions ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID (Aspirin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes CLOPIDOGREL (Plavix) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes EPTIFIBATIDE (Integrilin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes DIPYRIDAMOLE (Persantine) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes HEPARIN Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes ENOXAPARIN (Lovenox) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes LEPIRUDIN (Refludan) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes WARFARIN (Coumadin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes RIVAROXABAN (Xarelto) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes DROTRECOGIN ALFA (Xigris) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes ALTEPLASE (TPA, Activase) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes AMINOCAPROIC ACID (Amicar) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes ERYTHROPOIETIN (Epogen) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes FILGRASTIM (Neupogen, G-CSF) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes ELTROMBOPAG (Promacta) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes PREDNISONE Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes BECLOMETHASONE (Vanceril, Beclovent) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes ESTROGENS Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes CLOMIPHENE (Clomid, Milophene, Serophene) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes TAMOXIFEN (Nolvadex) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes ANASTROZOLE (Arimidex) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes PROGESTINS Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes TESTOSTERONE Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes FLUTAMIDE (Eulexin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes FINASTERIDE (Proscar, Propecia) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes LEUPROLIDE (Lupron) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes OCTREOTIDE (Sandostatin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes OXYTOCIN (Pitocin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes VASOPRESSIN (Pitressin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes LEVOTHYROXINE (Synthroid) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes METHIMAZOLE (Tapazole) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes INSULIN Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes GLYBURIDE (Micronase) Mechanism Clinical Side effects Notes NATEGLINIDE (Starlix) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes EXENATIDE (Byetta) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes METFORMIN (Glucophage) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes ROSIGLITAZONE (Avandia) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes ACARBOSE (Precose) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes ATORVASTATIN (Lipitor) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes GEMFIBROZIL (Lopid) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Interactions Notes NIACIN Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes CHOLESTYRAMINE (Questran) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Interactions Notes EZETIMIBE (Zetia) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes ALENDRONATE (Fosamax) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes TERIPARATIDE (Forteo) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes CINACALCET (Sensipar) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes PENICILLIN Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes NAFCILLIN (Nafcil, Unipen) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes AMPICILLIN Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Notes TICARCILLIN (Ticar) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Notes CLAVULANIC ACID Mechanism Clinical Notes CEPHALOSPORINS Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects CEPHALOSPORINS IMIPENEM (Primaxin) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes VANCOMYCIN (Vancocin) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes POLYMYXIN B Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes GENTAMICIN (Garamycin) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes DOXYCYCLINE (Vibramycin) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Interactions Metabolism Notes ERYTHROMYCIN Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Interactions Notes CLINDAMYCIN (Cleocin) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Notes CHLORAMPHENICOL (Chloromycetin) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes SULFAMETHOXAZOLE (Gantanol) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Interactions Notes TRIMETHOPRIM (TMP) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Notes CIPROFLOXACIN (Cipro) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes METRONIDAZOLE (Flagyl) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes ISONIAZID (INH) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes PYRAZINAMIDE (PZA) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes ETHAMBUTOL (Myambutol) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes RIFAMPIN (Rimactane) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Interactions Notes DAPSONE Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes AMPHOTERICIN B (Fungizone) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes VORICONAZOLE (Vfend) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Interactions Notes MICONAZOLE (Monistat) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes TERBINAFINE (Lamisil) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes CASPOFUNGIN (Cancidas) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes FLUCYTOSINE (Ancobon) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes GRISEOFULVIN (Fulvicin, Grifulvin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes CHLOROQUINE (Aralen) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes PRIMAQUINE Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes PENTAMIDINE (Pentam 300, NebuPent) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes SAQUINAVIR (Invirase) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes ENFUVIRTIDE (Fuzeon) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes MARAVIROC (Selzentry) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Notes RALTEGRAVIR (Isentress) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Metabolism Notes EFAVIRENZ (Sustiva) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes ZIDOVUDINE (AZT, Azidothymidine) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Notes TENOFOVIR (Viread) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes ACYCLOVIR (Zovirax) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Metabolism Notes FOSCARNET (Foscavir) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes TRIFLURIDINE (Viroptic) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes ENTECAVIR (Baraclude) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Notes RIBAVIRIN (Virazole) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes INTERFERON ALPHA Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes ZANAMIVIR (Relenza) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes AMANTADINE (Symmetrel) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Notes PHENYTOIN (Dilantin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes CARBAMAZEPINE (Tegretol) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Interactions Notes TOPIRAMATE (Topamax) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes VALPROIC ACID (Depakote) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes ETHOSUXIMIDE (Zarontin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes GABAPENTIN (Neurontin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes TIAGABINE (Gabitril) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes PHENOBARBITAL (Luminal) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes THIOPENTAL (Pentothal) Mechanism Clinical Contraindic. Metabolism Notes DIAZEPAM (Valium) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Interactions Notes ZOLPIDEM (Ambien) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Interactions Notes BACLOFEN (Lioresal) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes HALOTHANE Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes PROCAINE (Novocain) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes MEMANTINE (Namenda) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes RILUZOLE (Rilutek) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes SUMATRIPTAN (Imitrex) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Interactions Notes ERGOTAMINE (Ergomar) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes BUSPIRONE (BuSpar) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Interactions Notes ONDANSETRON (Zofran) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes ALOSETRON (Lotronex) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Metabolism Notes AMITRIPTYLINE (Elavil) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes FLUOXETINE (Prozac) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Interactions Metabolism Notes NEFAZODONE (Serzone) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes PHENELZINE (Nardil) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Interactions Notes LEVODOPA/CARBIDOPA (Sinemet) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes PRAMIPEXOLE (Mirapex) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes PROCHLORPERAZINE (Compazine) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes CHLORPROMAZINE (Thorazine) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes HALOPERIDOL (Haldol) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes OLANZAPINE (Zyprexa) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes LITHIUM Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Interactions Notes MORPHINE Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes CODEINE Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes PENTAZOCINE (Talwin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes DIPHENOXYLATE (Lomotil) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes METHADONE (Dolophine) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Interactions Notes NALOXONE (Narcan) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes IBUPROFEN (Motrin, Advil, Nuprin, etc.) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes CELECOXIB (Celebrex) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes ACETAMINOPHEN (Tylenol) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes ZAFIRLUKAST (Accolate) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes CYCLOSPORINE (Sandimmune) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Interactions Notes SIROLIMUS (Rapamycin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes ANTITHYMOCYTE GLOBULIN (Thymoglobulin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes MYCOPHENOLATE MOFETIL (CellCept) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes METHOTREXATE Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes ETANERCEPT (Enbrel) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes INTERFERON BETA (Avonex, Betaseron) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE (Plaquenil) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes THALIDOMIDE (Thalomid) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes SULFASALAZINE (Azulfidine) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes CROMOLYN (Intal, Nasalcrom) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes DIPHENHYDRAMINE (Benadryl) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes FEXOFENADINE (Allegra) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes ALLOPURINOL (Lopurin, Zyloprim) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Interactions Notes COLCHICINE Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes PROBENECID (Benemid) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes ALKYLATING AGENTS Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Notes BLEOMYCIN (Blenoxane) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes DOXORUBICIN (Adriamycin) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Notes ETOPOSIDE (VePesid) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Notes DACTINOMYCIN (Cosmegen) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes CYTARABINE (Cytosar-U) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes FLUDARABINE (Fludara) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes 5-FLUOROURACIL (5-FU) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Notes HYDROXYUREA (Hydrea) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes MERCAPTOPURINE (Purinethol) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism Notes VINCRISTINE (ONCOVIN) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Notes PACLITAXEL (Taxol) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes ALL-TRANS RETINOIC ACID (ATRA, Vesanoid) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes AZACYTIDINE (Vidaza) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes IMATINIB (Gleevec) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Notes TRASTUZUMAB (Herceptin) Mechanism Clinical Resistance Side Effects Notes BEVACIZUMAB (Avastin) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes RITUXIMAB (Rituxan) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes GEMTUZUMAB (Mylotarg) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes BORTEZOMIB (Velcade) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes ALDESLEUKIN (IL-2, Proleukin) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Notes ASPARAGINASE (Elspar, L-asparaginase) Mechanism Resistance Clinical Side Effects Notes CIMETIDINE (Tagamet) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Interactions Notes OMEPRAZOLE (Prilosec) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Interactions Notes MISOPROSTOL (Cytotec) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes LATANOPROST (Xalatan) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes THEOPHYLLINE (Theo-Dur, Slo-bid) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes URSODIOL (Actigall) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Contraindic. Notes DISULFIRAM (Antabuse) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Notes VITAMINS I THIAMINE (Vitamin B1) Mechanism Clinical RIBOFLAVIN (Vitamin B2) Mechanism Clinical NICOTINAMIDE (Vitamin B3) Mechanism Clinical PANTOTHENIC ACID (Vitamin B5) Mechanism Clinical PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE (Vitamin B6) Mechanism Clinical VITAMINS II BIOTIN (another “B vitamin”) Mechanism Clinical CYANOCOBALAMIN (Vitamin B12, intrinsic factor) Mechanism Clinical ASCORBIC ACID (Vitamin C) Mechanism Clinical RETINOIC ACID (Vitamin A) Mechanism Clinical TOCOPHEROL (Vitamin E) Mechanism Clinical CARBON MONOXIDE Mechanism Clinical Treatment Notes CYANIDE Mechanism Clinical Antidote Metabolism Notes ETHANOL (EtOH) Mechanism Clinical Side Effects Metabolism LEAD Mechanism Clinical Antidote Metabolism Notes METHANOL Mechanism Clinical Antidote Notes STRYCHNINE Mechanism Clinical Antidote Metabolism Notes Bibliography Index