Innovative earthquake soil dynamics

Description

Innovative Earthquake Soil Dynamics deals with soil dynamics in earthquake engineering and includes almost all aspects of soil behavior. Both generally accepted basic knowledge as well as advanced and innovative views are accommodated. Major topics are (i) seismic site amplification, (ii) liquefaction and (iii) earthquake-induced slope failure. Associated with the above, basic theories and knowledge on wave propagation/attenuation, soil properties, laboratory tests, numerical analyses, and model tests are addressed in the first part of the book. A great number of earthquake observations in surface soil deposits as well as case histories with new findings are addressed in the later chapters, together with associated laboratory test data. Most of the research results originate from Japan, which is rich in earthquake records and case histories, although mostly isolated from the outside world because of the language barrier. Another important feature characterizing this book is an energy perspective in addition to the force-equilibrium perspective, because it is the author’s strong belief that energy is a very relevant index in determining seismic failures, particularly of soils and soil structures. Innovative Earthquake Soil Dynamics is written for international readers, graduate students, researchers, and practicing engineers, interested in this field. Content: 1 Elastic wave propagation in soil 1.1 Introduction 1.2 One-dimensional wave propagation and wave energy 1.3 Three-dimensional body waves 1.4 Surface waves 1.5 Viscoelastic model and soil damping for wave propagation 1.6 Wave attenuation by internal damping 1.7 Wave attenuation including geometric damping 1.8 Summary 2 Soil properties during earthquakes 2.1 Characterization of dynamic soil properties 2.2 How to measure soil properties 2.3 Typical small-strain properties 2.4 Strain-dependent equivalent linear properties 2.5 Summary 3 Soil modeling for analyses and scaled model tests 3.1 Modelling of soil properties 3.2 Dynamic soil analyses 3.3 Scaled model tests and soil models 3.4 Summary 4 Seismic site amplification and wave energy 4.1 Soil condition and site amplification 4.2 Amplification in two-layer system 4.3 Site amplification by earthquake observation 4.4 Site amplification formulas by earthquake observation 4.5 SSI and radiation damping in one-dimensional wave propagation 4.6 Energy flow in wave propagation 4.7 Summary 5 Liquefaction 5.1 Typical liquefaction behavior 5.2 General conditions for liquefaction triggering 5.3 Geotechnical conditions for liquefaction triggering 5.4 Effect of gravels and fines 5.5 Liquefaction potential evaluation by in situ tests 5.6 Energy-based liquefaction potential evaluation 5.7 Effect of incomplete saturation 5.8 Effect of initial shear stress 5.9 Cyclic softening of clayey soils 5.10 Liquefaction-induced failures and associated mechanisms 5.11 Base-isolation during liquefaction 5.12 Summary 6 Earthquake-induced slope failures 6.1 Slip-surface analysis by seismic coefficient 6.2 Newmark-method 6.3 Self-weight deformation analysis using degraded moduli 6.4 Energy-based slope failure evaluation 6.5 Case histories and back-calculations by energy-based method 6.6 Summary