Political Corruption: Readings in Comparative Analysis

Description

Corruption is once again high on the international policy agenda as a result of globalization, the spread of democracy, and major scandals and reform initiatives. But the concept itself has been a focus for social scientists for many years, and new findings and data take on richer meanings when viewed in the context of long-term developments and enduring conceptual debates. This compendium, a much-enriched version of a work that has been a standard reference in the field since 1970, offers concepts, cases, and fresh evidence for comparative analysis.Building on a nucleus of classic studies laying out the nature and development of the concept of corruption, the book also incorporates recent work on economic, cultural, and linguistic dimensions of the problem, as well as critical analyses of several approaches to reform. While many authors are political scientists, work by historians, economists, and sociologists are strongly represented. Two-thirds of the nearly fifty articles are based either on studies especially written or translated for this volume, or on selected journal literature published in the 1990s. The tendency to treat corruption as merely a synonym for bribery is illuminated by analyses of the diverse terminology and linguistic techniques that help distinguish corruption problems in the major languages. Recent attempts to measure corruption, and to analyze its causes and effects quantitatively are also critically examined. New contributions emphasize especially: corruption phenomena in Asia and Africa; contrasts among region and regime types; comparing U.S. state corruption incidence; European Party finance and corruption; assessments of international corruption rating project; analyses of international corruption control treaties; unintended consequences of anti-corruption efforts. Cumulatively, the book combines description richness, analytical thrust, conceptual awareness, and contextual articulation. Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Preface Table of Contents Part 1 THE CONTEXT OF ANALYSIS Introduction Chapter One: Definitions, Concepts, and Criteria 1. What Is the Problem about Corruption? 2. The Concept of Corruption 3. The Sociology of Corruption 4. Techniques of Political Graft 5. The Definition of Corruption 6. The Nature of Political Corruption 7. Black-Market Bureaucracy Chapter Two: The Evolution of Public-Office Concepts and Rules 8. Corruption as an Historical Phenomenon 9. Performance Levels and Bureaucratic Structure 10. The Sale of Public Offices 11. Bureaucratic Institutionalization in Nineteenth Century Europe 12. Patronage and the Public Service: Jeffersonian Bureaucracy and the British Tradition Chapter Three: Behavioral and Normative Perspectives on the “Incidence” of Corruption 13. The Moral Basis of a Backward Society 14. Patronage in Sicily 15. Village Friendship and Patronage 16. Crime and Mobility among Italian-Americans 17. The Politics of Corruption in an American City 18. Ticket-Fixing in Massachusetts Part 2 THE ANALYSIS OF ADMINISTRATIVE CORRUPTION Introduction Chapter Four: South and Southeast Asia 19. Sociological Aspects of Corruption in Southeast Asia 20. The “Sala” Model and Comparative Administraton 21. The Dimensions of Corruption in India 22. Corruption as a Hindrance to Modernization in South Asia Chapter Five: Contemporary Europe 23. Administrative Corruption in Theory and Dutch Practice 24. The British Method of Dealing with Political Corruption 25. The Decline of the Bureaucratic Ethos in the Federal Republic Chapter Six: The United States 26. Corruption: The Special Case of the United States 27. Spoilsmen and Reformers: Civil Service Reform and Public Morality 28. Municipal Corruption: A Comment on Lincoln Steffens 29. A Theory about Corruption 30. Corruption: The Shame of the States 31. The Purity Potlatch: Conflict of Interests and Moral Escalation Chapter Seven: Africa 32. Corruption in the Public Services of British Colonies and Ex-Colonies in West Africa 33. Nepotism and Bribery in West Africa 34. New States and the Concept of Corruption 35. Kleptocracy as a System of Government in Africa Part 3 THE ANALYSIS OF ELECTORAL AND LEGISLATIVE CORRUPTION Introduction Chapter Eight: Western Europe 36. How the Government Won Elections under Napoleon III 37. Socioeconomic Development and the Incidence of English Corrupt Campaign Practices 38. The Nature and Decline of Corrupt Election Expenditures in Nineteenth Century Britain 39. German Attempts at the Legal Definition of Parliamentary Corruption Chapter Nine: The United States 40. The Alarming Proportion of Venal Voters in Connecticut 41. The Purchase of Votes in New York City 42. The City Boss: Game Politician or Gain Politician 43. Congressional Ethics and the Conflict of Interest Issue 44. Group Politics and the Disclosure Idea Chapter Ten: The Developing Nations 45. Bribery in the Election of Ashanti Chiefs 46. Remuneration Levels and Corruption in French-Speaking Africa 47. Corruption and Self-Interest in Kampala and Nairobi 48. The Peso Price of Politics in the Philippines Part 4 CORRUPTION AND MODERNIZATION Introduction Chapter Eleven: Assessing Effects, Toxic and Tonic 49. Towards a Grammar of Graft 50. Modernization and Corruption 51. Apologies for Political Corruption 52. Economic Development through Bureaucratic Corruption 53. The Effects of Corruption in a Developing Nation 54. The Contribution of Nepotism, Spoils, and Graft to Political Development 55. Corruption: Its Causes and Effects 56. Bureaucracy versus Kleptocracy 57. Corruption, Machine Politics, and Political Change 58. Corruption and Political Development: A Cost-Benefit Analysis Select Bibliography