Shinra Myōjin and Buddhist Networks of the East Asian “Mediterranean”

Description

This ambitious work offers a transnational account of the deity Shinra Myōjin, the “god of Silla” worshipped in medieval Japanese Buddhism from the eleventh to sixteenth centuries. Sujung Kim challenges the long-held understanding of Shinra Myōjin as a protective deity of the Tendai Jimon school, showing how its worship emerged and developed in the complex networks of the East Asian “Mediterranean”―a “quality” rather than a physical space defined by Kim as the primary conduit for cross-cultural influence in a region that includes the Yellow Sea, the Sea of Japan (East Sea), the East China Sea, and neighboring coastal areas. While focusing on the transcultural worship of the deity, Kim engages the different maritime arrangements in which Shinra Myōjin circulated: first, the network of Korean immigrants, Chinese merchants, and Japanese Buddhist monks in China’s Shandong peninsula and Japan’s Ōmi Province; and second, that of gods found in the East Asian Mediterranean. Both of these networks became nodal points of exchange of both goods and gods. Kim’s examination of temple chronicles, literary writings, and iconography reveals Shinra Myōjin’s evolution from a seafaring god to a multifaceted one whose roles included the god of pestilence and of poetry, the insurer of painless childbirth, and the protector of performing arts. Shinra Myōjin and Buddhist Networks of the East Asian “Mediterranean” is not only the first monograph in any language on the Tendai Jimon school in Japanese Buddhism, but also the first book-length study in English to examine Korean connections in medieval Japanese religion. Unlike other recent studies on individual Buddhist deities, it foregrounds the need to approach them within a broader East Asian context. By shifting the paradigm from a land-centered vision to a sea-centered one, the work underlines the importance of a transcultural and interdisciplinary approach to the study of Buddhist deities. Contents Acknowledgments Abbreviations Introduction: Shinra Myojin in the East Asian “Mediterranean” Network Part I Maritime East Asia: Networks of Immigrants and Silla Shrines/Temples 1 Between History and Story 2 The Network of Silla Immigrants and the Emergence of Shinra Myojin Part II Sedentarization: Networks of Silla Deities and Shinra Myojin 3 The Medieval Transformations of Shinra Myojin 4 Shinra Myojin, the Multifaceted Deity Part III Restoring Fluidity: Functional and Symbolic Networks of the Silla Deities 5 Trek for the Star Deity: Sonjoo and Shinra Myojin 6 Shinra Myojin as a Pestilence Deity: Susanoo and Shinra Myojin 7 Shinra Myojin as Part of the Network of the Divine Old Man Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index About the Author