Atomic structure and Mendeleev’s Periodic System of chemical elements: tutorial

Description

The tutorial is dedicated to the 150th anniversary of the Mendeleev Periodic Table and the International Year of the Periodic Table of chemical elements. The study guide contains the facts from the history of the Periodic Table discovery, the modern information about the structure of the atom and periodic properties of chemical elements and their relation with the Periodic Law. The tutorial is intended for the students learning in the educational program in the area “Chemical Technology”, who study the discipline “General and Inorganic Chemistry”, as well as for students from foreign countries to study in the framework of international educational programs, and for graduate students and teachers of chemistry. PREFACE HISTORY OF THE PERIODIC TABLE The development of experimental chemistry, the discovery of a large number of new chemical elements and the study of their chemical and physical properties by the 18th century set before scientists the problem of classifying elements. Early attempts to classify known chemical elements were made in an era when there were no clear ideas about the structure of atoms. In the late XVIII – early XIX centuries, chemists tried to create classifications of chemical elements according to the... Table 3. Discovery of Chemical Elements Table 3 Table 3 (1) Pt 78 platinum * − Table 3 THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM Figure 1. Rutherford's gold foil experiment Atomic Weights Nuclear Equations Figure 3. Relationship between Cartesian and spherical coordinate systems Table 6. Allowed Combinations of Quantum Numbers for n =1 to 4 Atomic Orbitals Radial Distribution Function of the Electron Density ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF ATOMS Ionization Energy CONCLUSION RECOMMENDABLE LITERATURE