Introducing English Grammar

Description

Cover Page Title Page ISBN 9781444109870 Contents Preface to the second edition Preface to the first edition 1 Introduction: the glamour of grammar 1.1 Purpose and nature of grammatical description 1.2 Standard English and variation 1.3 English rules, OK? 1.4 Why study English grammar? 1.5 English language in the workplace 1.6 The branches of linguistics Exercises 2 The structure of sentences 2.1 Introduction 2.2 The structure of words 2.3 How do we know sentences have structure? 2.4 Constituency tests 2.5 Three additional tests 2.6 Nested constituents 2.7 Representing structure 2.8 Points to remember Exercises 3 The words of English 3.1 Introduction 3.2 The meaning of lexical categories 3.3 Structural criteria 3.4 Major categories 3.5 The minor categories 3.6 Phrasal categories and their structure 3.7 Points to remember Exercises 4 Functions within the clause 4.1 Introduction 4.2 The predicate 4.3 The subject 4.4 The object 4.5 The predicative complement 4.6 The adverbial 4.7 Trees 4.8 Points to remember Exercises 5 Different sentence types 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Declaratives 5.3 Interrogatives 5.4 Imperatives 5.5 Exclamatives 5.6 Echoes 5.7 Trees 5.8 Points to remember Exercises 6 The verb phrase 6.1 The constituency of verb strings 6.2 Time and tense 6.3 Lexical verbs and auxiliary verbs 6.4 Auxiliary verbs 6.5 Lexical have, be and do 6.6 Classes of lexical verbs 6.7 Trees 6.8 Points to remember Exercises 7 The noun phrase 7.1 How to spot a noun phrase 7.2 Who’s the boss? 7.3 Determiners 7.4 Pre-modifiers 7.5 Pre-determiners 7.6 Post-modifiers 7.7 Complements 7.8 Trees 7.9 Points to remember Exercises 8 Clauses within clauses 8.1 Clauses 8.2 Finite sub-clauses 8.3 Non-finite clauses 8.4 Subjectless clauses 8.5 Trees 8.6 Points to remember Exercises 9 Beyond the sentence 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Information packaging 9.3 Discourse strategies 9.4 Points to remember Exercises 10 Grammar at work 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Speech versus writing 10.3 E-Speak – somewhere between speech and writing 10.4 Occupational varieties 10.5 Points to remember Exercises 11 English worldwide 11.1 Introduction 11.2 New Englishes: Indian English 11.3 Other Englishes 11.4 Variation in the Native Englishes 11.5 Vernacular universals 11.6 The future of Standard English 11.7 Points to remember Exercises Further reading Glossary A B C D E F G H I J L M N O P R S T V Index A B C D E F G H I J J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z