Momentum, Heat, and Mass Transfer

Description

Bookboon, 2014. — 106 p. — ISBN: 978-87-403-0689-7This book covers the transport of momentum, heat, and mass in non-equilibrium systems. It derives differential balance equations for general properties and introduces the concepts of convective and diffusive flux. These are applied to the conservation of mass. Next, differential force balances are used to develop the governing equations for momentum transport, and includes a discussion of stress and viscosity. Dimensional analysis is discussed. The differential energy balance is then presented, along with Fourier's law. Finally, differential species balances are performed for multicomponent systems, and Maxwell-Stefan diffusion and Fick's law are discussed. An analysis of turbulence and the statistical modeling of its effects on transport is provided. This is followed by a description of boundary layer theory, and then a discussion of the analogies between the transport of momentum, heat, and mass. Finally the two resistance model for interphase mass transfer is presented.ContentIntroduction: Balance equations, Index notation, Mass balanceMomentum transport: Introduction, Bernoulli’s equation, Diffusive momentum flux: Newton’s law of viscosity, Newton’s law of viscosityLaminar flow problems: Introduction, Flow of a falling film, Flow through a circular tubeDimensional analysis: IntroductionEnergy transport: Energy balance, Convection, Diffusive transport, Viscous work, Pressure work, Finishing touchesMulticomponent mass transfer: Introduction, Diffusive fluxExamples of steady diffusion: Introduction, Arnold diffusion cell, Heterogeneous combustion, Diffusion with homogeneous reactionIntroduction to turbulence and non-linear dynamics: Introduction, The logistic mapStatistical treatment of turbulence: Introduction, Brief overview of statistics, Reynold stressesApproximate models for turbulence: Introduction, Boussinesq hypothesis or the mean-velocity field closure, Prandtl mixing-length theory and von Kármán similarity hypothesis, Three-region model for momentum transport (universal velocity profile), Turbulent flow in a pipeTurbulence in energy and mass transport: Introduction, Energy transport, Mass transportBoundary layer theory: Flowpast objects: Boundary layers, Boundary layer theory, von Kármán momentum integral analysisBoundary layers in energy and mass transport: Transport of energy, Transport of massAnalogies in Momentum, Heat, and Mass Transfer:Introduction, Comparison of diffusive transport, Reynolds analogy, Prandtl analogy, Chilton-Colburn analogyInterphase mass transfer: Introduction, Individual mass-transfer coefficients, Overall mass-transfer coefficients