Programming with C+

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Cover Preface Acknowledgements Contents Chapter 1. Introduction to C++ 1.1 Computer and Computer Languages 1.2 A Brief History of C++ 1.3 Major Additions from C to C++ 1.4 Some Advantages of C++ Over C 1.5 Range of Applications of C++ 1.6 Compilers for Programming with C++ 1.7 The C++ Standard Library 1.8 Program Development in C++ 1.9 Programming Techniques 1.10 Object Oriented Programming 1.11 Operator Overloading 1.12 Inheritance 1.13 Polymorphism 1.14 Number Systems 1.15 Bits and Bytes 1.16 Computer Performance Chapter 2. Structure of a C++ Program 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Components of a Simple C++ Program 2.3 Escape Sequences 2.4 Variable Declaration and Memory Allocation 2.5 Namespaces 2.6 User Interactive Programs 2.7 Formatting the Output 2.8 Function cin.getline() v/s cin Chapter 3. Fundamental Data types in C++ 3.1 Fundamental Data Types 3.2 Declaration of a Variable 3.3 Choosing an Identifier or Name for a Variable 3.4 Keywords 3.5 Size of Fundamental Data Types 3.6 Scope of Variables 3.7 Type Casting 3.8 THE typedef 3.9 THE typeid () Operator 3.10 Arithmetic Operations on Variables 3.11 Function swap() Chapter 4. Operators 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Assignment Operator 4.3 Arithmetic Operators 4.4 Composite Assignment Operators 4.5 Increment and Decrement Operators 4.6 Relational Operators 4.7 Boolean Operators 4.8 Bitwise Operators 4.9 Precedence of Operators Chapter 5. Selection Statements 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Conditional Expressions 5.3 The if Expression 5.4 The if...else Statement 5.5 Conditional Selection Operator ( ? : ) 5.6 The if … else Chains 5.7 Selection Expressions with Logic Operators 5.8 The switch Statement Chapter 6. Iteration 6.1 Introduction 6.2 The while Statement 6.3 The Nested while Statements 6.4 Compound Conditions in a while (expression) 6.5 The do….while Loop 6.6 Endless while Loops 6.7 The for Loop 6.8 Compound Conditions in for (expression) 6.9 Nested for Loops 6.10 Generation of Random Numbers 6.11 The goto Statement 6.12 The Continue Statement 6.13 Input with a Sentinel Chapter 7. Functions 7.1 Introduction 7.2 User Defined Functions 7.3 Function Prototype and Return Statement 7.4 Integration of a Function 7.5 Functions with Empty Parameter List 7.6 Function Overloading 7.7 The inline Functions 7.8 Use of #define for Macros 7.9 C++ Standard Library Functions 7.10 Passing Arguments by Value and by Reference 7.11 Recursive Functions Chapter 8. Arrays 8.1 Declaration of an Array 8.2 Accessing Elements of an Array 8.3 Input/Output of an Array 8.4 Searching a Value in an Array 8.5 Address of an Array 8.6 Arithmetic Operations on Array Elements 8.7 Sorting of Arrays 8.8 Finding the Maximum/Minimum Value in an Array 8.9 Passing an Array to a Function 8.10 Two Dimensional Arrays 8.11 Two Dimensional Arrays and Matrices 8.12 Three Dimensional Arrays (Arrays of Matrices) Chapter 9. Pointers 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Declaration of Pointers 9.3 Processing Data by Using Pointers 9.4 Pointer to Pointer 9.5 Pointers and Arrays 9.6 Array of Pointers to Arrays 9.7 Pointers to Multi-dimensional Arrays 9.8 Pointers to Functions 9.9 Array of Pointers to Functions 9.10 Pointer to Functions as Parameter of Another Function 9.11 The new AND delete 9.12 References 9.13 Passing Arguments by Value and by Reference 9.14 Passing Arguments Through Pointers 9.15 Pointer Arithmetic 9.16 Void Pointers 9.17 Summary of Pointer Declarations Chapter 10. C-Strings 10.1 Declaration of a C-String 10.2 Input/Output of C-Strings 10.4 Conversion of C-String Characters into Other Types 10.3 Standard Functions for Manipulating String Elements 10.5 Arrays of C-Strings 10.6 Standard Functions for Handling C-String Characters 10.7 Standard Functions for Manipulation of C-Strings 10.8 Memory Functions for C-Strings Chapter 11. Classes and Objects-1 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Declaration of Class and Class Objects 11.3 Access Specifiers-Private, Protected and Public 11.4 Defining a Member Function Outside the Class 11.5 Initializing Private Data Members 11.6 Class with an Array as Data Member 11.7 Class with an Array of Strings as Data Member 11.8 Class Constructor and Destructor Functions 11.9 Type of Constructors 11.10 Accessing Private Function Members of a Class 11.11 Local Classes 11.12 Structures Chapter 12. Classes and Objects-2 12.1 Friend Function to a Class 12.2 Friend Classes 12.3 Pointer to a Class 12.4 Pointers to Objects of a Class 12.5 Pointers to Function Members of a Class 12.6 Pointer to Data Member of a Class 12.7 Accessing Private Data of an Object Through Pointers 12.8 The this Pointer 12.9 Static Data Members of a Class 12.10 Static Function Member of a Class 12.11 Dynamic Memory Management for Class Objects 12.12 A Matrix Class 12.13 Linked Lists 12.14 Nested Classes Chapter 13. Operator Overloading 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Operators that May be Overloaded 13.3 Operator Overloading Functions 13.4 Addition of Complex Numbers 13.5 Overloading of +=and -= Operators 13.6 Overloading of Insertion () and /= Operators 13.7 Overloading of Increment and Decrement Operators (++ AND – –) 13.8 Dot Product of Vectors 13.9 Overloading of Equality Operator (==) 13.10 Overloading of Index Operator [] Chapter 14. Inheritance 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Forms of Inheritances 14.3 Single Public Inheritance 14.4 Single Protected Inheritance 14.5 Single Private Inheritance 14.6 Multiple Inheritance 14.7 Multilevel Inheritance 14.8 Constructors and Destructors in Inheritance 14.9 Containment and Inheritance 14.10 Overloaded Operator Functions and Inheritance Chapter 15. Virtual Functions and Polymorphism 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Virtual Functions 15.3 Arrays of Base Class Pointers 15.4 Pure Virtual Functions and Abstract Class 15.5 Virtual Destructors 15.6 Virtual Base Class 15.7 Run-Time Type Information (RTTI) 15.8 New Casting Operators in C++ Chapter 16. Templates 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Function Templates 16.3 Function Template with Array as a Parameter 16.4 Function Templates with Multiple Type Arguments 16.5 Overloading of Template Functions 16.6 Class Templates 16.7 Friend Function Template to Class Template 16.8 Friend Class Template to a Class Template 16.9 Template Class for Complex Variables Chapter 17. C++ Strings 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Construction of C++ Strings 17.3 C++ String Class Functions 17.4 Applications of Some C++ String Class Functions 17.5 String Class Operators 17.6 Array of C++ Strings Chapter 18. String Handling 18.1 Introduction 18.2 The try, throw and catch 18.3 Catch All Types of Exceptions 18.4 Exception Handling Function 18.5 Exception Specification 18.6 Rethrow an Exception 18.7 C++ Standard Library Exception Classes 18.8 Function terminate() and set_terminate() 18.9 Function unexpected() and set_unexpected() 18.10 The auto_ptr Class Chapter 19. Input/Output Streams and Working with Files 19.1 Introduction 19.2 I/O Streams for Console Operations 19.3 Predefined Standard I/O Streams 19.4 Functions of and 19.5 Formatted I/O Operations with Manipulators 19.6 Formatting by Setting Flags and Bit Fields 19.7 Introduction to Files 19.8 File Stream Classes 19.9 File Input/Output Streams 19.10 Functions is_open(), get() and put() for Files 19.11 The Function open() and File Open Modes 19.12 File Pointers 19.13 Binary Files and ASCII Character Codes 19.14 Functions write() and read() for File Operations 19.15 File Operations for Class Objects 19.16 Random Access Files 19.17 Error Handling Functions Chapter 20. Namespaces and Preprocessor Directives 20.1 Introduction to Namespaces 20.2 Application of Namespaces 20.3 Directives using AND using namespace 20.4 Namespace Aliases 20.5 Extension of Namespaces 20.6 Nesting of Namespaces 20.7 The namespace std 20.8 Preprocessor Directives 20.9 Conditional Preprocessor Directives 20.10 Predefined Macros Chapter 21. Standard Template Library 21.1 Introduction 21.2 The Containers 21.3 Iterators 21.4 Sequence Containers 21.5 Associative Containers 21.6 Container Adapters: Stack, Queue and Priority Queue 21.7 Function Objects/Predicates 21.8 Predefined Predicates in C++ 21.9 Binder Functions Chapter 22. Sequence Containers-Vector, List and Deque 22.1 Introduction 22.2 Vector Class 22.3 Functions of Vector Class 22.4 Definition and Application of Iterators 22.5 Operators Supported by Vector Class 22.7 Functions and Operators Supported by List Class 22.8 Application of Some Functions of List Class 22.9 Functions and Operators Supported by Deque 22.10 Application of Some Functions Supported by Deque Chaptere 23. Associative Containers Set, multiset, map and multimap 23.1 Introduction 23.2 Functions Supported by Associative Containers 23.3 The Sets 23.4 The Multisets 23.5 The Maps 23.6 The Multimaps Chapter 24. Bit Sets 24.1 Introduction 24.2 Construction of Bit Sets 24.3 Bitset Class Operators 24.4 Bit Set Class Functions Chapter 25. Algorithms 25.1 Introduction 25.2 Categories of Algorithms and Brief Descriptions 25.3 Illustrative Applications of Some Algorithms References Appendix-A ASCII Character Code Set Appendix-B C++ Keywords Appendix-C C++ Operators Appendix-D Commonly Used Header Files in C++ Appendix-E Getting Started Subject Index