General Psychology

Description

Cover Contents CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Goddess Psyche: An Ancient Myth Origin of Psychology Psychology Defi ned Scope of Psychology Schools of Psychology Modern Perspectives in Psychology Research Methods in Psychology Writing of a Research Report Key Terms Evaluate Yourself Multiple Choice Questions Descriptive Questions Critical Thinking Questions Practical Exercises Answers to Multiple Choice Questions CHAPTER 2 BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF BEHAVIOR Development of Behavior Human Nervous System Organization of the Nervous System Sensory Processes Structure and Function of the Endocrine System Key Terms Evaluate Yourself Multiple Choice Questions Descriptive Questions Critical Thinking Questions Practical Exercises Answers to Multiple Choice Questions CHAPTER 3 PROCESSES OF CONSCIOUSNESS—ATTENTION Introduction Determinants of Attention Neural Basis of Attention Shifts and Fluctuations in Attention Division of Attention Span of Attention Selective Attention Theories of Selective Attention Key Terms Evaluate Yourself Multiple Choice Questions Descriptive Questions Critical Thinking Questions Practical Exercises Answers to Multiple Choice Questions CHAPTER 4 SENSATION AND PERCEPTION Nature of Perception Approaches to the Study of Perception (Gestalt and Physiological Approaches) How Perception Occurs: Sequence of Events Perceptual Styles Determinants of Perception Organization of Perception Laws of Perceptual Organization Bottom-up and Top-down Processing Perceptual Constancy Perception of Form Perception of Depth Perception of Space Spatial Framework The Perception of Distance Perception of Movement Perception of Color Perception of Time Some Other Facets of Perceptions Extrasensory Perception Role of Motivation and Learning in Perception Perceptual Defense Illusion Theories of Illusion Key Terms Evaluate Yourself Multiple Choice Questions Descriptive Questions Critical Thinking Questions Practical Exercise Answers to Multiple Choice Questions CHAPTER 5 SLEEP, DREAMS, HYPNOSIS, MEDITATION AND DRUGS Sleep Recent Researches on Sleep and Memory REM Sleep and Dreams What are Dreams and Why Do We Dream? Recent Researches on Dreaming Altered States of Consciousness Hypnosis Meditation Induction of ASC Key Terms Evaluate Yourself Multiple Choice Questions Descriptive Questions Critical Thinking Questions Practical Exercises Answers to Multiple Choice Questions CHAPTER 6 LEARNING AND CONDITIONING Learning and Behavior Modifi cation How Learning and Maturation are Related Principal Forms of Learning Learning Styles Conditioning Higher Order Conditioning Learning Theories Verbal Learning Concept Learning Neurophysiology of Learning Measurement of Learning Learning Curves Plateaus in Learning Transfer of Training (Learning) Cross-Education (Bilateral Transfer) Determinants of Learning—Factors Infl uencing Learning Key Terms Evaluate Yourself Multiple Choice Questions Descriptive Questions Critical Thinking Questions Practical Exercises Answers to Multiple Choice Questions CHAPTER 7 MEMORY AND FORGETTING Memory Systems and Their Taxonomies Types of Memory Tasks Theories About Memory Sensory Memory Short-Term Memory Working Memory Working Memory Model Long-Term Memory Forgetting Motivated Forgetting Methods of Improving Memory Key Terms Evaluate Yourself Multiple Choice Questions Descriptive Questions Critical Thinking Questions Practical Exercises Answers to Multiple Choice Questions CHAPTER 8 THINKING AND LANGUAGE Nature of Thinking A Brief History Styles of Thinking Language Theories of Language Acquisition Structure and Rules of Language Concept Formation Processes Problem-solving Decision-making and Judgment Creative Thinking and Fostering Creativity Key Terms Evaluate Yourself Multiple Choice Questions Descriptive Questions Critical Thinking Questions Practical Exercises Answers to Multiple Choice Questions CHAPTER 9 MOTIVATION Introduction Defi nition of Motivation Concept of Homeostasis Approaches to the Study of Motivation Needs Drive Incentives Classifi cation of Motives Confl ict of Motives Theories of Motivation Development of Motivation Key Terms Evaluate Yourself Multiple Choice Questions Descriptive Questions Critical Thinking Questions Practical Exercises Answers to Multiple Choice Questions CHAPTER 10 EMOTIONS Introduction Aspects of Emotion Different Types of Emotions Indicators of Emotional Responses: External Physical Changes Physiological Changes During Emotion Theories of Emotion Physiology of Emotion Emotional Expression and Recognition Cognition and Emotion: A Critical Analysis Conclusion of Multiple Perspectives on Emotion Key Terms Evaluate Yourself Multiple Choice Questions Descriptive Questions Critical Thinking Questions Practical Exercises Answers to Multiple Choice Questions CHAPTER 11 INTELLIGENCE Introduction Defi ning Intelligence Determinants of Intelligence Concept of Intelligence Quotient (IQ) Individual and Group Differences in Intelligence Classifi cation of Intelligence Tests Some Well-Known Intelligence Tests Theories of Intelligence Emotional Intelligence Moral Intelligence Social Intelligence Key Terms Evaluate Yourself Multiple Choice Questions Descriptive Questions Critical Thinking Questions Practical Exercises Answers to Multiple Choice Questions CHAPTER 12 PERSONALITY THEORIES Introduction Nature of Personality Theory Freud’s Classical Psychoanalytical Theory Erik Erikson’s Theory of Personality Development Carl Jung’s Analytic Theory Neo-Freudian Theory Humanistic Theories Trait Theories Learning and Behavioral Theories George Kelly’s: A Cognitive Theory of Personality Personality Assessment Key Terms Evaluate Yourself Multiple Choice Questions Descriptive Questions Critical Thinking Questions Practical Exercises Answers to Multiple Choice Questions GLOSSARY REFERENCES INDEX