Risk-Taking, Prevention and Design: A Cross-Fertilization Approach

Description

Most approaches that contribute to the design of life-critical systems almost only consider nominal situations where procedures can be developed and used to achieve satisfactory operations. These kinds of approaches lead to rigid ways of doing things and poorly address the needs for flexibility, especially when things go wrong. It is not a matter of human adaptation but of human systems integration (HSI) flexibility. HSI flexibility requires cross-fertilization of appropriate experiences combined with creativity. This book provides risk-management approaches and methods for combining prevention and design. Features: Discusses risk-management approaches and methods for combining prevention and designExamines a transdisciplinary approach to risk management in design and operations of safer life-critical systemsProposes an approach of work analysis during design, which enables design teams to consider HSI issues early enough to fix organizational problems upstreamTeaches the combination of prevention and design for safety management This book gathers and analyzes relevant field data to rationalize human and systems activity in various life-critical environments and workplaces, in a systemic manner, and in a variety of safety domains (e.g., aviation, road, navy, manufacturing, hospital, transportation, defense, sport). It further formalizes and analyzes risk-taking experience, expertise, stories about critical events, and scientific and professional literature data to help engineering designers, managers, and health and safety specialists. The text is primarily written for graduate students and professionals working in the fields of occupational health and safety, ergonomics, human factors, cognitive engineering, and human-system integration. Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Contents Preface About the Editors List of Contributors 1. Risk-taking: A life-critical necessity 2. From praise of danger to “reasoned” risk-taking: A psychological approach to risk-taking 3. Decisions and risks manifesting themselves through movements performed by workers 4. The EAST ‘broken-links’ method for examining risk in sociotechnical systems 5. Worksite risk management as a cultural issue: The needs of risk work and regulation to improve safety culture 6. Risk-taking: An opportunity to win in elite sports 7. Risk-taking: Submarine experience 8. Risk mitigation practices in commercial aviation 9. Aging and risk-taking: An increasing dimension of life-critical systems 10. Risk-seeking in healthcare: A life-critical necessity 11. Risk-seeking and the paradox of variability for safety in healthcare: Resonance with R.L. Wears’ text 12. Managing and preventing operational risk-taking at design time: Stories from a human-centered design project 13. Designing sustainable ‘plastic’ work systems: A resource for work-related prevention in France’s waste management and recycling sector 14. Conclusion Index