The Book of Lord Shang: Apologetics of State Power in Early China

Description

Compiled in China in the fourth-third centuries B.C.E., The Book of Lord Shang argues for a new powerful government to penetrate society and turn every man into a diligent tiller and valiant soldier. Creating a "rich state and a strong army" will be the first step toward unification of "All-under-Heaven." These ideas served the state of Qin that eventually created the first imperial polity on Chinese soil. In this new translation, The Book of Lord Shang's intellectual boldness and surprisingly modern-looking ideas shine through, underscoring the text's vibrant contribution to global political thought. The Book of Lord Shang is attributed to the political theorist Shang Yang and his followers. It epitomizes the ideology of China's so-called Legalist School of thought. In the ninety years since the work's previous translation, major breakthroughs in studies of the book's dating and context have recast our understanding of its messages. This edition applies these advances to a whole new reading of the text's content and function in the sociopolitical life of its times and subsequent centuries. This fully annotated translation is ideal for newcomers to the book while also guiding early Chinese scholars and comparatists in placing the work within a timeline of influence. It highlights the text's practical success and its impact on the political thought and political practice in traditional and modern China. The Book of Lord Shang: Apologetics of State Power in Early China Table of Contents Acknowledgments Map of the Warring States World Around 350 B.C.E. Part I: Introduction 0 Introduction 1 Shang Yang and His Times 2 The Text: History, Dating, Style 3 The Ideology of the Total State 4 The Text’s Reception and Impact Part II: The Book of Lord Shang Notes on Translation 1 Revising the Laws (更法) 2 Orders to Cultivate Wastelands (墾令) 3 Agriculture and Warfare (農戰) 4 Eliminating the Strong with 20. Weakening the People and 5. Explaining the People 6 Calculating the Land (算地) 7 Opening the Blocked (開塞) 8 Speaking of the One (壹言) 9 Implementing Laws (錯法) 10 Methods of War (戰 法) 11 Establishing the Roots (立 本) 12 Military Defense (兵 守) 13 Making Orders Strict (靳令) 14 Cultivation of Authority (修權) 15 Attracting the People (徠民) 16 Essentials of Punishments (刑約) 17 Rewards and Punishments (賞刑) 18 Charting the Policies (畫策) 19 Within the Borders (境内) 21 Protecting from Robbers (禦盜) 22 External and Internal (外内) 23 Ruler and Ministers (君臣) 24 Interdicting and Encouraging (禁使) 25 Attention to Law (慎法) 26 Fixing Divisions (定分) Fragment of “Six Laws” (六法) Notes Part I: Introduction 1 Shang Yang and His Times 2 The Text: History, Dating, Style 3 The Ideology of the Total State 4 The Text’s Reception and Impact Part II: Notes on Translation 1 Revising the Laws 2 Orders to Cultivate Wastelands 3 Agriculture and Warfare 4 Eliminating the Strong 6 Calculating the Land 7 Opening the Blocked 8 Speaking of the One 9 Implementing Laws 10 Methods of War 11 Establishing the Roots 12 Military Defense 13 Making Orders Strict 14 Cultivation of Authority 15 Attracting the People 17 Rewards and Punishments 18 Charting the Policies 19 Within the Borders 22 External and Internal 23 Ruler and Ministers 24 Interdicting and Encouraging 25 Attention to Law 26 Fixing Divisions Fragment of “Six Laws” Bibliography Index Back Matter