Japan’s Nuclear Identity And Its Implications For Nuclear Abolition

Description

This book examines Japan’s nuclear identity and its implications for abolition of nuclear weapons. By applying analytical eclecticism in combination with international relations theory, this book categorizes Japan’s nuclear identity as a ‘nuclear-bombed state’ (classical liberalism), ‘nuclear disarmament state’ (neoliberalism), ‘nuclear-threatened state’ (classical realism), and a ‘nuclear umbrella state’ (neorealism). This research investigates whether the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were ‘genocide’ or not, to what degree Japan has contributed to nuclear disarmament, how Japan has been threatened by ballistic missiles and nuclear weapons of North Korea, and how Japan’s security policy has been embedded with the nuclear strategy of the United States. It also sheds light on theoretical factors that Japan does not support the Treaty on Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW). Finally, this book considers the future of Japan’s nuclear identity and attempts to explore alternatives for Japan’s nuclear disarmament diplomacy toward a world without nuclear weapons. Acknowledgements......Page 5 Contents......Page 8 Abbreviations......Page 9 List of Tables......Page 12 Chapter 1: Introduction: The Paradox of Japan’s Nuclear Identity......Page 13 Chapter 2: Japan as a ‘Nuclear-Bombed State’: The Genocidal Nature of Nuclear Violence......Page 22 Introduction......Page 23 The Conceptualization of ‘Nuclear Violence’......Page 24 The Genocidal Nature of Nuclear Violence in Hiroshima and Nagasaki......Page 26 Atomic Bomb Survivors (Hibakusha) in Hiroshima and Nagasaki......Page 28 The Hydrogen Bomb Test and the ‘Daigo Fukuryu Maru’ Incident......Page 30 Japan’s ‘Non-Nuclear Policy’ and ‘Peaceful Use of Atomic Energy’......Page 32 The 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Reactor Meltdown......Page 34 ‘Potential Violence’ in Military and Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy......Page 36 The Criminality and Genocidal Nature of Nuclear Violence......Page 38 Alternatives for the Nuclear-Bombed State in the Post-Fukushima World......Page 42 Conclusion......Page 44 Chapter 3: Japan as a ‘Nuclear Disarmament State’: Its Global Initiative for Nuclear Abolition......Page 54 Introduction......Page 55 The ICNND Report and Its Comprehensiveness......Page 56 In Comparison with the 1996 Canberra Commission Report, the 2010 NPT Review Conference, and Nuclear Disarmament Progress 2010–2019......Page 60 Limitations: Adherence to the Nuclear Umbrella and Atomic Energy......Page 62 The NPDI: Japan’s Multilateral Nuclear Disarmament Initiative......Page 65 Conclusion......Page 69 Chapter 4: Japan as a ‘Nuclear-Threatened State’: Facing the Nuclear Threat of North Korea......Page 76 Introduction......Page 77 The First Nuclear Crisis in the Korean Peninsula......Page 78 The 1994 Agreed Framework and the Establishment of the KEDO......Page 80 The Second Nuclear Crisis in the Korean Peninsula......Page 81 The Six-Party Talks and the North Korea’s Nuclear Test......Page 83 Growing North Korean Nuclear Threat and the ‘Strategic Patience Policy’......Page 85 Containing the North Korean Nuclear Threat by the ‘Peace Through Strength’?......Page 88 Prospects for the Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula......Page 91 Implications for Japan’s Identity as a ‘Nuclear-Threatened State’......Page 94 Conclusion......Page 96 Chapter 5: Japan as a ‘Nuclear Umbrella State’: Embedded in the US Nuclear Strategy......Page 104 The US Nuclear Strategy During the Cold War......Page 105 The US Nuclear Strategy in the Post-Cold War......Page 109 The US Nuclear Posture Review Under the Clinton Administration......Page 111 The US Nuclear Posture Review Under the Bush Administration......Page 113 The US Nuclear Posture Review Under the Obama Administration......Page 114 The US Nuclear Posture Review Under the Trump Administration......Page 117 Implications of the US Nuclear Strategy for Japan’s Nuclear Identity......Page 120 Conclusion......Page 123 Chapter 6: Japan and the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW)......Page 131 Introduction......Page 132 Japan’s Opposition to the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons......Page 133 Analytical Eclecticism: Theoretical Perspectives of Japan’s Nuclear Identity......Page 135 Classical Liberalism: Japan as a ‘Nuclear-Bombed State’......Page 136 NeoLiberalism: Japan as a ‘Nuclear Disarmament State’......Page 138 Classical Realism: Japan as a ‘Nuclear-Threatened State’......Page 140 NeoRealism: Japan as a ‘Nuclear Umbrella State’......Page 142 Japan’s Role in Bridging the Gap Toward Nuclear Abolition......Page 144 Conclusion......Page 145 Chapter 7: The Future of Japan’s Nuclear Disarmament Diplomacy......Page 153 Introduction......Page 154 The ‘Nuclear-Bombed State’ and the Negative Legacy of the War......Page 155 The ‘Nuclear Disarmament State’ and Its Human Security Diplomacy......Page 157 Possible Disappearance of the ‘Nuclear-Threatened State’?......Page 159 Hypothetical Termination of the ‘Nuclear Umbrella State’?......Page 161 Conclusion......Page 162 Bibliography......Page 167 Index......Page 202