Antiseptic Stewardship: Biocide Resistance and Clinical Implications

Description

Various antiseptic agents, such as chlorhexidine, are used for different applications, e.g. in healthcare, veterinary medicine, animal production and household products, including cosmetics. However, not all antiseptic agents provide significant health benefits, especially in some products used in human medicine (alcohol-based hand rubs, antimicrobial soaps). While some products (antimicrobial soaps, surface disinfectants, instrument disinfectants, wound antiseptics) may contain one or more biocidal agents with a comparable antimicrobial efficacy but large differences in their potential for microbial adaptation and tolerance. An increased bacterial resistance has been described for various antimicrobial agents, sometimes including a cross-resistance to antibiotics. The book is the first comprehensive reference resource on antiseptic agents, including their efficacy, natural and acquired resistance, adaptation, and cross-resistance. It also discusses their and appropriate use in terms of a balance between their efficacy and the risk of acquired bacterial resistance / tolerance. Focusing on human and veterinary medicine and household products, it helps readers make informed decisions concerning against antiseptic products based on their composition. The book contributes to reduce any unnecessary selection pressure towards emerging pathogens and to keep the powerful antiseptic agents for all those applications that have a clear benefit (e.g. reduction of healthcare-associated infection). Front Matter ....Pages i-xli Introduction (Günter Kampf)....Pages 1-7 Ethanol (Günter Kampf)....Pages 9-35 Propan-1-ol (Günter Kampf)....Pages 37-46 Propan-2-ol (Günter Kampf)....Pages 47-61 Peracetic Acid (Günter Kampf)....Pages 63-98 Hydrogen Peroxide (Günter Kampf)....Pages 99-130 Glutaraldehyde (Günter Kampf)....Pages 131-160 Sodium Hypochlorite (Günter Kampf)....Pages 161-210 Triclosan (Günter Kampf)....Pages 211-258 Benzalkonium Chloride (Günter Kampf)....Pages 259-370 Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride (Günter Kampf)....Pages 371-394 Polihexanide (Günter Kampf)....Pages 395-427 Chlorhexidine Digluconate (Günter Kampf)....Pages 429-534 Octenidine Dihydrochloride (Günter Kampf)....Pages 535-561 Silver (Günter Kampf)....Pages 563-607 Povidone Iodine (Günter Kampf)....Pages 609-641 Antiseptic Stewardship for Alcohol-Based Hand Rubs (Günter Kampf)....Pages 643-650 Antiseptic Stewardship for Skin Antiseptics (Günter Kampf)....Pages 651-660 Antiseptic Stewardship for Surface Disinfectants (Günter Kampf)....Pages 661-669 Antiseptic Stewardship for Instrument Disinfectants (Günter Kampf)....Pages 671-677 Antiseptic Stewardship for Antimicrobial Soaps (Günter Kampf)....Pages 679-687 Antiseptic Stewardship for Wound and Mucous Membrane Antiseptics (Günter Kampf)....Pages 689-694