Basic Computer Engineering : For RGPV Subject Code BE-205

Description

Description The contents of Basic Computer Engineering have been tailored to exactly meet the requirements of the first-year students of Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya. It discusses the fundamentals of computers and C programming in great detail along with step-by-step presentation of concepts, illustrations, flow charts and chapter-end exercises, making the book indispensable for students. This book is mapped to the RGPV syllabus. Step-by-step programming procedures are explained in detail. A roadmap to the syllabus facilitates easy location of topics. A large number of solved examples and practice problems facilitate learning. Three years' solved question papers have been added to the book. Cover Brief Contents Contents Preface Roadmap to the Syllabus Unit I: Basics of Computers Chapter 1: Fundamentals of Computers 1.1 Introduction 1.1.1 The Computer System 1.1.2 Characteristics of Computers 1.1.3 The Input–Process–Output Concept 1.2 Classification of Computers 1.2.1 Microcomputers 1.2.2 Minicomputers 1.2.3 Mainframe Computers 1.2.4 Supercomputers 1.3 Computer Organization 1.3.1 Components of Computer Hardware 1.4 Central Processing Unit 1.4.1 Arithmetic Logic Unit 1.4.2 Registers 1.4.3 Control Unit 1.5 The System Bus 1.5.1 Data Bus 1.5.2 Address Bus 1.5.3 Control Bus 1.6 Instruction Set 1.6.1 Instruction Format 1.6.2 Instruction Cycle 1.7 Memory and Storage Systems 1.7.1 Memory Representation 1.7.2 Memory Hierarchy 1.7.3 CPU Registers 1.7.4 Cache Memory 1.7.5 Primary Memory 1.7.5.1 Random Access Memory 1.7.5.2 Read Only Memory 1.7.6 Secondary Memory 1.7.7 Using the Computer Memory 1.8 Input–Output Devices 1.8.1 Input Unit 1.8.2 Output Unit 1.8.3 Input Devices 1.8.3.1 Human Data Entry Devices 1.8.3.2 Pointing Devices 1.8.3.3 Pick Devices 1.8.3.4 Source Data Entry Devices 1.8.3.5 Optical Input Devices 1.8.4 Output Devices 1.8.4.1 Hard Copy Devices 1.8.4.2 Soft Copy Devices 1.9 System and Application Software 1.9.1 System Software 1.9.1.1 Operating System 1.9.1.2 Device Driver 1.9.1.3 System Utilities 1.9.1.4 Translator Software 1.9.2 Application Software Summary Key Words Questions Chapter 2: Computers: Ethics and Applications 2.1 Introduction 2.1.1 Definition 2.1.2 Computer Crime 2.1.3 Privacy and Secrecy 2.1.4 Intellectual Property 2.1.5 Professional Responsibility 2.2 Application Areas of Computers 2.2.1 E-business 2.2.2 Bioinformatics 2.2.3 Healthcare 2.2.4 Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System 2.2.5 Meteorology and Climatology 2.2.6 Computer Gaming 2.2.7 Multimedia and Animation 2.2.8 Home and Entertainment Summary Key Words Questions Unit II: Operating System and Programming Languages Chapter 3: Operating System 3.1 Introduction 3.1.1 Definition 3.1.2 Objectives of Operating System 3.2 Functions of Operating System 3.2.1 Process Management 3.2.1.1 CPU Scheduling 3.2.1.2 Process Synchronization 3.2.1.3 Deadlock 3.2.2 Memory Management 3.2.2.1 Memory Allocation 3.2.2.2 Virtual Memory 3.2.3 File Management 3.2.4 Device Management 3.2.5 Protection and Security 3.2.6 User Interface and Command Interpreter 3.3 Types of Operating System 3.3.1 Batch Systems 3.3.2 Multitasking Operating Systems 3.3.3 Multi-user Operating systems 3.3.4 Multiprocessing Operating Systems 3.3.5 Real-time Operating Systems 3.3.6 Embedded Operating Systems 3.4 Examples of Operating Systems 3.4.1 MS-DOS 3.4.2 Windows Family of OS 3.4.2.1 Brief History of Windows OS 3.4.3 Linux OS Summary Key Words Questions Chapter 4: Programming Languages 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Programming Languages: Generations 4.2.1 First-generation Languages 4.2.1.1 Advantages of First-generation Languages 4.2.1.2 Drawbacks of First-generation Languages 4.2.2 Second-generation Languages 4.2.2.1 Advantages of Second-generation Languages 4.2.2.2 Drawbacks of Second-generation Languages 4.2.3 Third-generation Languages 4.2.3.1 Advantages of Third-generation Languages 4.2.3.2 Drawbacks of Third-generation Languages 4.2.4 Fourth-generation Languages 4.2.4.1 Advantages of Fourth-generation Languages 4.2.4.2 Drawbacks of Fourth-generation Languages 4.2.5 Fifth-generation Languages 4.2.5.1 Advantages of Fifth-generation Languages 4.2.5.2 Drawbacks of Fifth-generation Languages 4.3 Programming Languages: Characteristics 4.4 Programming Languages: Categorization Summary Key Words Questions Chapter 5: Introduction to Programming 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Program Development Life Cycle 5.3 Programming Paradigms 5.4 Structured Programming 5.4.1 Procedure-o riented P rogramming 5.4.2 Modular Programming 5.5 Object-oriented Programming (OOP) 5.6 Features of Object-oriented Programming 5.6.1 Classes 5.6.2 Objects 5.6.3 Data Abstraction and Encapsulation 5.6.4 Inheritance 5.6.5 Polymorphism 5.6.6 Dynamic Binding 5.7 Merits of Object-oriented Programming Summary Key Words Questions Unit III: Basics of C++ Programming Chapter 6: C++ Programming 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Features 6.3 C++ Program Structure 6.3.1 A Simple C++ Program 6.3.2 Explanation 6.3.3 Compiling a C++ Program 6.3.4 Working of C++ Compilation 6.4 Tokens 6.5 Variables 6.5.1 Fundamental Data Types 6.5.2 User-defined Data Types 6.5.3 Derived Data Types 6.5.4 Declaration of Variables 6.5.5 Initialization of Variables 6.6 Constants 6.7 Operators 6.8 Expressions 6.9 I/O Operations 6.10 Control Structures 6.10.1 Conditional Structures [if and if-else] 6.10.2 Iteration Structures 6.10.3 Jump Statements Summary Key Words Questions Chapter 7: Functions in C++ 7.1 Introduction 7.2 A Simple Function 7.2.1 Examples 7.2.3 Declaring and Using Functions in Programs 7.3 The main() Function 7.4 Functions with No Arguments: Use of Void 7.5 Arguments Passed by Value and Passed by Reference 7.6 Default Parameters 7.7 Function Overloading 7.8 Inline Functions 7.9 Math Library Functions 7.10 Recursion Summary Key Words Questions Chapter 8: Arrays and Structures in C++ 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Initializing Arrays 8.3 Accessing Values of an Array 8.4 Multi-Dimensional Arrays 8.4.1 Initialization 8.4.2 Accessing a Multi-dimensional Array 8.5 Arrays as Parameters 8.6 Character Sequences 8.7 Structures 8.7.1 Features of Structures 8.7.2 Union Summary Key Words Questions Chapter 9: Classes and Objects in C++ 9.1 Introduction 9.2 A Simple Class 9.2.1 An Example Program 9.2.2 Explanation 9.2.3 Creating Objects 9.2.4 Accessing Member Functions 9.3 Constructors and Destructors 9.3.1 Constructors 9.3.2 Parameterized Constructors 9.3.3 Constructor Overloading 9.3.4 Default Constructor 9.3.5 Destructors 9.4 Operator Overloading 9.4.1 Overloading Binary Operator ‘+’ 9.4.2 Overloading a Unary Operator ‘++’ 9.4.3 friend Functions 9.5 Inheritance 9.5.1 Derived Classes 9.5.2 Access Types 9.5.3 Forms of Inheritance with Examples 9.6 Polymorphism 9.6.1 Virtual Function 9.6.2 Abstract Class Summary Key Words Questions Unit IV: Database Management Chapter 10: Database Management System 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Database and Database System 10.2.1 Defintions 10.2.2 Components of Database System 10.3 File-oriented Approach 10.4 Database Approach 10.5 Data Models 10.5.1 High-level or Conceptual Data Model 10.5.1.1 Entity 10.5.1.2 Attribute 10.5.1.3 Relationship 10.5.1.4 Entity-Relationship (E-R) Model 10.5.2 Representation or Implementation Data Model 10.5.2.1 Relational Database Model 10.5.2.2 Hierarchical Database Model 10.5.2.3 Network Database Model 10.6 Architecture of Database System 10.7 Data Independence 10.8 Data Dictionary 10.9 Database Administrator (DBA) 10.10 Primary Key 10.11 Database Languages 10.11.1 Data Definition Language (DDL) 10.11.2 Data Manipulation Language (DML) 10.12 Database Applications Summary Key Words Questions Unit V: Computer Networking Chapter 11: Computer Networking 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Networking Goals 11.3 Computer Networks 11.3.1 Physical Structures 11.3.1.1 Switching 11.3.1.2 Circuit Switching 11.3.1.3 Message Switching 11.3.1.4 Packet Switching 11.3.2 LAN Topologies 11.3.2.1 Bus Topology 11.3.2.2 Ring Topology 11.3.2.3 Star Topology 11.3.2.4 Mesh topology 11.3.3 Categories of Networks 11.3.3.1 Local Area Network 11.3.3.2 Metropolitan Area Network 11.3.3.3 Wide Area Network 11.3.3.4 The Internet 11.4 Network Models 11.4.1 The ISO-OSI Model 11.4.1.1 Physical Layer 11.4.1.2 Data Link Layer 11.4.1.3 Network Layer 11.4.1.4 Transport Layer 11.4.1.5 Session Layer 11.4.1.6 Presentation Layer 11.4.1.7 Application Layer 11.4.2 TCP/IP Model 11.5 Internetworking Concepts 11.6 Network Devices 11.6.1 Network Interface Card 11.6.2 Repeater 11.6.3 Bridge 11.6.4 Hub 11.6.5 Switch 11.6.6 Router 11.6.7 Gateway 11.7 Introduction to the Internet 11.7.1 History of Internet 11.7.2 The Internet Architecture 11.7.3 Internetworking Protocol 11.7.4 Managing the Internet 11.7.5 Internet Services 11.7.5.1 World Wide Web (WWW) 11.7.6 Applications of the Internet 11.8 Network Security 11.8.1 Security Threat and Security Attack 11.8.2 Security Services 11.8.3 Security Mechanisms 11.8.3.1 Cryptography 11.8.3.2 Digital Signature 11.8.3.3 Firewall 11.9 Electronic-Commerce (E-Commerce) Summary Key Words Questions Solved Question Papers Appendices