Advances in Architecture, Engineering and Technology: Smart Techniques in Urban Planning & Technology

Description

This book summarizes the latest studies regarding innovation in urban design and planning. It shares many tips and insights about sustainable solutions for the issues facing transport systems, innovative digital technologies, and ICT trends. The book touches upon the need to integrate the three fields of Architecture, Engineering, and Technology that have become indispensable. This is intended to respond to the increasing human needs and population growth in cities on one hand and to develop a holistic approach that helps overcome challenges to sustainability and environment management on the other hand. With the power of engineering in practice, problems of design and development once considered too complex to be dealt with other than empirically, intuitively, or by trial and error, are now becoming more solvable and applicable. This book offers strategies and solutions that enable designers to bring together knowledge in the fields of architecture, engineering, and technology to overcome challenges facing in modern times. Scientific Committee Preface Acknowledgments Contents Architectural and Urban Studies 1 Integrated Design Concept for Identifiable Commercial Heritage Tourism in Tunjungan District of Surabaya City Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical and Methodological Approach 3 Result and Discussion 3.1 History of Tunjungan 3.2 Contemporary Architecture of CBD Tunjungan 3.3 Integrated Design Concept 3.3.1 Potentials of the Area to Solve the Problems 3.3.2 Design Criteria 3.3.3 Model 4 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 2 Environmental Product Declarations for Building Materials: Advantages, Limits, Developments Abstract 1 Introduction 2 The Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) and the Product Category Rules (PCR) 3 Contents of the Environmental Product Declaration and EPD Programmes 4 Methodology 5 The Case Study 6 Discussions 7 Conclusions References 3 Public–Private Partnerships in Romanian New Urban Developments—A Potential Valuable Instrument in the Privatization Era Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Romanian Context Regarding Public Facilities in New Urban Developments 3 Public–Private Partnerships Framework and Implementation in France and Poland 3.1 France 3.2 Poland 4 Recommendations for Romanian Legal and Institutional Framework 5 Conclusions References 4 Interaction of Prehistoric Heritage with Today’s Landscape: The Case Study of Arslantepe Mound in Malatya, TURKEY Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Material and Method 3 Results 3.1 Prehistoric Landscape of Arslantepe Mound and Its Surrounding Within the Scope of Archaeological Findings 3.2 Natural Landscape Values of Arslantepe Mounds Surrounding (Today) 3.3 Cultural Landscape Value of Arslantepe Mounds Surrounding (Today) 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 5 Hygromorphs: Exploring Morphologies of Architectural Adaptive Systems Using Hygroscopic Properties of Wood Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Hygroscopic Design Parameters 3 Methodology and Procedures 4 Results 4.1 Material Type 4.2 Cut Direction and Grain Orientation 4.3 Wood Thickness 4.4 Slope of Grain 4.5 Artificial Wood 4.6 Multi-layer Lamination 4.7 Dimensional Proportions 4.8 Temperature 4.9 Perforation 4.10 Shape Geometry 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion References 6 Analyzing Public Transport System in Twin Cities of Rawalpindi, Islamabad Abstract 1 Introduction 1.1 Problem Statement 1.2 Objective of the Study 1.3 Methodology 2 Different Phases of MTS in Twin Cities of Rawalpindi/Islamabad 2.1 Planning Phase 2.2 Construction Phase 2.3 Impact of Feeder Routes and Fare on BRT Ridership 3 Traffic Impact and Congestion Relief Analysis 3.1 Volume Capacity Ratio Analysis 3.2 Modal Shift 3.3 MTS Feasibility and Sustainability 4 Comparison with Under-Developing MTS in Lahore, Peshawar and Karachi 4.1 Lahore 4.2 Peshawar 4.3 Karachi 5 Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) 6 Development of MTS in Large Cities 6.1 Land Use Planning 7 Way Forward 7.1 Development of New Cities 7.2 Gradual Development of MTS in Old Cities 8 Conclusion and Recommendations 8.1 Conclusions 8.2 Future Development of This Research Work 8.3 Recommendations References 7 Assessing the Environmental Aspects of Road Network Resiliency Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Road Network Resiliency Measures 3.1 Travel Time Resiliency 3.2 Mean Speed Resiliency 3.3 Environmental Resiliency 4 Traffic Simulation 5 Results 6 Conclusion References Trends in ICT and Innovative Digital Technologies 8 Building Information Modeling on Construction Safety: A Literature Review Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 BIM as Safety Tools in Construction 3.1 BIM in Identifying Hazards as a Design for Safety (DfS) Tool 3.2 BIM as a Safety Tool for Visualization of Construction Projects 3.3 BIM and BIM Technology Incorporation Integration as a Safety Tool 4 Challenges and Research Gap 5 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 9 A Digital Twin-Based System for Smart Management of Office Spaces Abstract 1 Introduction 2 DT-Based System 2.1 BIM 2.2 Facility Management Software 2.3 IoT 2.3.1 Sensors 2.4 Application Tier 2.4.1 Booking and Feedback Modules 2.4.2 Data Analysis Module 2.4.3 Space Planning Module 3 Discussion 4 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 10 Application of Virtual Reality to Enhance the Interpretation Dong Ho Folk Paintings in Museums of Fine Arts in Ho Chi Minh City Abstract 1 Introduction 2 The Current State of Art Museums and the Museum of Fine Arts in Ho Chi Minh City 2.1 The Current State of Art Museums in Ho Chi Minh City 2.2 The Museum of Fine Arts in Ho Chi Minh City 3 Dong Ho Folk Painting. Suggestions for Visual Reality (VR), Application of an Art Exhibition in the Art Museum in HCMC, and Project Workflow 3.1 Dong Ho Folk Painting 3.2 Suggestion for Visual Reality (VR), Application of an Art Exhibition in the Art Museum in HCMC, and Project Workflow 4 Case Studies and the Structure of Space in the Virtual Museum for Exhibition, the Ho Chi Minh City Museum of Fine Arts 4.1 Case Studies of VR Exhibitions in the Museum in Europe 4.2 Explaination of the Effort in Developing of VR Environment 5 Selected Areas for V.R. Interpretation Experiment and Modeling of Characters from Dong Ho Folk Painting in the Ho Chi Minh City Museum of Fine Arts 5.1 Selected Areas for V.R. Interpretation Experiment in the Ho Chi Minh City Museum of Fine Arts 5.2 Modeling of Characters from Dong Ho Folk Painting 6 Conclusions and Future Work Acknowledgements References 11 Design a Computer Program for Sustainable Materials to Apply in Egyptian Housing Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Compare the Development of Computer Programs with the Current Program Designed 3 Research Objective 4 Methodology 4.1 Theoretical Approach 4.2 Applied Approach 5 The Relationship Between Building Materials and Architecture 6 Building Materials 6.1 Conditions of Building Materials 6.2 Construction Waste 6.3 Recycling Building Materials 6.4 The Life Cycle of Sustainable Building Materials 6.5 Plan to Apply Sustainability Standards and Use Environmentally Friendly Materials to Solve Building Problems in Egypt 7 Design a Computer Program 7.1 Designing a Simulation Program for Building Materials and Choosing the Most Suitable for Application in Housing (Inputs of the Program) 7.2 The Contents of the Program 7.3 Characteristics of the Program 7.4 The Program Structure 8 Results and Discussion: The Computer Program Interface (Phases of Using Program) 9 Conclusions 10 Recommendations Acknowledgements References 12 Digital Methods and Tools for Mapping Public–Private Partnership Opportunities and Evaluating Proposals in the Regeneration Plans of Building Assets Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Public–Private Partnership 2.1 Public and Private Subjects, Roles, Risks and Critical Issues 2.2 Preliminary Market Consultation: Effectiveness and Effects Within the PPP Process 3 Traditional Method and IT Innovative Approach 3.1 Digitalisation of the Process 3.2 Operational Proposal 3.3 Case Study. Warehouse 20, Old Port of Trieste 3.3.1 3D Survey from Points Clouds 3.3.2 BIM Model Development 3.3.3 GIS Analysis 3.4 Implementation BIM/GIS 4 First Results 5 Conclusions References 13 Evaluating the Daylighting and Energy Performance of Container Housing Systems in Coastal Regions: An Iterative Modeling Approach Abstract 1 Introduction 1.1 Aim and Objectives 1.2 Scope of the Study 1.3 Formulation of the Work Process 2 Literature Synthesis 2.1 Significance of the Coastal Resiliency 2.2 Traditional Housing Features and Coastal Housing Guidelines in Bangladesh 3 Implementation 3.1 Case Area 3.2 Parametric Cluster Formation 3.3 Simulation Performance Analysis 3.4 Automated Iteration Process for Energy Optimization 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion 5.1 Limitations of the Study 5.2 Future Scope 5.3 Practical and Theoretical Implications Acknowledgements References 14 The Application of Digital Technologies into Utilizing Urban Voids Abstract 1 Introduction 1.1 Research Methodology 2 Urban Voids Classification 3 Digital Technologies Applied in Urban Design 3.1 Virtual Reality (VR) 3.2 Augmented Reality (AR) 3.3 Collaborative Virtual Environment 3.4 Digital Media Façades 3.5 Interactive Public Displays 4 Case Study 4.1 Fresh Kills Landfill, New York City, USA 4.2 The Millennium Park, Chicago, USA 4.3 Augmented Reality Journey, Miami, USA 5 The Application of Digital Technologies to Ghamra’s Urban Void, Cairo, Egypt 6 Discussion 7 Conclusion References Systems Integration in Architecture, Engineering and Construction 15 Energy Efficiency Analysis in the Residential Sector of the Urban Area of Canton Saraguro, Ecuador Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Research Methodology 2.1 Sample Size Determination 2.2 Electric Energy Calculation 2.3 LPG Consumption Calculation of a Standard Household of Saraguro Parish 2.4 Water Consumption Measurement 2.5 Firewood Consumption Calculation of a Standard Household of Saraguro Parish 3 Analysis of Results 3.1 Number of Inhabitants Per Household Saraguro, Ecuador 3.2 Home Appliances Used in Households 3.3 Energy Efficiency Tag in Home Appliances 3.4 Type of Lighting in Households 3.5 Electric Energy Consumption According to Monthly Bill 3.6 Use of Gas Water Heater 3.7 Use of Gas Cooktops for Cooking and Water Heating 3.8 Monthly Consumption of LPG Cylinders 3.9 Use of Potable Water for Crop Irrigation 3.10 Use of Drinking Water for Car Washing 3.11 Monthly Water Consumption 3.12 Use of Firewood for Cooking and Water Heating 3.13 Monthly Firewood Consumption 3.14 Determination of the Resource with Greatest Energy Consumption 3.15 Energetic Resources Economic Expenditure 4 Energy Efficiency 5 Conclusions and Recommendations References 16 Forescast of Short-Term Energy Production in Ecuador 50 MW Huascachaca Mines Wind Farm Abstract 1 Introduction 1.1 Location 1.2 Wind Power 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Topography 2.2 Wind Data 2.2.1 Uchucay Station 2.2.2 Yuluc Station 2.3 Seasonal Curve, Wind Frequency Rose and Speed with Height 2.4 Power Curve and Coefficients 2.5 Gross and Usable Energy Results Analysis 2.6 Short-Term Analysis with Box–Jenkins Regression Method 2.6.1 Wind Speed 2.6.2 SPSS Statistical Method Tool 3 Results 4 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 17 Sustainable Architecture from Proper Recycling: Renewable Energy Integration and Housing Automation Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Case Study 2.1 Materials and Methods 2.2 Obtaining Solar Radiation Information 2.3 Panel Calculation 3 Home Automation 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Energy Supplied to the House 4.2 Finished House with Panels, Inverter, and Automation 5 Conclusions References 18 Research in Policy and Management of Urban Underground Space Utilization Abstract 1 Introduction 2 International Experience 2.1 Canada 3 Japan 4 The United States 4.1 Finland 5 Results 6 Suggestions References 19 A Chronological Exploration of Initiatives in an Automobile Cluster: A Case of Pithampur, Madhya Pradesh, India Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Pithampur: An Emerging Industrial Town 3 Chronological Development of Pithampur Automobile Cluster 3.1 Initial Years: 1984–1989 3.2 The Period of Liberalization: 1990–1999 (First Phase) 3.3 Post Liberalization: 2000–2009 (Second Phase) 3.4 2010 Onwards 4 Conclusion References 20 Implementation and Evaluation of a MLaaS for Document Classification with Continuous Deep Learning Models Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Theoretical Background 2.2 Related Work 3 Concept and Design 3.1 Serving 3.2 Pipeline 4 Evaluation 4.1 Metric 4.2 Experiment 5 Results 6 Discussion and Limitations 7 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 21 Reflections on New Urbanism at the COVID-19 Pandemic Background—Urban Health Research Abstract 1 Introduction 2 The Influence of New Urbanism on Urban Health 2.1 Overall Urban Planning 2.2 Districts 2.3 The Public Open Space and Buildings in Districts 3 Reflection on the New Urbanism Under the COVID-19 Pandemic 3.1 Urban Transportation System During Pandemic 3.2 Public Open Space During Pandemic 3.3 Architectural Design During Pandemic 4 Design Case 4.1 The Pavilion as the Information Platform 4.2 The Pavilion as Public Communication Space Meeting the Protection Requirements 4.3 The Pavilion Used for Independent Reading and Exercising 5 Conclusion References 22 Additive Formwork: Examining Design, Fabrication Space and Resolution for Bespoke Concrete Elements Abstract 1 Introduction 1.1 Research Aim 2 Background 2.1 Geometrical and Technical Limitations in Concrete Construction 2.2 State-of-the-Art in Digital Formwork 2.3 Features of Additive Formwork Manufacturing 3 Methods 3.1 Computational Modelling 3.2 Digital Tooling for Geometry and Process Optimisation 3.3 Formwork 3D Printing 3.4 Concrete Casting 4 Results and Reflection 4.1 Geometric Complexity Analysis 4.2 Fabrication Accuracy 5 Conclusion Acknowledgements References 23 Ceiling Sound Reflectors to Optimize Acoustic Performance Using Parametric Tools Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Project Context 3 Parametric and Acoustic Design 3.1 Digital Tools 3.2 Design Experiment 3.2.1 Geometry Parameterization 3.2.2 Fitness Function and Acoustic Metrics 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 The Current State of the Auditorium 4.2 Geometry Optimization of the Panels 4.3 Acoustic Performance Evaluation 5 Conclusions Acknowledgements References