Manual of Biocorrosion

Description

The Manual of Biocorrosion explains the microbiology, electrochemistry, and surface phenomena involved in biocorrosion and biofouling processes. Written primarily for non-specialists, the information in this manual is practical and offers a comprehensive look at the three components of biocorrosion: the microorganisms, the metal, and the aqueous environment. It also addresses methods for the monitoring, prevention, and control of biocorrosion. The first part of the book covers the fundamental aspects of microbiology, electrochemistry, and biofouling of metal surfaces. The second half describes biocorrosion assessment in the laboratory and the field, the main control and mitigation procedures used, practical case studies, and laboratory methods and formulations. The Manual of Biocorrosion is the book the industrial sector (water treatment plants, oil refineries, etc.) has been waiting for, providing the basics for implementing prevention, control, and mitigation procedures. In addition, it covers the latest industry trends with discussions of biocide selection, strategies for treating biocorrosion without harming the environment, and the latest monitoring programs. The academic sector will benefit as well from the up-to-date information on mechanisms and recent advances in all biocorrosion aspects and technology. Research trends such as the application of surface analysis techniques and modern electron microscopy, the use of conventional and innovative electrochemical techniques for assessment, and microbial inhibition of corrosion are all considered. Features 100 illustrations provide you with a visual understanding of the problems and techniques discussed 30 tables give you quick access to data 46 suggested readings provide references on books, conference and workshop proceedings, and special issues of scientific journals and technical publications specifically devoted to biocorrosion and biofouling 454 references offer a wide selection of up-to-date sources on specific subjects Laboratory methods and formulations provide practical information for research and field work Combination of information from a number of specialized fields presents a comprehensive view of biocorrosion Chapters contain a ''Key Features'' section that summarizes conclusions and highlights key points A glossary of terms presents easy-to-understand explanations of terms used in biocorrosion for the non-specialist Content: Cover Half Title ABOUT THE COVER Title Page Copyright Page DEDICATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AUTHOR PREFACE Table of Contents Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1. Definitions 1.2. A Brief Historical Retrospective 1.3. The Microorganisms 1.4. The Metal 1.5. The Aqueous Medium 1.6. A Present Perspective on Biocorrosion 1.7. Biodeterioration and Biodegradation 1.8. Key Features References Chapter 2: MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS 2.1. Introduction 2.2. Classification of Microorganisms 2.3. Cellular Structure 2.3.1. Cellular Size 2.3.2. Cellular Shape 2.3.3. Chemical Composition 2.3.4. Prokaryotic Cell Structure2.4. Microbial Metabolism and Nutrition 2.5. Microbial Growth 2.6. Microorganisms Related to Corrosion Processes 2.6.1. Prokaryotic Microorganisms 2.6.2. Eukaryotic Microorganisms 2.6.2.1. Fungi 2.6.2.2. Microalgae 2.7. The Role of Microorganisms in Corrosion 2.8. Key Features References Chapter 3: BIOFILMS AND BIOFOULING 3.1. Introduction 3.2. Biofouling Formation in Seawater 3.3. The Biofilm and Its Effects 3.4. The Interface and Its Effects 3.5. Classic and New Concepts on the Biofilm 3.5.1. Biofilm Structure 3.5.2. Innovative Techniques for Biofilm Observation3.6. Biofilm-Corrosion Products Interactions 3.6.1. Corrosion-Resistant Alloys 3.6.2. Intermediate Corrosion-Resistant Alloys 3.6.3. Low Corrosion-Resistant Alloys 3.7. Two Practical Cases of Biofilm/Corrosion Product Interactions 3. 7 .1. Practical Case l: South Atlantic Offshore OiI Production 3.7.2. Practical Case 2: Coastal Power Plant Cooling Water Systems 3.8. Key Features References Chapter 4: FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Basic Electrochemical Corrosion 4.2.1. Localized Corrosion 4.2.2. Passivation4.2.3. Pitting and Crevice Corrosion 4.2.4. Selective Dissolution and lntergranular Corrosion 4.2.5. Stress Corrosion Cracking and Corrosion Fatigue 4.2.6. Hydrogen Damage 4.3. Classical Mechanisms for Biocorrosion 4.4. Electrochemical Methods to Evaluate Biocorrosion: Pros and Cons 4.4.1. General Recommendations 4.4.2. Electrochemical Parameters and Techniques Used in Biocorrosion Studies 4.4.2.1. Open-Circuit Potential or Corrosion Potential 4.4.2.2. Reduction-Oxidation (Redox) Potential 4.4.2.3. Direct Current Polarization Methods 4.4.2.4. Electrical Resistance Probes4.4.2.5. Split-Cell Measurements 4.4.2.6. Alternating Current Methods 4.4.2.7. Electrochemical Noise Analysis (ENA) 4.5 Key Features References Chapter 5: CORROSION INHIBITION BY BACTERIA 5.1. Introduction 5.2. Microbial Inhibition of Corrosion: Mechanisms 5.2.1. Microbial Inhibition by Neutralizing the Effects of Corrosive Substances 5.2.2. Microbial Inhibition by Forming or Stabilizing Protective Films on a Metal Surface 5.2.3. Microbial Inhibition by Decreasing the Medium Corrosiveness 5.3. Key Features References