Imagine Math 8 - Dreaming Venice

Description

Michele Emmer, professor of Mathematics at the University of Rome "Sapienza" until 2015. Member of IVSLA - Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti, Venice. His area of interest: PDE and minimal surfaces, relationships between mathematics and arts, architecture, cinema, culture. Member since 1992 of the board of the Journal "Leonardo: art, science and technology", MIT Press. Filmmaker, author of the film series "Art and Math" distributed in many countries. He organizes since 1997 the annual conference on "Mathematics and Culture" in Venice; editor of the series "Mathematics and Culture" and “Imagine Math”, Springer-Verlag; the series "The Visual Mind", MIT press. Books: “Bolle di sapone tra arte e matematica”, 2009, Viareggio Award Best Italian essay 2010; “Numeri immaginari: cinema e matematica”, Bollati Boringhieri, 2011; This eighth volume of Imagine Math is different from all the previous ones. The reason is very clear: in the last two years, the world changed, and we still do not know what the world of tomorrow will look like. Difficult to make predictions. This volume has a subtitle Dreaming Venice. Venice, the dream city of dreams, that miraculous image of a city on water that resisted for hundreds of years, has become in the last two years truly unreachable. Many things tie this book to the previous ones. Once again, this volume also starts like Imagine Math 7, with a homage to the Italian artist Mimmo Paladino who created exclusively for the Imagine Math 8 volume a new series of ten original and unique works of art dedicated to Piero della Francesca. Many artists, art historians, designers and musicians are involved in the new book, including Linda D. Henderson and Marco Pierini, Claudio Ambrosini and Davide Amodio. Space also for comics and mathematics in a Disney key. Many applications, from Origami to mathematical models for world hunger. Particular attention to classical and modern architecture, with Tullia Iori. As usual, the topics are treated in a way that is rigorous but captivating, detailed and full of evocations. This is an all-embracing look at the world of mathematics and culture. Cover image: M. Paladino, Senza titolo, codice MP P20041 (2020) tecnica mista su tela, 120,00 x 100 cm. Incorniciata misura 104 x 124 cm. “Imagine Math 6”, Springer 2018; ”Imagine Math 7”, Springer, 2020; “Racconto Matematico” Bollati Boringhieri, 2019; M. Emmer, M. Pierini, ed. “Soap Bubbles from Vanitas to Architecture”, Exhibition, Catalogue, 16 March-9 June 2019, Galleria Nazionale Umbria, Perugia; M. Emmer, ed, Mimmo Paladino Mathematica, catalogue exhibition Venice March 2019. “Persone Racconto Russo”, to appear 2021. Marco Abate is a Full Professor of Geometry at the University of Pisa. He has written more than one hundred scientific papers and textbooks, as well as several papers on the popularization of mathematics. His interests include holomorphic dynamics, geometric function theory, differential geometry, writing (comic books and more), photography, origami, and travelling (having already visited Antarctica his next destination is the Moon). Preface Contents Editors and Contributors About the Editors Contributors Part I Homage to Mimmo Paladino 8 Works by Mimmo Paladino Mimmo Paladino Il Principio Della Prospettiva References Part II Dreaming in Venice Dreaming Venice References The Napoleonic Fresco in Palazzo Loredan, Thinkingof the Bicentennial MOSE: The Defence System to Safeguard Venice and Its Lagoon 1 Introduction 2 The Venice Lagoon 3 A Wounded Lagoon 4 A Long Story 5 Defence from Floods: Mobile Barriers at the Lagoon Inlets 6 How Do the Barriers Work 7 Recent Times 8 Since 2006 a Comparison with Other Countries Involved in Coastal Defence Part III Art and Mathematics The Rise of Abstractionism: Art and Mathematics 1 ``Breaking the Ties with the Concrete and Tangible'' 2 Italian Mathematicians Contribute to Construct a European Culture 2.1 Felice Casorati 2.2 Eugenio Beltrami 3 From Edgard Degas to Shigefumi Mori References Aestheticizing an Einsteinian World: The Idea of Space-Time in Russian Literary Theory and in Art Criticism 1 The Chronotope in Literary Theory and Beyond: Bakhtin 2 The Icon as a Chronotope: Florensky 3 Conclusion References Cagli, Olson, Coxeter References A Fault in the Order: Thoughts on Frayed Strings 1 Poems for Collapse from COVID 2 A Thread for Two The Multivalent Fourth Dimension and the Impact of Claude Bragdon's A Primer of Higher Space on Twentieth and Twenty-First Century Art References “Where Natural Law Holds No Sway”: Geometrical Optics and Divine Light in Dante, Michelangelo, and Raphael 1 Dante and the Limits of Optics 2 Michelangelo and Raphael: Painted Light References On the Classification and Recording of Colours According to the Methods of the Painter Adolfo Ferraris: A Brief Note References Colored Figurative Tilings in Pre-Incan Textiles 1 Introduction and Preliminaries 2 Pattern A 3 Pattern B 4 Pattern C 5 Pattern D 6 Patterns a, b, c, and d Woven in Other Techniques 6.1 Pattern a 6.2 Pattern b 6.3 Pattern c 6.4 Pattern d 7 Conclusion References The Artistic (and Practical) Utility of Hyperspace 1 Hypercubes Tessellated 2 Planar Rotations 3 Slices Vs. Projections 4 Fat Topology 5 Quasicrystals 6 Something from Nothing 7 Shape Shifting in the 1970s Appendix 1 Bibliography From Vision to Perception: Chardin's Eighteenth Century Cultural and Scientific Approach to Painting (and Soap Bubbles) 1 Conclusion: From the Objective Sharp Vision to a Human Perceptive Experience References Part IV Architecture and Mathematics Andrea Palladio and Zaha Hadid 1 Palladio, Villa Malcontenta 2 Venezia, Mostra Internazionale Di Architettura, 2008 3 Conclusions Addendum References Sergio Musmeci and the Calculation of the Form 1 The First Experiences 2 Networks of Beams 3 Equicompressed Minimal Surfaces 4 Equi-Stressed Surfaces 5 The Nameless Shape Bridge References Twenty Years of Il Giardino di Archimede Part V Design and Mathematics The Multifaceted Abraham Sharp 1 Introduction 2 Abraham Sharp's Life and Work 3 Sharp's Boxwood Polyhedra Models 4 The “Sharpohedron” 5 Conclusion: Sharp the Artist References Learning by Metadesigning 1 Introduction by Giordano Bruno 2 The Projects 2.1 Raphaël 2.2 Paròla 2.3 Ápeiron - ἄπεo 2.4 Koi 2.5 Caustics 2.6 Tangle 2.7 Mutaforma 2.8 / Dis-còrde / 2.9 Tensioni References Part VI Homage to Roger Penrose A Little Homage to Roger Penrose 1 M. C. Escher and Penrose 2 Penrose and Quasi-Crystals References Part VII Mathematics and Physics Identity and Difference: How Topology Helps to Understand Quantum Indiscernibility 1 Introduction 2 Old Puzzles 3 Quantum Abandon of Individuality 4 Superpositions, Interferences and Phases 5 Feynman's Paths 6 Where the Topological Properties Come From 7 Permutations and Braids References Physics in a Small Bedroom 1 Physics Teaching and Research in the Time of the Covid Pandemic 2 Toying with Hard Spheres 3 Playing with Soft Bubbles 4 Colours Brighten up a Dull Day 5 Putting a Spin on the Lock-in 6 Return to the Lab References Part VIII Mathematics and Applications The Train of Artificial Intelligence 1 AI Is Everywhere 2 AI Origins and Developments 3 Machine Learning and Training 4 Looking for a Clapperboard via AI 4.1 Experiments 5 Conclusions References Origami and Fractal Solutions of Differential Systems 1 A Mathematical Origami from the Analytic Point of View 2 The Fractal Nature of the Solutions of the Dirichlet Problem 3 A Strategy to Solve the Differential Problem 4 The Dirichlet Problem with Non-homogeneous Boundary Condition References The Tangled Allure of Recursion 1 Tower of Hanoi 2 Anagrams 3 Visual Recursion 4 Sierpiński Triangle 5 Natural Shapes 6 3D 7 Alexander's Horned Sphere References Desert Locusts: Can Mathematical Models Help to Control Them? 1 From Outbreaks to Plagues 2 Impacts 3 Current Situation 4 Controls/Programmes 5 Models and Data 6 Conclusions References Part IX Literature and Mathematics Soul Searchin' 1 The Algebraic Playground Disclaimer Reference Geometric Metaphors and Linguistic Genealogy 1 Similarities and Differences Among Languages 2 Trees and Waves in the Representation of the Relationships Between Languages: From the Discrete to the Continuous 3 Stairways, Chains, and Ropes: From the Continuous to the Discrete References A Mathematical Physicist in Hell 1 The Pure Tuscan Language 2 The Intervals Between the Skies 3 For a Few Reasons of Our Own 4 A Line That Leads Naturally Towards the Centre 5 In Search of the Size of a Giant 6 By Inviting Him to Press the Pace 7 …to Give Others the Opportunity to Interfere so Much More… Annex 1 The Volume of Hell Annex 2 Gravity in Hell References footlnk::333! Don't Tell Me the Cybersecurity Moon Is Shining… 1 Show, Don't Tell! 2 Show and Tell 3 Cybersecurity Show and Tell 3.1 ``Yes, I Am a Criminal. My Crime Is that of Curiosity. I Am a Hacker, and This Is My Manifesto.'' Hackers 3.2 ``I Have Said Enough to Convince You that Ciphers of This Nature Are Readily Soluble.'' TheGoldBug 3.3 ``I'm in a Secret Club.'' Peppa 3.4 ``I'm Spartacus!'' Spartacus 4 Conclusions References Part X Music and Mathematics Sounds, Numbers and Other Fancies 1 Invisible Polyphony 2 Natural Counterpoint 3 Ghost Notes 4 Converging and Diverging Forms 5 Space Translation 6 Time References Euler and MusicMusing Euler's Identity 1 Introduction 2 Euler and Music 3 Euler Seen by an Eighteenth-Century Musician 4 Musing the Euler Equation: From Equation to Counterpoint 5 Euler's Equation 6 The Number of Napier as a Musical Theme and Sine and Cosine as a Mutation of a Musical Canon Further Reading The Shapes of Violin 1 From Fidula to Violin 2 Echoes from Ancient World 3 The Elegance of Scroll 4 Straightedge and Compass Construction 5 Acoustic Surfaces 6 Conclusions Iconographic References References Part XI Women and Mathematics Women, Academia, Math: An Ephemeral Golden Braid 1 Introduction 2 Two Faces of an Old Problem: The Leaky Pipeline and the Glass Ceiling 3 A New Problem: The Glass Door 4 Good Practices and Affirmative Actions for the General Public References Women in Charge of Mathematics References Part XII Comics and Mathematics Without Title 2012 –2021: A Comics&Science Experience Is Math Useful? Introduction 1 Is Math Useful? 2 How Is Math Used in War Time? 3 How Can Pure Math be Useful? 3.1 Number Theory and Cryptography 3.1.1 Number Theory 3.1.2 Cryptography 3.1.3 Number Theory and Cryptography 3.2 Radon-Nikodym Antitransformation and Computed Axial Tomography 4 Why Politicians Should Know Math? 4.1 Education System in the US, Covid-19 Death Toll and Simpson's Paradox 5 How Do Politicians Use Math? 5.1 Paradoxes of Elections 6 Is Math Useful to Me? 7 Is Math Usefulness Relevant to Learners? 8 Is Math Popularization Useful?: A Math Popularizer's Apology Figures and acknowledgements References