The Chemistry And Biology Of Beta-lactams

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Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page About the Author Table of Contents Abbreviations Acknowledgments Preface 1. β-Lactams and Antibiotics 1.1 Brief Introduction 1.2 Penicillin Antibiotics 1.3 Cephalosporin Antibiotics 1.4 Carbapenem Antibiotics 1.5 Monobactam Antibiotics 1.6 Clavam Antibiotics 1.7 Miscellaneous β-Lactam Antibiotics Keywords References 2. Antimicrobial Activity of β-Lactams and Bacterial Resistance 2.1 Brief Introduction of Bacteria 2.2 Nomenclature and Classification of Bacteria 2.3 Antibacterial Mechanism 2.4 Resistance of Antibacterial Activity 2.5 Mechanisms for Antibiotics Resistance 2.6 β-Lactamases Databases 2.7 Other Biological Activities of β-Lactams Keywords References 3. Synthetic Methods of β-Lactams 3.1 Brief Introduction 3.2 Formation of β-Lactams Through Cycloadditions 3.3 Intramolecular Substitutive Cyclization 3.4 Enzymatic Synthesis of β-Lactams 3.5 Miscellaneous Methods Keywords References 4. Reactions of β-Lactams 4.1 Brief Introduction 4.2 Cleavage of the Amide Bond of β-Lactams 4.3 Preparation of Polyamides 4.4 Application in the Synthesis of Unnatural α-Amino Acid Derivatives and Relating Peptides 4.5 Nucleophilic Substitution on C3 or C4 4.6 Cleavage of C3-C4 Bond 4.7 Cleavage of N1-C4 Bond 4.8 Function at N1 Keywords References Index