The Survival of Empire: Portuguese Trade and Society in China and the South China Sea, 1630 - 1754

Description

In this original study of the Portuguese Empire in the East, the Estado da India, George Souza looks in detail at the activities of Macao. His aim is to enquire into the nature of Portuguese society in China and the South China Sea and explain why the political and economic activities of the Portuguese crown did not inhibit the growth of local entrepreneurial trade. He also examines the nature of Portuguese maritime trade in Asia and analyses the focal role of Macao as an adjunct to the Canton market. The operations of Portuguese private merchants, the so-called 'country traders', are described and tellingly assessed in the wider context of the economic development of China and Southeast Asia in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Half-title Title Copyright Dedication Contents List of figures, maps and tables Glossary Notes on spelling and currency, weights and measures Preface 1 Maritime trade in Asia THE MARITIME TRADING WORLD OF CHINA TRADITION, GEOGRAPHY AND OFFICIAL ATTITUDES PARTICIPANTS, SUPPLIES AND DEMAND THE MARITIME TRADING WORLD OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA 2 Imperial foundations: the Estado da India and Macao THE PORTUGUESE AND THE TRADING WORLD OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA THE PORTUGUESE AND THE TRADING WORLD OF CHINA THE ESTADO DA INDIA AND MACAO THE CAPITAO-MOR CAPITAO-GERAL ADMINISTRADORES DA VIAGEM DE JAPAO E MANILA OUVIDOR PADROADO SENADO DA CAMARA SANTA CASA DA MISERICORDIA 3 Population, personalities, and communal power THE DEMOGRAPHY OF MACAO EARLY PIONEER AND COMMERCIAL GIANT: BARTHOLOMEU VAZLANDEIRO SHARP MERCHANT AND RECIPIENT OF CROWN PATRONAGE: ANTONIO FIALHO FERREIRA STALWART COMMUNAL AND CROWN SERVANT: PERO VAZ DE SIQUEIRA 4 Country traders and Crown monopoly JAPAN RAW SILK GOLD SILVER AND COPPER THE PANCADA, SILK AND SILVER MANILA FEARS, CONTRACTS AND IBERIAN CO-OPERATION SALTPETRE, SLAVES AND COTTONS SILK, SILVER AND QUEVEES JUNKS, GALIOTAS AND SPANISH OFFICIALS 5 Merchants and markets MACASSAR'S RISE AND THE PORTUGUESE RECOVERY MACASSAR, POLITICAL CHANGES IN THE MALAY WORLD AND THE ESTADO DA INDIA THE PORTUGUESE IN THE LESSER SUNDA ISLANDS BANTAM 6 Country traders and the search for markets BANJARMASIN TEA PEPPER CINNAMON AND SILVER MALABAR 7 Imperial relations: Macao and the Estado da India PORTUGUESE COUNTRY TRADING AND FINANCIAL METHODS COUNTRY-TRADER AND MUNICIPAL FINANCES IN CHINA THE PADROADO AND COUNTRY-TRADER FINANCES 8 Imperial survival: Sino-Portuguese relations from Ming to Ch'ing 9 Macao, Companies and country traders: the other Europeans in China 10 Conclusion List of abbreviations and notes Bibliography Index