Societies, social inequalities and marginalization : marginal regions in the 21st century

Description

This book provides an overview of marginality or marginalization, as a concept, characterizing a situation of impediments – social, political, economic, physical, and environmental – that impact the abilities of many people and societies to improve their human condition. It examines a wide range of examples and viewpoints of societies struggling with poverty, social inequality and marginalization. Though the book will be especially interesting for those looking for insights into the situation and position of ethnic groups living in harsh mountainous conditions in the Himalayan region, examples from other parts of the world such as Kyrgyzstan, Israel, Switzerland and Finland provide an opportunity for comparison of marginality and marginalization from around the world. Also addressed are issues such as livelihood, outmigration and environmental threats, taking into account the conditions, scale and perspective of observation. Throughout the text, particular attention is given to the context and concept of ‘marginalization’, which sadly remains a persistent reality of human life. It is in this context that this book seeks to advance our global understanding of what marginalization is, how it is manifested and what causes it, while also proposing remedial strategies. Front Matter ....Pages i-xix Introduction (Raghubir Chand, Etienne Nel, Stanko Pelc)....Pages 1-9 Front Matter ....Pages 11-11 Marginality and Marginalization (Stanko Pelc)....Pages 13-28 Poverty and Global Warming: An Example of the Kyrgyz Republic (Asylbek A. Aidaraliev)....Pages 29-39 Socio-economic Wellbeing and Mental Health Profile of Rural Hill Women of Uttarakhand, India (Lata Pande, Jyoti Tiwari, Chhavi Arya)....Pages 41-51 The Status of Marginalized Women Tea Garden Workers in the Mountain Ecosystem of Darjeeling in a Globalised Village (Moushumi Datta)....Pages 53-70 Level of Socio-economic Development in the Mountain Watershed of Uttarakhand State (India) (Savita Chauniyal, Devi Datt Chauniyal)....Pages 71-88 The Tales of Origin and Settling Process of Marginal Societies in Bhutan (Aditi Chand)....Pages 89-97 Front Matter ....Pages 99-99 Consequences of the Ottoman Land Law: Agrarian and Privatization Processes in Palestine, 1858–1918 (Ruth Kark)....Pages 101-119 Negev Bedouin and Indigenous People: A Comparative Review (Havazelet Yahel, Ruth Kark, Seth Frantzman)....Pages 121-144 Changing Identity, Livelihood and Biodiversity of Indigenous Communities in the Eastern Himalaya with Special Reference to Aka Tribe (Gibji Nimasow, R. C. Joshi)....Pages 145-160 The Changing Socio-economic Profile of the Shaukas and Rangs Vis-à-Vis Loss of Agro-Diversity, and Yartsa Gunbu: A Case Study of the Askote Conservation Landscape, District Pithoragarh, Kumaun Himalaya (Chandra Singh Negi)....Pages 161-177 Brokpa Yak Herders of Bhutan: A Study in Pastoral Livelihood Patterns, Transhumance and “Drukor” (Raghubir Chand)....Pages 179-197 Occupational Diversification and Changing Marginality Conditions of Brokpas of Bhutan in Twenty First Century (Raghubir Chand)....Pages 199-211 Socio-cultural and Nutritional Environment of a Marginal Community of Uttarakhand, India—A Case Study of the Tharu Tribe (B. R. Pant, Surendra Pal)....Pages 213-231 Front Matter ....Pages 233-233 Similarity of the Spatial Patterns of Net Migration and Unemployment in Finland (Olli Lehtonen, Markku Tykkyläinen)....Pages 235-254 Regional Pattern of Migration Flows in Uttarakhand, India (R. C. S. Taragi, Raghubir Chand)....Pages 255-270 Front Matter ....Pages 271-271 Tourism in the Swiss Alps: The Human Factor in Local Development (Walter Leimgruber)....Pages 273-287 Garhwal Himalaya—Potential of Cash Crops in Attaining Food Security and Enhancing Livelihoods—Khanda Gad Watershed Case Study (Vishwambhar Prasad Sati)....Pages 289-299 Back Matter ....Pages 301-311