Endoscopic Craniosynostosis Surgery: An Illustrated Guide to Endoscopic Techniques

Description

Destined to be the definitive reference in this complex surgical area, Endoscopic Craniosynostosis Surgery is the first single resource to offer complete coverage of techniques, outcomes, complications, and results when treating patients with craniosynostosis endoscopically. Dr. David F. Jimenez, a pioneer in the field who has developed minimally invasive endoscopic surgeries to treat very young infants with this condition, provides all appropriate data and detailed guidance on every aspect of the management of craniosynostosis using endoscopic techniques.Covers the surgical management of every type of single suture synostosis as well as multiple and complex synostosis. Presents surgical techniques in depth, with a complete review of short- and long-term outcomes and results. Provides detailed information on patient anesthesia and how to set up the operating room for surgery. Includes detailed descriptions of helmets and their management. Features hundreds of radiographs, clinical photos, and procedural illustrations, as well as procedural videos. Discusses complication avoidance, provides surgical pearls throughout, and supplies patient information online. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access bonus images plus all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices. COVER Endoscopic Craniosynostosis Surgery: An Illustrated Guide to Endoscopic Techniques Copyright Dedication Contributors Acknowledgment Video Table of Contents 1 - The History and Evolution of Craniosynostosis Surgery Early Descriptions of Cranial Morphology and Cranial Sutures Early Insight into Calvarial Growth and Craniosynostosis Advancement of Surgical Concepts Development of Neuroendoscopy and Endoscopy-Assisted Craniectomy 2 - The Evaluation, Correction, and Prevention of Pathologic Facial Development Secondary to Craniosynostosis Pathogenesis of Abnormal Facial Development Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis Sagittal Synostosis Clinical Findings Cranial Findings Facial Findings Intracranial Pressure Findings Developmental Findings Radiological Findings Facial Analysis Sagittal Synostosis (Fig. 2.2A–E) Surgical Options Endoscopic Versus Open Required Facial Surgeries Metopic Synostosis Clinical Findings Cranial Findings Facial Findings Developmental Findings Radiological Findings Facial Analysis Metopic Synostosis (Fig. 2.3A–E) Surgical Options Endoscopic Versus Open Required Facial Surgeries Unilateral Coronal Synostosis Clinical Findings Cranial Findings Facial Findings Intracranial Pressure Findings Developmental Findings Radiological Findings Facial Analysis Unilateral Coronal Synostosis ( Fig. 2.5A–E) Surgical Options Endoscopic Versus Open Correction of Facial Deformities Prevention and Summary Nonsyndromic Bilateral Coronal Synostosis Clinical Findings Cranial findings Facial findings Intracranial Pressure Findings Developmental Findings Radiological Findings Facial Analysis Nonsyndromic Bicoronal Synostosis (Fig. 2.8A–E) Surgical Options Endoscopic Versus Open Correction of Facial Deformities Prevention and Summary Unilateral Lambdoid Synostosis Clinical Findings Cranial Findings Facial Findings Intracranial Pressure Findings Developmental Findings Radiological Findings • Fig. 2. 9 Facial Analysis Lambdoid Synostosis (Fig. 2.11A–E) Surgical Options Endoscopic Versus Open Prevention and Summary Bilateral Lambdoid Synostosis Clinical Findings Cranial Findings Facial findings Intracranial Pressure Findings Developmental Findings • Fig. 2. 12 • Fig. 2. 13 Anchor 363 • Fig. 2. 13cont’d Radiological Findings Facial Analysis Bilateral Lambdoid and Sagittal Synostosis (Fig. 2.13A–G) Surgical Options Endoscopic Versus Open Correction of Facial Deformities Prevention and Summary Facial Development in Syndromic Craniosynostosis Apert Syndrome Crouzon Syndrome Pfeiffer Syndrome Muenke Syndrome (MS) Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome Correction of Associated Deformities Recommended Operating Times Summary 3 - Background and Management Principles Epidemiology and Other General Facts Brain Growth and Timing of Surgery Postoperative Orthosis Therapy Postoperative Management Conclusion 4 - Perioperative Logistics Introduction Diagnostic Imaging Diagnostic Labs Ophthalmologic Evaluation Anthropometric Evaluation Surgical Set-Up Surgical Instrumentation Endoscopes Lighted Retractor Bone Cutting Scissors/Tools Specialized Instrumentation Endoscopic Bipolar Units Conclusion 5 - The Role of the Nurse in Endoscopic Craniosynostosis Surgery Introduction Making the Diagnosis Websites The Endoscopic-Assisted Procedure Preoperative Preparation Preoperative Clinic Visit Insurance Postoperative Care Conclusion 6 - Anesthesia Management Introduction Preoperative Evaluation and Assessment Positioning Issues Preoperative Preparation Anesthetic Management Venous Air Embolism End of Case Issues Conclusion 7 - Ophthalmic Complications of Craniosynostosis and the Impact of Endoscopic Repair Introduction Refractive Errors and Amblyopia Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis Syndromic Craniosynostosis Strabismus Possible Mechanisms of Strabismus in Craniosynostosis Absence or Dysgenesis of Extraocular Muscles Excyclorotation of Recti Muscles Retropositioning of Trochlea Other Theories Patterns and Management of Strabismus in Craniosynostosis Papilledema and Optic Neuropathy Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis Syndromic Craniosynostosis Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Optic Neuropathy Detecting Optic Neuropathy in Craniosynostosis: Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT), Visual Field Testing, and... Exposure Keratopathy Anterior Segment Anomalies Ptosis and Lid Anomalies Hypotelorism Impact of Endoscopic Repair on Ophthalmic Outcomes in Children with Unicoronal Synostosis 8 - Sagittal Craniosynostosis Introduction Patient Positioning Incisions Procedure Subgaleal Dissection Osteotomies Epidural Dissection Paramedian Osteotomies Osseous Hemostasis Closure Results Conclusion 9 - Unicoronal Craniosynostosis Introduction Positioning Incision Procedure Osteotomy Results Conclusion 10 - Metopic Craniosynostosis Introduction Positioning Incision Osteotomy Electric Rasp Closure Results 11 - Nonsyndromic Bicoronal Craniosynostosis Introduction Imaging Patient Positioning Incisions Osteotomies Postoperative Management Postoperative Orthosis Therapy Results Conclusion 12 - Bicoronal Syndromic Craniosynostosis Introduction Common Presentations of Syndromic Synostosis Literature Review Endoscopic Suturectomy and Helmet Therapy Outcomes Complications Advantages Clinical Follow-Up Conclusion 13 - Lambdoid Craniosynostosis Introduction Clinical Presentation Diagnostic Radiology Patient Positioning Incisions Subgaleal Dissection Osteotomies Results Conclusion 14 - Multiple Suture Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis Introduction Sagittal and Coronal Synostosis Positioning Incisions Osteotomies Results Coronal and Metopic Incisions Osteotomies Results Bilateral Lambdoid Synostosis Position Incisions Osteotomies Results Bilambdoid and Sagittal Synostosis Position Incisions Osteotomies Results Sagittal and Metopic Synostosis Position Incisions Osteotomies Results Conclusion 15 - Postoperative Cranial Orthotic Therapy Introduction to Cranial Remolding Programs Influence of Infant Age at Time of Surgery Postoperative CRO Indications/Recommendations CRO Contraindications Postoperative CRO Program CRO Design Specifications Scanning Procedures Postoperative Orthotic Designs Trim Lines Side-Opening, Bivalve and Living Hinge Designs Materials Modifications Fabrication and Manufacturing Specific Suture Involvements: Sagittal, Metopic, and Coronal Sagittal Synostosis Metopic Synostosis Unicoronal Synostosis Bilateral Coronal and Bilateral Lambdoid Synostoses Other Synostoses Orthotic Treatment Program Preoperative Procedures Postoperative Procedures Initial Fitting Caregiver Education Modifications Follow-Up Duration of Orthotic Treatment Program Consecutive CROs Compliance Complications/Adverse Events Anthropometric Measurements and Scanning Technology Clinical Outcomes Regression After CRO Treatment Conclusion 16 - Complications and Avoidance Introduction Dural Tears Avoidance Pearls/Tips Infections Avoidance Pearls/Tips Skin Rash/Dermatitis Scalp Burns Avoidance Pearls/Tips Pseudomeningocele Avoidance Pearls/Tips Cranial Defects Avoidance Pearls/Tips Deaths Conclusion 17 - Final Thoughts and Conclusions Practical Observations Neurocognitive Issues The Ultimate Case Conclusion