Knowledge Development in Nursing: Theory and Process

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Front Cover Knowledge Development in Nursing: Theory and Process Copyright Page Preface Reviewers Table of Contents 1 Nursing’s Fundamental Patterns of Knowing The Knowing Patterns An Illustration Of The Patterns Of Knowing Knowing and Knowledge Overview of Nursing’s Patterns of Knowing Emancipatory Knowing: The Praxis of Nursing Ethical Knowing: The Moral Component of Nursing Personal Knowing: The Self and Other of Nursing Aesthetic Knowing: The Art of Nursing Empiric Knowing: The Science of Nursing Knowledge Development Processes: An Integrated Model Now That You Know the Basics Why Develop Nursing’s Patterns Of Knowing? Conclusion Learning Feature Case Study 1 Initial Problem, Empiric Case Study 2 Initial Problem, Personal Case Study 3 Initial Problem, Ethical Case Study 4 Initial Problem, Aesthetic Case Study 5 Initial Problem, Emancipatory Study Questions References 2 Historical Contexts of Knowledge Development in Nursing From Antiquity to Nightingale Nightingale’s Legacy From Nightingale to Science Loss of the Nightingale Ideal The Entrenchment Of Apprenticeship Learning Persistence of Nursing Ideals Knowing Patterns in the Early Literature Emancipatory Knowledge And Knowing Ethical Knowledge And Knowing Personal Knowledge And Knowing Aesthetic Knowledge And Knowing Empiric Knowledge And Knowing The Emergence of Nursing as a Science Early Trends in the Development of Nursing Science Use Of Theories Borrowed From Other Disciplines Development Of Philosophies And Conceptual Frameworks That Define Nursing Metalanguage of Nursing Conceptual Frameworks Nursing The Person Society And Environment Health Development of Middle-Range Practice-Linked Theory Trends in Knowledge Development The Move To Blended And Intersectional Methods Interpretive And Critical Approaches Poststructuralist Approaches Deconstruction And Postmodernism Clinical Application and Production of Knowledge Evidence-Informed Practice Practice-Based Evidence And Translational Research Emergence Of The Practice Doctorate Contexts of Knowledge Development Conclusion Learning Feature Study Questions References 3 Emancipatory Knowing and Knowledge Development The Concept of Emancipatory Knowing The “Hegemony” Problem The Dimensions of Emancipatory Knowledge Development Critical Questions Creative Processes Creative Processes: Activism as Method Integrating Creative Processes and the Fundamental Patterns of Knowing Formal Expressions of Emancipatory Knowing Now That You Know the Basics Nursing’s Early Literature Related to Emancipatory Knowing 1980s Activism Background Literature Influencing the Emergence of “Emancipatory Knowing” as a Concept Philosophic Foundations of Emancipatory Knowing: Critical Theory Influence of Liberation Theory and Theology Influence of Critical Feminism Influence of Critical Poststructuralism Influence of Other Contemporary Lines of Thought Summary of Critical Approaches to Knowledge Development Emancipatory Knowing, Problem Solving, Critical Thinking, and Reflective Practice: Differences and Similarities Emancipatory Knowing and Problem Solving Emancipatory Knowing and Critical Thinking Emancipatory Knowing and Reflective Practice Conclusion Learning Feature Case Study: Cathy Sutton: Setting up Practice as a Family Nurse Practitioner Study Questions References 4 Ethical Knowledge Development Ethics, Morality, and Nursing Ethics Morality Interrelationship of Morality And Ethics Nursing’s Focus on Ethics and Morality Dimensions of Ethical Knowledge Development Critical Questions Creative Processes: Clarifying Values and Exploring Alternatives Clarifying Values Exploration of Alternatives Values Clarification and Exploration of Alternatives Using Ethical Decision Trees Formal Expressions of Ethical Knowing: Principles and Codes Now That You Know the Basics Overview of Ethical Perspectives Teleology and Deontology Relativism Virtue Ethics Conclusion Learning Feature Case Study: Penny Thompson: Geriatric Nurse Managing Charlie and Agnes Miller Study Questions References 5 Personal Knowledge Development Personal Knowing in Nursing Dimensions of Personal Knowing Critical Questions: Do I Know What I Do? Do I Do What I Know? Creative Processes: Opening and Centering Opening and Centering Practices: Journaling and Meditation Formal Expressions of Personal Knowing: Personal Stories and the Genuine Self Now That You Know the Basics Personal Knowing as Spiritual in Nature Personal Knowing as Self-in-Relation Personal Knowing as Discovery of the Self and the Other Personal Knowing as Unknowing Summary: Common Meanings for Personal Knowing Conclusion Learning Feature Dennis Daniels: Intensive Care Nurse Caring for Wynton Thomas Study Questions References 6 Aesthetic Knowledge Development Before You Get to the Basics Art and Aesthetics The Nature Of Aesthetics The Nature of Art Art and Aesthetics in Nursing Conceptual Definitions of the Art of Nursing Grasping Meaning During Patient Encounters Establishing a Meaningful Connection With the Person Being Cared For Skillfully Performing Nursing Activities Rationally Determining an Appropriate Course of Action Morally Conducting One’s Nursing Practice The Basics Aesthetic Knowing in Nursing The Dimensions of Aesthetic Knowing Critical Questions: What Does This Mean? How Is It Significant? Creative Processes: Envisioning and Rehearsing Creating and Recreating Storylines Creating and Developing Embodied Synchronous Movement Rehearsal and Engaging a Connoisseur-Critic Formal Expressions of Aesthetic Knowing: Criticism and Works of Art Now That You Know the Basics Rationality in Aesthetics Conclusion Learning Feature Case Study: Lance Barker: Psychiatric Management for Janet Gooder’s Anxiety Study Questions References 7 Empiric Knowledge Development Empiric Knowing: A Caring Encounter With Noah Dimensions of Empiric Knowledge Development Critical Questions: What is this? How does it work? Creative processes: Conceptualizing and Structuring The Nature of Concepts and Conceptual Meaning Methods for Creating Conceptual Meaning Sources of Evidence Exemplar Case Definitions Visual Images Popular and ClassicAL Literature Music and Poetry Professional Literature Anecdotal Accounts and Opinions Testing Your Criteria Contrary Cases Related Cases Borderline Cases Exploring Contexts and Values Formulating Criteria for Concepts Creative Processes: Structuring Empiric Knowledge Structuring Empiric Theory Identifying and Defining Concepts Identifying Assumptions Clarifying the Context Designing Relationship Statements Empiric Knowledge Forms Other Than Theory Now That You Know the Basics Conclusion Learning Feature Case Study: Mr. Baker Study Questions References 8 Description and Critical Reflection of Empiric Theory What Is This? The Description of Theory What Is the Purpose of This Theory? What Are the Concepts of This Theory? What Are the Definitions in This Theory? What Are the Relationships in This Theory? What Is the Structure of This Theory? What Are the Assumptions in This Theory? Forming a Complete Description How Does It Work? The Critical Reflection of Theory How Clear Is This Theory? Semantic Clarity Semantic Consistency Structural Clarity Structural Consistency How Simple Is This Theory? How General Is This Theory? How Accessible Is This Theory? How Important Is This Theory? Forming a Complete Critical Reflection When Are Thorough Description and Critical Reflection Important? Conclusion Learning Feature Case Study 1: The Clothesline, Anna, and Mrs. Vance Case Study 2: Support: Narrative Characterization Study Questions References 9 Knowledge Authentication Processes Authenticating Emancipatory Knowledge: Demonstrating Sustainability, Empowerment, Social Equity, and Demystification Authenticating Ethical Knowledge: Dialogue and Justification Authenticating Personal Knowledge: Response and Reflection Authenticating Aesthetic Knowledge: Appreciation and Inspiration Authenticating Empiric Knowledge: Confirmation and Validation Refining Concepts and Relationships Identifying Empiric Indicators Empirically Grounding Emerging Relationships Validating Relationships Using Traditional Empiric Methods Developing Sound Validation Research Authentication and the Whole of Nursing Knowledge Conclusion Learning Feature Case Study: Cho Hee’s Dissertation Study Questions References 10 Integrated Expression of Knowledge in Practice Patterns Gone Wild Integration of Knowledge With a Focus on Emancipatory Knowing: Praxis Integration of Knowledge With a Focus on Ethics: Moral/Ethical Comportment Integration of Knowledge With a Focus on Personal Knowing: Therapeutic Use of Self Integration of Knowledge With a Focus on Aesthetics: Transformative Art/Acts Integration of Knowledge With a Focus on Empirics: Scientific Competence Conclusion Learning Feature Case Study: Sam Study Questions References 11 Strengthening the Discipline Conceptualizing Your Practice in Relation to Disciplinary Knowledge Goal Congruence: Are your practice goals and the goals embedded in nursing’s formal expressions of knowledge congruent? Context: are the Contexts Embodied in Nursing Knowledge Congruent with Your Practice Situation? Concepts and assumptions: Is there or might there be similarity between the concepts and assumptions as expressed in nursin ... Sufficiency: Are Formal Expressions Sufficient as a Basis for Nursing Action? Integration of Knowledge and Evidence-Informed Practice Quality Care and Knowledge Integration Scientific Competence of Nurses Functional Outcomes Nurse Satisfaction Quality of Care Perceived by those who Receive Care It Takes a Village Educators and Educational Considerations Administration and Administrative Considerations Policymaking and Community Organizing Conclusion Learning Feature Case Study: Dan Price Study Questions References Appendix A: Interpretive Summary: Examples of Broad Theoretic Frameworks Defining the Scope, Philosophy, and General Characteristics ... References Appendix B: Additional Learning Features Chapter 1: Nursing’s Fundamental Patterns of Knowing Chapter 2: Historical Contexts of Knowledge Development in Nursing Case Study: Dorothea Dix, 1802–1887 Chapter 3: Emancipatory Knowing and Knowledge Development Case Study: Carmela Lopez: Concerned About School Activity Fees Chapter 4: Ethical Knowledge Development Chapter 5: Personal Knowledge Development Guide for Intentional Journaling Centering Opening Journaling Integrating Affirming Returning Case Study: Audre Lorde writing her book The Cancer Journals Chapter 6: Aesthetic Knowledge Development Case Study: Laura Smith Caring for Jose Rodriquez Chapter 7: Empiric Knowledge Development Complete the following exercise: Creating a Concept and Exploring Conceptual Dimensions Case Study: Support Additional Activity Chapter 8: Description and Critical Reflection of Empriric Theory Chapter 9: Knowledge Authentication Processes Case 1: Authenticating Emancipatory Knowledge: Carson Case 2: Authenticating Ethical Knowledge: James Case 3: Authenticating Personal Knowledge: Christina Case 4: Authenticating Aesthetic Knowledge: Zane Case 5: Authenticating Empiric Knowledge: Dementia Caregiving Chapter 10: Integrated Expression of Knowledge in Practice Chapter 11: Strengthening the Discipline Glossary Index