The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property

Description

Title Page......Page 3 Copyright Page......Page 4 Contents......Page 5 Table of Cases......Page 17 Table of Legislation......Page 20 Table of Abbreviations Used in this Work......Page 66 Introduction......Page 71 Acknowledgements......Page 86 Part I: Origins of the Paris Convention......Page 89 Introduction......Page 90 Of Exhibitions and International Unions......Page 91 Patents for invention......Page 93 Unfair competition......Page 98 Patents......Page 100 Designs and models......Page 104 Trade marks and trade names......Page 105 Other rights......Page 107 Introduction......Page 118 Bilateral Treaties and Agreements......Page 119 Provisional protection at international exhibitions......Page 122 Getting serious—the Vienna Patent Congress 1873......Page 124 Further meetings: the Paris Congress 1878......Page 128 Concluding Comments......Page 139 Introduction......Page 149 Preparing the Way......Page 150 The First Diplomatic Conference......Page 152 The Second Diplomatic Conference 1883......Page 158 Part II: Development and Growth of the Paris System......Page 165 Introduction......Page 166 The First Revision Conference: Rome 1886......Page 167 The Second Revision Conference: Madrid 1890......Page 172 The Third Revision Conference: Brussels 1897 and 1900......Page 175 The Fourth Revision Conference: Washington 1911......Page 178 The Fifth Conference of Revision: The Hague 1925......Page 180 The Sixth Revision Conference: London 1934......Page 183 The Seventh Revision Conference: Lisbon 1958......Page 185 The Eighth Revision Conference: Stockholm 1967......Page 192 Introduction......Page 206 Revising Paris Itself......Page 207 The Patent Cooperation Treaty, Washington 1970 (PCT)......Page 216 The Madrid Protocol, Madrid 1989......Page 218 The Integrated Circuits Treaty 1989 (‘the Washington Treaty’)......Page 219 Other treaty-making activities linked to Paris—and the impact of the Development Agenda......Page 220 Paris Convention Requirements as International Trade Standards......Page 223 An Overview of the Paris Convention and its Associated Agreements......Page 228 Part III: The Paris Convention and its Associated Agreements—Overarching Issues......Page 236 6. Public International Law Questions: The Structure of the Paris Convention and the Interpretation and Application of its Provisions (and those of its Associated Agreements)......Page 237 A matter of terminology: what is a ‘convention’?......Page 238 Structure of the Paris Convention......Page 240 Introductory remarks......Page 242 Languages used......Page 246 Rules of interpretation outside Paris and its associated agreements: the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT)......Page 253 7. The Paris Union System: Organization and Structure......Page 290 The Concept of ‘Union’......Page 291 Characteristics of International Unions......Page 292 ‘The countries to which this Convention applies … ’......Page 301 ‘[A]‌ Union for the protection of industrial property … ’......Page 304 Industrial property to be ‘understood in the broadest sense … ’......Page 309 ‘Patents … ’......Page 311 Early years......Page 313 Administration of the Paris Union—Present Arrangements......Page 316 Conferences of revision......Page 317 The Assembly......Page 325 Conference of representatives......Page 338 The Executive Committee......Page 340 The International Bureau......Page 346 The Director General......Page 355 Background......Page 357 The present financial provisions......Page 358 Special method of amendment for administrative provisions......Page 366 The other unions and their organs......Page 369 8. Membership and Territory of the Paris Union—The Final Clauses of the Convention......Page 400 Admission requirements......Page 401 Ratification and accession......Page 402 Reservations......Page 417 Denunciation of the Convention......Page 419 Territory of the Union—Application to Dependent Territories......Page 420 Changes in Union Membership......Page 430 The extinction and re-establishment of states......Page 431 The creation of new states—treaty succession......Page 434 Other Special Agreements......Page 452 Interruptions in Union Relations due to War......Page 456 Generally......Page 462 The context in which problems of non-compliance arise—the politics of complaint and compliance......Page 466 Revision Conferences and the Assembly......Page 467 Settlement of disputes by the International Court of Justice......Page 468 The applicable rules of customary international law......Page 471 Restricting members’ rights within the Union—refusal to invite certain states to meetings of Union organs......Page 472 Enforcement through the WTO......Page 474 9. Organizing Principles......Page 495 Introduction......Page 496 Persons and Entities Protected under the Convention......Page 497 National Treatment......Page 504 The scope of treatment to be accorded......Page 505 Limitations on national treatment—situations where discrimination against foreigners is permissible......Page 509 National treatment and equality of treatment......Page 513 ‘[R]‌ights Specially Provided’ or Unionist Treatment......Page 516 The system of priorities for registered rights under Article 4A-I......Page 517 Patents......Page 518 Designs......Page 519 Unfair competition......Page 520 Who may claim unionist treatment?......Page 521 The Special Agreements......Page 522 Madrid Protocol......Page 523 PCT......Page 524 Budapest Treaty......Page 525 Nature and scope of obligations......Page 526 Incorporation of substantive provisions of the Paris Convention......Page 528 National treatment......Page 529 Most favoured nation treatment......Page 530 Multilateral Agreements on acquisition or maintenance of protection......Page 531 Further protections......Page 532 Part IV: Subject Matter Protected......Page 540 10. Patents and Utility Models......Page 541 National treatment—the point of departure......Page 542 The priority system—the way into the systems of other Union countries......Page 543 Independence of protection......Page 560 Mention of the inventor (Article 4ter)......Page 569 Restrictions of sale by law (Article 4quater)......Page 571 Failure to work, compulsory licences, and forfeiture (Article 5A)......Page 574 Time for payment of fees and restoration of rights (Article 5bis)......Page 593 Defences to infringement: patented devices on ships and aircraft (Article 5ter)......Page 597 Patentees’ rights in relation to importation of products manufactured abroad by process patented in importing country (Article 5quater)......Page 599 Temporary protection at international exhibitions (Article 11)......Page 600 Utility models......Page 606 Beyond Paris: Procedural and Substantive Harmonization......Page 608 The PCT......Page 609 The Strasbourg Agreement......Page 622 Budapest Treaty......Page 624 Patent Law Treaty 2000......Page 626 The proposed Treaty Supplementing the Paris Convention as far as Patents are Concerned......Page 629 The Geneva Treaty on the International Recording of Scientific Discoveries 1978......Page 637 The TRIPS Agreement......Page 640 11. Industrial Designs......Page 688 Introduction and Overview of this Chapter......Page 689 Designs Protection—Legal and Policy Issues......Page 690 As a subject of protection and national treatment......Page 692 Right of priority......Page 696 Obligation to protect (Article 5quinquies)......Page 703 Independence of protection......Page 707 Restriction on forfeiture and marking......Page 708 Protection under the Berne Convention......Page 711 Classifying Designs—the Locarno Agreement......Page 720 An International Design—The Hague Agreement......Page 722 Main features of The Hague system......Page 724 The Hague system in broader context......Page 733 Obligation to protect......Page 735 Rights in protected designs......Page 740 Exceptions......Page 742 Term of protection......Page 743 General comments......Page 745 Moves to Harmonize Procedural Issues Relating to Designs Applications......Page 746 12. Trade Marks and Trade Names......Page 764 Introduction......Page 765 Gaining protection in the first place—national treatment and priority periods......Page 766 Independence and dependence of protection (Articles 6 and 6quinquies)......Page 769 Service marks (Article 6sexies)......Page 786 Well-known marks (Article 6bis)......Page 788 State emblems, armorial bearings, flags, and the like (Article 6ter)......Page 798 Assignments of trade marks without accompanying goodwill (Article 6quater)......Page 814 Agents and representatives acting without authority (Article 6septies)......Page 818 Nature of the goods to which trade mark is to be applied......Page 824 Collective marks (Article 7bis)......Page 826 Use of trademarks (Article 5C)......Page 832 Protection of trade names......Page 836 Seizure on importation and ‘appropriate legal remedies’ (Article 9)......Page 839 International exhibitions (Article 11)......Page 849 Origins......Page 850 Registration in contracting country as the starting point for seeking international registration......Page 851 How the international application is made......Page 852 What the international application covers......Page 853 Effect of the international registration......Page 855 Refusal of protection by designated contracting countries......Page 856 Dependency of international registration......Page 859 Duration of international registration and renewals......Page 860 Provisions relating to the international register and national registers......Page 861 Fees......Page 863 Governance and administration of the Madrid system......Page 864 Revision of the Madrid system: the Trademark Registration Treaty 1973 and the Madrid Protocol 1989......Page 866 The Trademark Registration Treaty 1973......Page 867 The Madrid Protocol 1989......Page 870 The significance of the Madrid system......Page 873 The Trademark Law Treaty 1994......Page 874 The Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks 2010......Page 878 Classification Treaties—Nice and Vienna......Page 881 Substantive Harmonization and the TRIPS Agreement......Page 884 Incorporation of Paris norms within TRIPS......Page 885 National treatment and MFN......Page 886 Protectable subject matter......Page 887 Substantive Harmonization—Post-TRIPS ‘Progressive Development’ Within WIPO......Page 909 Introduction......Page 939 The Paris Convention......Page 941 Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Sources on Goods 1891......Page 949 The concept of unfair competition......Page 960 Genesis of the obligation in the Paris Convention......Page 963 The present obligations arising under Article 10bis......Page 967 Protection of undisclosed information—collateral amendment of Article 10bis through the TRIPS Agreement?......Page 979 Under the Paris Convention......Page 993 The Lisbon Agreement......Page 997 Revision and extension of international protection for appellations under the WIPO agreements......Page 1007 Moves to revise the Lisbon Agreement......Page 1011 Concluding comments about protection of appellations under the Paris Convention and associated WIPO Agreements......Page 1014 Geographical indications under TRIPS......Page 1015 Introduction......Page 1041 A ‘Special Industrial Property Service’......Page 1042 ‘Common offices’......Page 1044 Official Periodical Journal......Page 1045 Modern technologies …......Page 1048 Part V: The Wider Context......Page 1051 15. The Paris Convention and the Future......Page 1052 Of Centenaries and Past Achievements......Page 1053 A World Without Paris?......Page 1057 Continued Relevance?......Page 1060 Why revise?......Page 1062 The object of revision—codification with some progressive development......Page 1068 Codification by way of incorporation of the substantive provisions of TRIPS into Paris......Page 1069 Where would incorporation stop?......Page 1074 How to proceed?......Page 1075 In general......Page 1076 Private international law issues......Page 1077 Intellectual property rights and human rights: issues of access......Page 1084 Concluding Comments......Page 1091 Appendices......Page 1099 Appendix 1 Third draft treaty prepared for the First Paris Diplomatic Conference 1880......Page 1100 Appendix 2 The Jagerschmidt draft presented to the Paris Conference 1880 (original text from Actes 1880, pp 26–27)......Page 1102 Appendix 3 List of translated words from WIPO official texts of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property......Page 1105 Appendix 4.1 Paris Act 1883......Page 1107 Appendix 4.2 Additional Act of Brussels 1900......Page 1112 Appendix 4.3 Act of Washington, 1911......Page 1114 Appendix 4.4 Act of The Hague, 1925......Page 1122 Appendix 4.5 Act of London, 1934......Page 1133 Appendix 4.6 Act of Lisbon, 1958......Page 1145 Appendix 4.7 Attachment 7—Stockholm Act 1967......Page 1161 Appendix 5 Declaration on the Objectives of the Revision of the Paris Convention......Page 1187 Appendix 6 Proposed revision of the Paris Convention......Page 1189 Select Bibliography......Page 1213 Index......Page 1223