Architectured materials in nature and engineering: archimats

Description

Intro; Preface; Contents; Contributors; 1 Microtruss Composites; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Example 1: Electrodeposition; 1.3 Example 2: Diffusion-Based Composites; 1.4 Summary; References; 2 Topological Interlocking Materials; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 A Brief History of the Concept of Topological Interlocking Materials; 2.3 Mechanics of Topological Interlocking Materials; 2.3.1 Inverse Scale Effect; 2.3.2 Enhanced Fracture Toughness; 2.3.3 Tolerance to Missing Blocks; 2.3.4 Out-of-Plane Deformation of Topological Interlocking Assemblies;This book deals with a group of architectured materials. These are hybrid materials in which the constituents (even strongly dissimilar ones) are combined in a given topology and geometry to provide otherwise conflicting properties. The hybridization presented in the book occurs at various levels - from the molecular to the macroscopic (say, sub-centimeter) ones. This monograph represents a collection of programmatic chapters, defining archimats and summarizing the results obtained by using the geometry-inspired materials design. The area of architectured or geometry-inspired materials has reached a certain level of maturity and visibility for a comprehensive presentation in book form. It is written by a group of authors who are active researchers working on various aspects of architectured materials. Through its 14 chapters, the book provides definitions and descriptions of the archetypes of architectured materials and addresses the various techniques in which they can be designed, optimized, and manufactured. It covers a broad realm of archimats, from the ones occurring in nature to those that have been engineered, and discusses a range of their possible applications. The book provides inspiring and scientifically profound, yet entertaining, reading for the materials science community and beyond. Intro Preface Contents Contributors 1 Microtruss Composites 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Example 1: Electrodeposition 1.3 Example 2: Diffusion-Based Composites 1.4 Summary References 2 Topological Interlocking Materials 2.1 Introduction 2.2 A Brief History of the Concept of Topological Interlocking Materials 2.3 Mechanics of Topological Interlocking Materials 2.3.1 Inverse Scale Effect 2.3.2 Enhanced Fracture Toughness 2.3.3 Tolerance to Missing Blocks 2.3.4 Out-of-Plane Deformation of Topological Interlocking Assemblies 2.3.5 Modelling of Vibrations in Topological Interlocking Assemblies2.4 Responsive Materials Based on Topological Interlocking 2.5 Assemblies of Modified Topologically Interlocked Blocks: Shape Variations, Soft Interlayers, Secondary Surface Profiles 2.6 Sound Absorption 2.7 Manufacturing of Topological Interlocking Materials 2.8 Conclusion References 3 Architectured Materials with Inclusions Having Negative Poisson's Ratio or Negative Stiffness 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Negative Poisson's Ratio 3.2.1 Structures Exhibiting the Effect of Negative Poisson's Ratio 3.2.2 Properties of Composites with Negative Poisson's Ratio Inclusions3.2.3 Discussion 3.3 Negative Stiffness 3.3.1 Structures Exhibiting the Effect of Negative Stiffness 3.4 Matrix with Negative Stiffness Inclusions 3.5 Discussion 3.6 Conclusions References 4 Computational Homogenization of Architectured Materials 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Computational Homogenization for Linear Elasticity 4.2.1 Constitutive Equations 4.2.2 The Representative Volume Element 4.2.3 Averaging Relations 4.2.4 Boundary Conditions 4.2.5 Hill-Mandel Condition 4.2.6 Effective Properties Versus Apparent Properties4.2.7 Computational Homogenization Using the Finite Element Method 4.2.8 Case of Application: Periodic Auxetics 4.3 Computational Homogenization for Elastoplasticity 4.3.1 Plastic Anisotropy 4.3.2 Macroscopic Modeling 4.3.3 Simulation and Identification 4.3.4 Conclusions 4.4 Statistical Representative Volume Element Size for Computational Homogenization 4.4.1 RVE Size Determination for Media with Finite Integral Range 4.4.2 Generalization of the Statistical Approach to Microstructures with Non-finite Integral Range 4.4.3 Non-woven Architectured Materials4.4.4 Case of Application: RVE Size of Random Fibrous Media 4.5 Conclusions and Outlook References 5 Design Methods for Architectured Materials 5.1 Materials Selection and Architectured Materials 5.1.1 Definition of an Architectured Material 5.1.2 Materials Selection 5.1.3 Why an Architectured Material? 5.2 Methodological Study of Product Design 5.2.1 Product Design Methods 5.2.2 Design and Creativity Methods 5.2.3 Strategy for a Toolbox 5.3 Analysis of the Specifications 5.3.1 Principal Component Analysis