Effective Organic Compound Purification: Guidelines and Tactics for Flash Chromatography

Description

Contents......Page 4 Chromatographic Purification in Organic Chemistry......Page 12 Compound Solubility......Page 15 Mobile Phase......Page 16 Mobile Phase Modifiers......Page 18 Retention Factor and Column Volumes......Page 19 Method Development Using TLC......Page 21 TLC and Mobile Phase Techniques......Page 24 Isocratic Elution......Page 25 Gradient Elution......Page 28 Stepped Gradient......Page 29 Linear Gradient......Page 30 Mixed Gradients......Page 32 Loading Capacity of Column......Page 35 Particle Shape......Page 37 Particle Size......Page 38 Automated Chromatography......Page 39 Manual Glass Column Chromatography......Page 46 Benefits of Automation......Page 48 Manually-packed Columns......Page 49 Pre-packed Columns......Page 51 TLC Plates......Page 53 Column Stacking......Page 55 Higher Resolution with small spherical media......Page 59 Improved load capacity......Page 61 Faster purifications......Page 63 Normal Phase Silica......Page 65 Reversed Phase Silica......Page 66 Thin Layer Chromatography Plates......Page 68 Using HPLC Systems to Generate Flash Methods......Page 69 Using the Flash Instrument for Method Development......Page 70 Column Care......Page 72 Solvent Modifiers......Page 73 Low-solubility Polar Heterocycles......Page 75 Primary Amines......Page 76 Carbohydrates......Page 77 Peptides......Page 78 Carboxylic Acids......Page 79 Ionic Compounds......Page 80 RediSep Rf Gold High Performance C18 Columns......Page 81 Storage of the column after use in high pH......Page 84 Specialty Media......Page 86 Amine......Page 87 Basic Alumina......Page 92 Neutral Alumina......Page 95 Cyano......Page 98 Diol......Page 100 SCX......Page 104 SAX......Page 107 Natural Products......Page 111 Cytotoxic Constituents from Butea superba......Page 113 Alkaloids of Banisteria caapi......Page 114 Advanced Solvent Strategies......Page 116 UV Detection......Page 122 Detection with UV-Vis......Page 123 All-Wavelength Detection......Page 124 Example of unknown spectrum......Page 125 Solvent spectrum overlaps compound......Page 127 Sample overloads detector......Page 128 Other Detectors......Page 129 Media Selection......Page 130 Wavelength Selection......Page 145 Elementary theory......Page 151 Application......Page 153 Troubleshooting......Page 156