Bovine Pathology: A Text and Color Atlas

Description

Illustrated with over 1,000 color images of the highest quality, Bovine Pathology: A Text and Color Atlas is a comprehensive single resource to identifying diseases in dairy cattle, feedlot cattle, and their calves. With summary text describing key features, the book correlates clinical information with pathology and differential diagnoses. The text covers naked-eye macroscopic appearance through to microscopic pathology and the immunohistochemistry of infectious agents and tumor markers. Structured by major organ system, the disease entries follow a consistent format and clarity of display. This, combined with an integrated e-book, handy fact sheets, summary boxes and key points, helps aid understanding. Key features include: * Over 1000 superb color images to illustrate the pathologies * A thorough review of mainly western hemisphere diseases of cattle covering macroscopic appearance, microscopic appearance, and immunohistochemistry * Synoptic layout, fact sheets, summary boxes, succinct legends and key bullet points support its use as a field guide or revision aid * Organized by major organ system which ensures that vital facts can be found quickly * A unique chapter covering calfhood diseases Serving as an essential reference work for veterinary pathologists who perform bovine necropsies, veterinary residents and students, the book is also practical enough for bovine practitioners who need to investigate sudden death losses of cattle on the farm. COVER BOVINE PATHOLOGY: A TEXT AND COLOR ATLAS COPYRIGHT CONTENTS CONTRIBUTORS PREFACE AUTHORS’ ACKNOWLEDGMENTS CHAPTER 1: Diseases of Neonates and Calves Introduction Congenital Anomalies 1.2 Nervous System 1.2.1 Edema and inflammation 1.2.1.1 Cerebellar herniation (coning) 1.2.1.2 Meningitis 1.2.2 Neoplasia 1.2.3 Inherited metabolic disorders 1.2.3.1 Bovine maple syrup urine disease 1.2.3.2 Bovine citrullinemia 1.3 Respiratory Disorders 1.3.1 Larynx 1.3.1.1 Necrotic laryngitis 1.3.2 Lung 1.3.2.1 Bronchopneumonia 1.4 Gastrointestinal Disorders 1.4.1 Displacements 1.4.2 Inflammation 1.4.2.1 Viruses 1.4.2.2 Bacteria 1.4.2.3 Protozoa 1.4.2.4 Fungi 1.4.2.5 Parasites 1.5 Additional Gastric Conditions 1.5.1 Abomasal foreign body formations 1.5.2 Abomasal ulceration 1.5.3 Hemorrhagic abomasitis 1.6 Musculoskeletal Disorders 1.6.1 Muscular system 1.6.1.1 White muscle disease (WMD) 1.6.2 Skeletal system 1.6.2.1 Congenital chondrodysplasia 1.6.2.2 Arthritis 1.7 Neoplasia 1.8 Miscellaneous 1.8.1 Bovine neonatal pancytopenia (BNP) 1.8.2 Floppy ear syndrome Suggested Reading CHAPTER 2: Diseases of the Nervous System Introduction Removal of the Brain and Spinal Cord Degeneration 2.2.1 Polioencephalomalacia (laminar cerebrocortical necrosis) 2.2.2 Acute lead poisoning (plumbism) 2.2.3 Salt intoxication (water deprivation) 2.2.4 Methyl and alkyl mercury poisoning 2.2.5 Organophosphate compounds poisoning 2.2.6 Vitamin A deficiency 2.3 Inflammation 2.3.1 Infectious prion protein (PrP) 2.3.1.1 Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) 2.3.2 Viruses 2.3.2.1 Rabies 2.3.2.2 Bovine herpesvirus encephalomyelitis 2.3.2.3 Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) 2.3.2.4 Neurotropic astrovirus 2.3.3 Bacteria 2.3.3.1 Listeriosis 2.3.3.2 Thrombotic meningoencephalomyelitis (TME) 2.3.3.4 Bovine cowdriosis (heartwater, bovine ehrlichiosis) 2.3.3.5 Abscesses 2.3.3.6 Meningitis 2.3.4 Fungi 2.3.4.1 Cryptococcosis 2.3.5 Protozoa 2.3.5.1 Cerebral babesiosis 2.3.5.2 Cerebral theileriosis 2.3.5.3 Cerebral amoebiasis 2.3.5.4 Cerebral trypanosomiasis 2.3.6 Parasites 2.3.6.1 Cerebral coenurosis 2.4 Trauma 2.5 Neoplasia 2.6 Miscellaneous 2.6.1 Breed-specific encephalomyelopathies 2.6.1.1 Multifocal symmetrical encephalomyelopathy of juvenile Simmental cattle 2.6.1.2 Bovine progressive degenerative myeloencephalopathy (BPDME) 2.6.1.3 Spinal muscular atrophy 2.6.1.4 Inherited progressive myelinopathy in Murray Grey cattle 2.6.1.5 Progressive ataxia of Charolais cattle 2.6.1.6 Bovine ceroid-lipofuscinosis in Devon cattle Suggested Reading CHAPTER 3: Diseases of the Respiratory System Introduction 3.1 Upper Respiratory Tract 3.1.1 Nostrils 3.1.1.1 Inflammation 3.1.2 Sinonasal compartment 3.1.2.1 Cysts 3.1.2.2 Inflammation 3.1.2.3 Neoplasia 3.1.3 Larynx 3.1.3.1 Inflammation 3.2 Lower Respiratory Tract 3.2.1 Trachea 3.2.1.1 Inflammation 3.2.1.2 Honker’s syndrome 3.2.2 Lung 3.2.2.1 Inflammation 3.2.2.2 Neoplasia 3.2.2.3 Miscellaneous 3.3 Pleura 3.3.1 Effusion 3.3.2 Inflammation Suggested Reading CHAPTER 4: Diseases of the Cardiovascular System Introduction 4.1 Dissection and Examination of the Heart 4.2 Heart 4.2.1 Congenital cardiovascular anomalies 4.2.2 Pericardial diseases 4.2.2.1 Effusion 4.2.2.2 Inflammation 4.2.3 Myocardial diseases 4.2.3.1 Necrosis/degeneration/fibrosis 4.2.3.2 Inflammation 4.2.4 Endocardial disorders 4.2.4.1 Fibrosis and calcification 4.2.4.2 Valvular cysts 4.2.4.3 Endocarditis 4.2.5 Congestive heart failure 4.2.5.1 Brisket (high-altitude) disease 4.2.6 Neoplasia 4.3 Vessels 4.3.1 Arteries 4.3.1.1 Marfan syndrome 4.3.2 Veins 4.3.3 Lymphatics 4.3.4 Neoplasia Suggested Reading CHAPTER 5: Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract Introduction 5.1 Diseases of the Oral Cavity 5.1.1 Anomalies 5.1.2 Inflammation 5.1.2.1 Viral 5.1.2.2 Bacterial 5.1.3 Dental diseases 5.1.4 Neoplasia 5.2 Diseases of the Esophagus 5.2.1 Obstruction (choke) 5.2.2 Trauma 5.2.3 Inflammation 5.2.4 Endoparasites 5.2.5 Neoplasia 5.3 Diseases of the Forestomachs 5.3.1 Metabolic disorders 5.3.1.1 Rumen lactic acidosis 5.3.1.2 Tympany (bloat) 5.3.1.3 Urea toxicity (ammonia toxicosis) 5.3.1.4 Ruminal papillary hypertrophy/hyperplasia 5.3.2 Obstruction 5.3.2.1 Ruminal indigestion 5.3.3 Inflammation 5.3.3.1 Traumatic reticulitis 5.3.3.2 Opportunistic pathogens secondary to lactic acidosis 5.3.3.3 Rumen infected with BVDV 5.3.4 Endoparasites 5.3.5 Neoplasia 5.3.6 Miscellaneous disorders 5.4 Diseases of the Abomasum 5.4.1 Changes in position 5.4.1.1 Abomasal displacement 5.4.1.2 Abomasal torsion/volvulus 5.4.2 Obstruction 5.4.2.1 Impaction 5.4.2.2 Vagal indigestion (Hoflund syndrome) 5.4.3 Erosions and ulcers 5.4.4 Inflammation 5.4.5 Endoparasites 5.4.5.1 Haemonchosis 5.4.5.2 Ostertagiosis 5.4.5.3 Trichostrongylus axei 5.4.6 Neoplasia 5.5 Diseases of the Intestinal Tract 5.5.1 Anomalies 5.5.2 Displacements and obstruction 5.5.3 Inflammation 5.5.3.1 Catarrhal enteritis 5.5.3.2 Hemorrhagic enteritis 5.5.3.3 Fibrinonecrotic enteritis 5.5.3.4 Erosive-ulcerative-necrotizing enteritis 5.5.3.5 Granulomatous enteritis 5.5.4 Intestinal endoparasites 5.5.4.1 Nematodes 5.5.4.1 Ascarids 5.5.4.2 Cestodes 5.5.4.3 Protozoa 5.5.5 Neoplasia 5.5.6 Miscellaneous 5.5.6.1 Hemorrhagic bowel syndrome (HBS) 5.5.6.2 Rectal perforation 5.5.6.3 Diaphragmatic hernia 5.5.6.4 Intestinal droplets 5.6 Diseases of the Peritoneum 1 Fat necrosis 2 Inflammation Suggested Reading CHAPTER 6: Diseases of the Hepatobiliary System and Pancreas Introduction 6.1 Liver 6.1.1 Metabolic and toxic disorders 6.1.1.1 Hepatic lipidosis 6.1.1.2 Hepatotoxicity 6.1.2 Inflammation 6.1.2.1 Bacterial hepatitis 6.1.2.2 Mycotic hepatitis 6.1.2.3 Parasitic hepatitis 6.1.3 Neoplasia 6.1.4 Miscellaneous 6.1.4.1 Telangiectasia 6.1.4.2 Vascular tension lipidosis 6.1.4.3 Intrahepatic cholestasis 6.2 Gall Bladder 6.2.1 Inflammation 6.3 Exocrine Pancreas 6.3.1 Pancreolithiasis Suggested Reading CHAPTER 7: Diseases of the Urinary System Introduction 7.1 Kidney 7.1.1 Anomalies 7.1.1.1 Dysplasia 7.1.2 Circulatory disturbances 7.1.2.1 Hemorrhage 7.1.2.2 Infarcts 7.1.3 Necrosis and degeneration 7.1.3.1 Nephrotoxicosis 7.1.3.2 Amyloidosis 7.1.4 Inflammation 7.1.4.1 Nephritis 7.1.4.2 Chronic nephritis 7.1.4.3 Pyelonephritis 7.1.5 Neoplasia 7.1.6 Miscellaneous 7.1.6.1 Calculi 7.1.6.2 Cysts 7.2 Lower Urinary Tract 7.2.1 Inflammation 7.2.2 Urolithiasis 7.2.3 Neoplasia 7.2.4 Miscellaneous 7.2.4.1 Enzootic hematuria Suggested Reading CHAPTER 8: Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System 8.1 Muscular System 8.1.1 Myodegeneration/myonecrosis 8.1.1.1 Nutritional 8.1.1.2 Toxic 8.1.1.3 Downer cow myopathy 8.1.2 Inflammation 8.1.2.1 Clostridial myositis 8.1.2.2 Parasitic myositis 8.1.2.3 Protozoal myositis Miscellaneous 8.1.3 Hyperplasia 8.2 Skeletal System 8.2.1 Genetic abnormalities 8.2.1.1 Chondrodysplasias 8.2.1.2 Osteogenesis imperfecta 8.2.1.3 Osteopetrosis 8.2.1.5 Localized abnormalities 8.2.2 Nutritional and metabolic bone diseases 8.2.2.1 Osteoporosis 8.2.2.2 Rickets and osteomalacia 8.2.2.3 Manganese deficiency 8.2.3 Inflammatory and infectious diseases of bone 8.2.3.1 Osteomyelitis 8.2.3.2 Toe-tip necrosis 8.2.3.3 Intrauterine bovine viral diarrhea virus infection 8.2.4 Miscellaneous bone diseases 8.2.4.1 Juvenile lymphoma 8.2.4.2 Tetracycline deposition 8.2.5 Arthritis 8.2.6 Degenerative joint disease 8.2.7 Osteochondrosis Suggested Reading for Muscle CHAPTER 9: Diseases of the Endocrine System Introduction 9.1 Pituitary Gland 9.1.1 Anatomic location and retrieval 9.1.2 Inflammation 9.2 Thyroid Gland 9.2.1 Goiter 9.2.2 Neoplasia 9.3 Adrenal Gland 9.3.1 Circulatory disturbance 9.3.2 Neoplasia 9.3.3 Miscellaneous 9.3.3.1 Amyloidosis 9.3.3.2 Citrus pulp toxicosis Suggested Reading CHAPTER 10: Diseases of the Reproductive System Introduction 10.1 Testes and Accessory Sex Organs 10.1.1 Testes 10.1.1.1 Normal testis 10.1.1.2 Hypoplasia 10.1.1.3 Necrosis, degeneration, and fibrosis 10.1.1.4 Inflammation 10.1.1.5 Neoplasia 10.1.1.6 Miscellaneous 10.1.2 Epididymis 10.1.3 Seminal vesicle 10.1.4 External genitalia 10.1.4.1 Penile abnormalities 10.1.4.2 Penile hematoma 10.1.4.3 Balanoposthitis 10.1.4.4 Penile neoplasia 10.2 Intersexes 10.2.1 Gonadogenesis 10.2.2 Freemartinism 10.3 Non-gravid Female Reproductive System 10.3.1 Anomalies 10.3.1.1 Segmental aplasia 10.3.1.2 Uterus didelphys 10.3.2 Ovary 10.3.2.1 Normal ovary Bos taurus 10.3.2.2 Normal ovary Bos indicus 10.3.2.3 Cysts 10.3.2.4 Neoplasia 10.3.3 Uterine tubes (oviducts) 10.3.4 Uterus 10.3.4.1 Inflammation 10.3.4.2 Neoplasia 10.3.5 Cervix, vagina, vulva 10.4 Gravid Uterus 10.4.1 Cotyledonary placentation 10.4.2 Incidental findings on placental membranes 10.4.3 Disturbances of pregnancy 10.4.4 Abortion diseases 10.4.4.1 Pathogenic principles of infectious abortions 10.4.4.2 Viral abortions 10.4.4.3 Bacterial abortions 10.4.4.4 Mycotic abortions 10.4.4.5 Protozoal abortions 10.4.4.6 Miscellaneous 10.5 Fetal Malformations 10.5.1 Arthrogryposis 10.5.2 Schistosomus reflexus 10.6 Prolonged Gestation Suggested Reading CHAPTER 11: Diseases of the Hematopoietic and Hemolymphatic System 11.1 The Hematopoietic and Hemolymphatic System 11.1.1 Thymus 11.1.2 Hemal nodes 11.1.3 Tonsils 11.1.4 Peyer’s patches 11.1.5 Bone marrow 11.1.6 Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia 11.2 Congenital 11.2.1 Chediak–Higashi disease 11.2.2 Bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) 11.2.3 Simmental hereditary thrombopathy 11.2.4 Congenital protoporphyria and porphyria 11.3 Degeneration 11.3.1 Serous atrophy of fat 11.3.2 Bone marrow infarction 11.3.3 Pigmentary changes of the lymph node 11.3.4 Lymph node infarction 11.3.5 Splenic infarction 11.3.6 Splenomegaly 11.3.7 Thymic atrophy 11.4 Inflammation 11.4.1 Infectious agents of anemia 11.4.1.1 Babesia 11.4.1.2 Anaplasma 11.4.1.3 Clostridium haemolyticum (novyi) 11.4.1.4 Mycoplasma wenyonii 11.4.1.5 Trypanosoma 11.4.1.6 Theileria 11.4.2 Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) 11.4.2.1 Thrombocytopenic syndrome 11.4.2.2 Peyer’s patch necrosis/involution 11.4.3 Agents of lymphadenitis 11.4.3.1 Mycobacterium bovis 11.4.3.2 Mycobacterium avium subsp . paratuberculosis 11.4.3.3 Mycoplasma bovis 11.4.4 Bacillus anthracis 11.4.5 Splenic abscesses 11.5 Toxic 11.5.1 Bracken fern toxicity 11.5.2 Oxidizing agents inducing hemolytic anemia 11.5.3 Moldy sweet clover (dicoumarol) poisoning 11.5.4 Nitrate poisoning 11.6 Neoplasia 11.6.1 Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) 11.6.2 Sporadic lymphoma 11.6.2.1 Calf or juvenile form 11.6.2.2 Thymic form 11.6.2.3 Cutaneous form Suggested Reading CHAPTER 12: Diseases of the Integument Introduction 12.1 Normal Skin 12.2 Congenital and Genetic Abnormalities 12.2.1 Hypotrichosis 12.2.2 Epitheliogenesis imperfecta 12.2.3 Cutaneous asthenia 12.2.4 Congenital ichthyosis 12.2.5 Familial acantholysis of Angus calves 12.2.6 Mechanobullous disease of Brangus calves 12.2.7 Epidermolysis bullosa 12.3 Idiopathic Diseases 12.3.1 Telogen defluxion, anagen defluxion and alopecia 12.4 Viral Diseases 12.4.1 Cutaneous papillomatosis (‘warts’) 12.4.2 Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) 12.4.3 Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) 12.4.4 Bovine papular stomatitis (BPS) 12.4.5 Pseudocowpox 12.4.6 Pseudolumpy skin disease 12.5 Bacterial Diseases 12.5.1 Dermatophilosis (‘streptothricosis’, ‘rain scald’) 12.5.2 Tuberculosis (cutaneous mycobacteriosis) 12.5.3 Atypical cutaneous mycobacteriosis (non-tuberculoid) 12.5.4 Staphylococcal dermatitis 12.5.5 Actinomycosis (‘lumpy jaw’) 12.5.6 Actinobacillosis 12.5.7 Cutaneous cellulitis and abscesses 12.6 Protozoal Diseases 12.7 Parasitic Diseases 12.7.1 Pediculosis (lice) 12.7.2 Ectoparasitic mange 12.7.2.1 Sarcoptic mange 12.7.2.2 Chorioptic mange 12.7.3 Stephanofilariasis 12.7.4 Pelodera dermatitis (rhabditic dermatitis) 12.7.5 Hypodermosis (warbles, cattle grubs) 12.8 Mycoses (Fungal Infections) 12.8.1 Dermatophytosis (‘ringworm’) 12.8.2 Fungal granulomas 12.9 Neoplastic Conditions 12.9.1 Cutaneous lymphoma (lymphosarcoma) 12.9.2 Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) 12.9.3 Mast cell tumor 12.9.4 Melanocytomas/melanomas 12.9.5 Juvenile bovine angiomatosis 12.9.6 Cutaneous lipomas 12.9.7 Fibromas, fibrosarcomas, and other spindle cell tumors 12.9.8 Congenital, disseminated, undifferentiated round cell tumor 12.10 Miscellaneous Conditions 12.10.1 Subcutaneous soft or fluctuant swellings 12.10.2 Distal extremity necrosis – dry gangrene 12.10.3 Allergic (type I hypersensitivity) dermatitis 12.10.4 Photosensitivity dermatitis 12.10.5 Thermal burns 12.10.6 Generalized idiopathic dermatitis 12.10.7 Cutaneous infarcts Suggested Reading CHAPTER 13: Diseases of the Claw and Foot Skin Introduction 13.1 Lesions of the Claw Horn Capsule 13.1.1 Laminitis (pododermatitis aseptica diffusa, coriosis) 13.1.2 Sole ulcer (pododermatitis circumscripta, Rusterholz ulcer) 13.1.3 White line disease (white line separation, white line fissure) 13.1.4 Thin soles and thin sole toe ulcers 13.1.5 Traumatic lesions of the sole (punctures of the sole) 13.1.6 Foreign body penetration of the sole 13.1.7 Vertical wall crack (sand crack) 13.1.8 Sepsis of the distal interphalangeal joint 13.1.9 Non-healing claw lesions 13.1.10 Degloving injuries, diseases, and lesions allegedly due to feeding with beta-antagonists 13.2 Infectious Disorders of the Foot and Foot Skin 13.2.1 Digital dermatitis (papillomatous digital dermatitis, foot warts, Mortellaro’s disease) 13.2.2 Foot rot (interdigital phlegmon, foul in the foot) 13.2.3 Foreign body in the interdigital skin 13.2.4 Interdigital dermatitis (scald, slurry heel, stable foot rot) 13.3 Neoplasia 13.3.1 Interdigital fibroma (corn), interdigital hyperplasia 13.3.2 Warts 13.4 Miscellaneous 13.4.1 Heel horn erosion 13.4.2 Mud fever 13.4.3 Formalin burn 13.4.4 Screw claw (corkscrew claw) Suggested Reading CHAPTER 14: Diseases of the Udder and Teats Introduction 14.1 Udder Diseases 14.1.1 Inflammation 14.1.1.1 Udder dermatitis 14.1.1.2 Udder cleft syndrome 14.1.1.3 Staphylococcal dermatitis/impetigo 14.1.1.4 Udder abscess 14.1.1.5 Thrombophlebitis of milk vein 14.1.1.6 Mastitis 14.1.2 Neoplasia 14.2 Teat Diseases 14.2.1 Inflammation 14.2.1.1 Viral 14.2.1.2 Bacterial 14.2.1.3 Traumatic Suggested Reading CHAPTER 15: Diseases of Eye and Ear EYES Introduction 15.1 Congenital Ocular Diseases 15.1.1 Microphthalmia 15.1.2 Hypovitaminosis A 15.1.3 Lysosomal storage diseases 15.1.4 Dermoid 15.1.5 Entropion and ectropion 15.1.6 Colobomas 15.1.7 Albinism 15.1.8 Remnant hyaloid artery 15.2 Degenerative Ocular Diseases 15.2.1 Cataracts 15.2.2 Hemorrhage 15.2.3 Papilledema 15.3 Inflammatory Ocular Diseases 15.3.1 Blepharitis 15.3.2 Conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis, and uveitis 15.4 Neoplastic Ocular Diseases 15.4.1 Papilloma 15.4.2 Squamous cell carcinoma 15.4.3 Lymphoma EARS Introduction 15.5 Inflammatory Otic Diseases 15.6 Neoplastic Otic Diseases Suggested Reading CHAPTER 16: The Pathology of Select Poisonous Plant-induced Diseases in Cattle Introduction 16.1 Neurotoxic Plants 16.1.1 Swainsonine/calystegine 16.1.1.1 Swainsonine or locoweed intoxication 16.1.1.2 Calystegine toxicity 16.1.1.3 Castanospermine 16.1.1.4 Ryegrass toxicity 16.1.1.5 Delphinium spp. 16.1.1.6 Nitrotoxins 16.1.1.7 Hemlocks 16.1.1.8 Lupines 16.1.1.9 Death camas 16.2 Hepatotoxic Plants 16.2.1 Dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids 16.2.2 Saponin-containing plants 16.2.3 Cocklebur ( Xanthium strumarium) and other potent hepatotoxic plants 16.2.4 Plants containing fungal hepatotoxins 16.2.4.1 Fumonisins 16.2.4.2 Lupinosis 16.2.4.3 Sporidesmin 16.2.4.4 Lantana 16.3 Myotoxic Plants 16.3.1 Cardioactive glycoside-containing plants 16.3.2 Rayless goldenrod and white snakeroot 16.3.3 Thermopsis and other myotoxic plants 16.3.4 Cassia or Senna spp. 16.3.5 Seleniferous plants 16.3.6 Yew ( Taxus cuspidata – Japanese yew; Taxus baccata – common yew; and Taxus media – hybrid common and Japanese yew) 16.4 Teratogenic Plants 16.4.1 Lupine 16.5 Nephrotoxic Plants 16.5.1 Oak 16.5.2 Oxalate-containing plants 16.5.3 Amaranthus spp. (pigweeds) 16.5.4 Calcinogenic glycoside-containing plants 16.6 Other Toxic Plants 16.6.1 Pine needles 16.6.2 Cyanogenic plants 16.6.3 Nitrate-accumulating plants 16.6.4 Photosensitizing plants 16.6.4.1 Hypericism 16.6.4.2 Fagopyrism 16.6.4.3 Furocoumarins 16.6.4.4 Bracken fern 16.6.4.5 Hairy vetch ( Vicia villosa Roth) Summary Suggested Reading CHAPTER 17: Bovine Diseases Without Lesions Introduction 17.1 Botulism 17.2 Tetanus 17.3 Hypocalcemia 17.4 Hypomagnesemia 17.5 Nervous Ketosis 17.6 Urea Toxicity (Ammonia Toxicosis) 17.7 Acute Organophosphate Poisoning 17.8 Lightning 17.9 Japanese Yew ( Taxus cuspidata) 17.10 Nervous Coccidiosis Suggested Reading INDEX BACK_COVER