Safety Science and Technology

Description

In this book we present different topics from safety science and technology, including: safety-critical systems, safety simulation techniques, safety in transport and vehicles, and safety analysis in medicine (hospitals). Section 1 focuses on safety-critical systems, describing architecture level safety analyses for safety-critical systems, safety assessment of nuclear power plants for liquefaction consequences, the Fukushima nuclear accident: insights on the safety aspects, an augmented framework for formal analysis of safety critical systems, and concepts of safety critical systems unification approach & security assurance process. Section 2 focuses on safety simulation techniques, describing the marine safety simulation based electronic chart display and information system, improved modelling and assessment of the performance of firefighting means in the frame of a fire PSA, scenario grouping and classification methodology for postprocessing of data generated by integrated deterministic-probabilistic safety analysis, demonstration of emulator-based Bayesian calibration of safety analysis codes: theory and formulation, microscopic simulation-based high occupancy vehicle lane safety and operation assessment: a case study. Section 3 focuses on safety in transport and vehicles, describing safety of autonomous vehicles, studying the safety impact of autonomous vehicles using simulation-based surrogate safety measures, advanced modeling and simulation of vehicle active aerodynamic safety, and analyzing driving safety using vehicle-water-filled rutting dynamics model and simulation. Section 4 focuses on safety analysis in medicine (hospitals), describing establishing patient safety in intensive care - a grounded theory, analysis of critical incidents during anesthesia in a tertiary hospital, healthcare professional’s perception of patient safety measured by the hospital survey on patient safety culture: a systematic review and meta-analysis, and uncertainty of clinical thinking and patient safety. Cover Title Page Copyright DECLARATION ABOUT THE EDITOR TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Contributors List of Abbreviations Preface Section 1: Safety-Critical Systems Chapter 1 Architecture Level Safety Analyses for Safety-Critical Systems Abstract Introduction Error Model Annex in Architecture Analysis & Design Language (AADL) Implementation of Proposed Research Safety Analyses Conclusion Acknowledgments References Chapter 2 Safety Assessment of Nuclear Power Plants for Liquefaction Consequences Abstract Introduction Selection of Safety Analysis Methodology Characterisation Liquefaction Hazard Conclusion References Chapter 3 The Fukushima Nuclear Accident: Insights on the Safety Aspects Abstract Introduction A Brief Description About the Fukushima Nuclear Accident Nuclear Safety Culture Barrier Protection Against Tsunami Diversity and Redundant Safety Systems Training Vent System Failures Filtered Venting Structures, Systems and Components Shared at Nuclear Power Plants Impact Evaluation of the Ssc Sharing in the Fukushima Accident Hydrogen Explosions Lessons Learned Conclusions Acknowledgements References Chapter 4 An Augmented Framework for Formal Analysis of Safety Critical Systems Abstract Introduction Methodology and Components Formal Analysis of Safety Critical Systems (SCSS) Simulation Results Conclusions References Chapter 5 Concepts of Safety Critical Systems Unification Approach & Security Assurance Process Abstract Introduction Research Method Background of Research Existing Research Review Proposed Concept of Security Assurance Safety-Critical Systems Designed Defensive Strategy as a Solution to Deal Business Logic Layer Concerns Conclusion References Section 2: Safety Simulation Techniques Chapter 6 The Marine Safety Simulation based Electronic Chart Display and Information System Abstract Introduction Automatic Feasibility Identification in Route Plan Simulation Model of Route Plan Route Monitoring Simulation Model Early-Warning Model of Own Ship Dynamic Information Experiment and Analysis Conclusions Acknowledgments References Chapter 7 Improved Modelling and Assessment of the Performance of Firefighting Means in the Frame of a Fire PSA Abstract Introduction Methods Implemented in Mcdet Fire Event, Firefighting Means, and Modelling Assumptions Analysis Steps and Results Conclusions Acknowledgments References Chapter 8 Scenario Grouping and Classification Methodology for Postprocessing of Data Generated by Integrated Deterministic-Probabilistic Safety Analysis Abstract Introduction Classification Approach Application Results Discussion Acknowledgments References Chapter 9 Demonstration of Emulator-Based Bayesian Calibration of Safety Analysis Codes: Theory and Formulation Abstract Introduction Overview of Emulator-Based Bayesian Calibration Gaussian Process-Based Emulators Calibration Demonstration: Friction Factor Model Conclusions References Chapter 10 Microscopic Simulation-Based High Occupancy Vehicle Lane Safety and Operation Assessment: A Case Study Abstract Introduction Literature Review Methodology Case Study Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments References Section 3: Safety in Transport and Vehicles Chapter 11 Safety of Autonomous Vehicles Abstract Introduction Levels of Automation Types of Errors for Autonomous Vehicles On-Road Testing and Reported Accidents Opportunities and Challenges Summary and Concluding Remarks References Chapter 12 Studying the Safety Impact of Autonomous Vehicles Using Simulation-Based Surrogate Safety Measures Abstract Introduction Methodology Results and Discussion Conclusion References Chapter 13 Advanced Modeling and Simulation of Vehicle Active Aerodynamic Safety Abstract Introduction System of Data Acquisition and Active Control of Movable Aerodynamic Elements Models And Simulations Road Tests Conclusions Acknowledgments References Chapter 14 Analyzing Driving Safety Using Vehicle-Water-Filled Rutting Dynamics Model and Simulation Abstract Introduction “Vehicle-Water-Filled Rutting” Open-Loop Dynamics Model Conclusions and Recommendations Acknowledgments References Section 4: Safety Analysis of Medicinal Units (Hospitals) Chapter 15 Establishing Patient Safety in Intensive Care— A Grounded Theory Abstract Introduction Method Findings Conclusion References Chapter 16 Analysis of Critical Incidents during Anesthesia in a Tertiary Hospital Abstract Introduction Methods Results Discussion References Chapter 17 Healthcare Professional’s Perception of Patient Safety Measured by the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Abstract Introduction Methods Results Discussion Conclusions Authors’ Contributions Acknowledgments References Chapter 18 Uncertainty of Clinical Thinking and Patient Safety Abstract Introduction The Uncertainty of Clinical Thinking How to Deal With the Uncertainty of Clinical Thinking Summary Authors’ Contributions References Index Back Cover