Understanding Chinese Multilingual Scholars’ Experiences Of Writing And Publishing In English: A Social-Cognitive Perspective

Description

This book analyses the English writing and publishing experiences of 118 scholars from 18 Chinese universities from a social-cognitive perspective. It addresses the challenges and strategies multilingual scholars, particularly Chinese academics, reported in the process of writing and publishing in English. This allows the author to present a taxonomy of journal article writing strategies that correspond to the lived experiences of scholars in China, but which can also be applied to other contexts in the world. This book offers a step-by-step analysis of ethnographic case studies, insights and implications for teaching practice, as well as suggested directions for future research. It will be of particular interest to scholars in the fields of ERPP (English for Research Publication Purposes) as well as students and scholars of applied linguistics more broadly. Preface......Page 5 References......Page 10 Contents......Page 13 Abbreviations......Page 17 List of Figures......Page 18 List of Tables......Page 19 1.1 Background of the Study......Page 20 1.2.1 A Brief History of International Publishing Development in China......Page 23 1.2.2.1 Large Number of Scientific Researchers and Publications......Page 24 1.2.2.2 Imbalance Between the Number of Publications and the Quality of Research......Page 25 1.2.2.3 Publication-oriented Academic Performance Evaluation System......Page 26 1.2.2.4 Outflow of High-quality Papers......Page 27 1.3 Purposes and Significance of the Study......Page 28 1.4 Features of Scientific Research and Discourse......Page 31 1.5 Layout of the Book......Page 33 References......Page 35 2.1 Overview......Page 42 2.2 Intercultural Rhetorical Theory......Page 43 2.3 Cognitive Process Theory......Page 45 2.4 Social Constructivist Theory......Page 50 2.5 Social-cognitive Framework of Writing for Publishing in English......Page 52 References......Page 58 3.1 Overview......Page 64 3.2 Challenges Faced by Multilingual Scholars......Page 65 3.3 Strategies Employed by Multilingual Scholars......Page 68 3.4 Controversial Issues in ERPP Studies......Page 70 3.5 Summary and Research Questions......Page 77 References......Page 79 4.1 Overview......Page 86 4.2 Justification for Ethnographic Case Study Design......Page 87 4.3 Research Setting and Participant Selection......Page 90 4.4 Instruments and Procedures......Page 92 4.4.1 Online Questionnaire Survey......Page 93 4.4.2 Semi-structured Interview......Page 95 4.5 Data Analysis......Page 98 4.6 Reliability, Validity and Role of the Researcher......Page 100 4.7 Summary......Page 102 References......Page 103 5.1 Overview......Page 107 5.2 Language Choices for Research Publication......Page 108 5.3 Causes of Unwillingness to Write and Publish in English......Page 110 5.4 Reasons for Manuscript Rejection......Page 112 5.5 The Most Difficult Sections in Writing Research Articles......Page 113 5.6 Difficulties in Communicating with Reviewers......Page 114 5.7 Language Problems in Academic Communication......Page 115 5.8 Imbalanced Distribution of Resources......Page 116 5.9 Lack of Training in Academic Writing......Page 118 5.10 Summary......Page 119 References......Page 121 6.1 Overview......Page 124 6.2 Background Information of Professor Zhao......Page 125 6.3 Discursive Strategies......Page 127 6.3.1 Discourse-Organizing Strategies......Page 128 6.3.2 Discourse-Cohesive Strategies......Page 131 6.3.3 Awareness of Rhetorical Difference Across Languages......Page 134 6.4.1 Language Selecting Strategies......Page 136 6.4.2 Planning Strategies......Page 138 6.4.3 Monitoring and Modulating Strategies......Page 139 6.5.1 Revising Strategies......Page 141 6.5.2 Responding Strategies......Page 145 6.6.1 Training Academic Team......Page 148 6.6.2 Being Confident......Page 151 6.7 Summary......Page 153 References......Page 154 7.1 Overview......Page 159 7.2.1 Organization......Page 160 7.2.2 Use of the First-person Pronoun......Page 164 7.2.3 Hedging Devices......Page 165 7.2.4 Awareness of Rhetorical Differences Between English and Chinese......Page 166 7.3.1 Language Selection......Page 168 7.3.2 Journal Selection......Page 169 7.3.3 Writing Directly in English......Page 170 7.4.1 Imitation Strategies......Page 171 7.4.2 Writing More......Page 172 7.4.3 Point-by-point Responses to the Reviewer......Page 174 7.5.1 Extensive Cooperation......Page 175 7.5.2 Seeking Help from Language Editing Services......Page 177 7.6 Summary......Page 180 References......Page 181 8.1 Overview......Page 186 8.2.1 Organizing Strategies......Page 187 8.2.2 Awareness of Rhetorical Differences Between English and Chinese......Page 191 8.3.1 Writing Directly in English......Page 192 8.4 Cognitive Strategies......Page 193 8.4.2 Rearranging the Content......Page 194 8.4.3 Rewriting the Content......Page 197 8.4.4 Language Revising Strategies......Page 198 8.4.5 Responding Strategies......Page 202 8.5.1 Seeking Help from the Convenience Editor......Page 204 8.5.2 Being Patient......Page 206 8.6 Summary......Page 207 References......Page 208 9.1 Overview......Page 210 9.2.1 Problem-oriented Logic......Page 211 9.2.2 Elements of Research Article Introductions......Page 212 9.2.3 Genre Awareness......Page 213 9.3.1 Language Selection......Page 216 9.3.2 Epiphany......Page 218 9.4.1 Incorporating the Reviewers’ Suggestions in Revisions......Page 219 9.4.2 Writing in Plain Language......Page 222 9.6 Summary......Page 223 References......Page 225 10.1 Overview......Page 227 10.2.1 Challenges Chinese Multilingual Scholars Faced in Publishing in English......Page 228 10.2.2 Taxonomy of Writing Strategies for Publishing International Journal Articles......Page 234 10.3 Pedagogical Implications for Academic English Writing and ERPP Writing......Page 236 10.4 Suggestions for Further Study......Page 245 References......Page 247 Appendix A: Survey of Chinese Scholar’s English Writing and Publishing Experience (Online)......Page 250 (English Version)......Page 251 Appendix B: Scholars Interview Guide......Page 258 Index......Page 260