Developmental Evaluation of Children and Adolescents: A Psychodynamic Guide

Description

Developmental Evaluation of Children and Adolescents: A Psychodynamic Guide offers an in-depth, multiperspective analysis of any delays, regressions, or aberrations in a child’s developmental trajectory. Blackman and Dring help the evaluator understand the child’s internal conflicts, as well as the family/environmental context in which the child functions. Chapters move longitudinally through the developmental stages. In each chapter, there are several "key questions" for evaluators to ask parents, fulfilling the need for clinicians to quickly assess children, followed by a longer question sheet and explanation of various answers to the questions for a more thorough assessment. Each chapter also provides a discussion of the child’s phase and a table listing the questions and answers for quick reference. Finally, brief case studies demonstrate how the developmental history and the initial session with the child should be integrated. This book serves as an essential clinical guide to the developmental evaluation of children and will be suitable for all therapists working with children. Cover Endorsement Page Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents List of Illustrations Figures Tables About the Authors One-Page Developmental History Checklist ofQuestions for Quick Evaluations All Key Questions to Be Answered by Parents aboutEach Developmental Phase: Summary A Memo to Readers about Why We Decided toWrite This Book What This Book Is and What It Isn’t Chapter 1: The Theoretical Basis of This Book Autonomous Ego Functions (Sometimes Referred to as the Development of Cognitive Abilities) Ego Strengths Object Relations Theories Attachment Theory Self-Psychology Superego Development Conflict Theory Summary Chapter 2: Structure for Evaluation Meet with the Parents Overview Initial Session Dealing with Resistances in the Parents Psychotherapist-Child Interaction (with Parent Present if Needed) or Interview with an Adolescent Meet with the Parents Again for an Interpretive and Planning Discussion Chapter 3: Pregnancy and the Immediate Post-partum Period Key Questions Regarding Pregnancy and the Immediate Post-partum Period Answers to the Key Questions Essay Pregnancy as a Developmental Phase or Process Attachment and the Prenatal Period Alternative Pathways to Parenthood Pregnancy after Prior Loss Case History Chapter 4: Birth to 1 Year of Age Key Questions Answers to the Questions Evaluation of the Child Essay Introduction Nota Bene Diagnostic Classification Systems Theories for Assessing the Infant-Caregiver Relationship Specific Symptom Complexes Sleep Disorders Feeding and Eating Disorders Temperament Depressive Disorders in Infants and Mothers Assessment Measures for Use with Infants Case Example Evaluation of Parent-Infant Interaction Interpretive Meeting and Recommendations to Jane Follow-Up Chapter 5: Ages 1–3 Separation-Individuation Key Questions to Be Answered by Parents Answers to Key Questions and What They Mean The Child Evaluation Interview Essay Case Example Chapter 6: Ages 2–7 First Genital Phase Key Questions for Parents Answers to Key Questions and What They Mean Background Information about This Phase Essay Case Example The Case of Mikey, Age 5 The Initial Parent Interview(s) Chief Complaints by the Parents Regarding the Child’s Problems Other Data Obtained from the Parental Interview Current Family Situation Pregnancy and Delivery History Medical History Developmental History First Year of Life Second Year of Life Third Year of Life Observation of Mikey (of Necessity, First with His Parents) Recommendations to the Parents (“Interpretive Meeting”) Epilogue Chapter 7: Ages 6½–11½ Latency Key Questions for Parents Answers to the Key Questions Looking for Disturbance of Developing Morality Essay The Superego Ego Functions Attachment and Socialization Drive Activity Defensive Operations in Latency Compromise Formations Psychological Testing Intellectual Assessments Behavior-Related Assessments Emotional Functioning Case History Developmental History Pregnancy 0–1 Year: Oral, Attachment, “Normal Symbiosis” and Early Hatching (Separation Phase) 1–3 Years: Symbiotic and Later Separation Phases Leading to Self and Object Constancy Age 3–6 Years: First Genital Phase and Object Constancy Age 6–9: Latency (Self and Object Stabilization, [ Knight, 2005 ]) Meeting with the Child (Continuing the Evaluation) Initial Formulation and Discussion with the Parents Chapter 8: Ages 10½–Puberty: Preadolescence Key Questions for Parents Answers to the Questions and What They Mean Essay Case Example Background and Presenting Problem Interview with Jane, the Mother Interview with Tom, the Father Developmental History Pregnancy and Immediate Postpartum Period 0–1 Years of Age 1–3 Years 3–6 Years of Age 6–10 Years of Age Age 11 Interview with Gayle Mental Status Assessment Formulation Diagnostic and Treatment Recommendations Epilogue Chapter 9: Ages 13–20+ Adolescence Key Questions for Parents of Adolescents Ego Functions of Language, Integration, and Reality Testing Ego Strengths Object Relations Superego and Ego Ideals Conflicts, Defenses, and Compromise Formations Meanings of Answers to Questions Ego Functions Ego Strengths Object Relations Superego and Ego Ideals Conflicts: Drives, Defenses, and Compromise Formations Essay Introduction Puberty and Adolescent Stages Identity and Object Relations Theories Superego Development Substance Abuse Defenses and Conflicts Affects Compromise Formations in Adolescence Neuropsychoanalysis, Neurobiology, and Brain Development Case History Presenting Problem and Background Information Developmental History (Taken from the Mother) Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period (in Russia) 0–1 Year of Age 1–3 Years of Age 3–6 Years of Age 6–10 Years of Age 11–13 Years of Age 13–17 Years of Age 17–17½ Years of Age Evaluation Interviews with the Teenager Past Family History Mental Status Assessment Interpretive Meeting with Vera and Dmitri Epilogue Appendix A: Autism Spectrum and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders Regarding ADHD, ASD, and Psychological Testing ASD ADHD Our Opinions Essay Diagnostic Psychological Testing for ADHD ADHD According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5-TR (DSM-5-TR)-Symptom-Based Diagnosis without Developmental History Diagnostic Complications The Following Are Specific Areas of Inquiry for the Parent and Child/Adolescent Where the Symptom Picture Suggests ADHD Parent Interview Medical Issues May Have Relevance Drug or Alcohol Use by the Patient Is There a Family History of ADHD? Developmental History: The Rest of This Book! Interview with Child or Adolescent Evaluation Procedures and Specific Tests Cognitive/Academic Assessments Intellectual Testing/Achievement Testing Teacher/Parent/Child Rating Scales Personality Tests Continuous Performance Tests (CPTs) Executive Functioning Appendix B: Some Caveats and Disclaimers regarding Culture and Child-Rearing Practices References Index