Smart, Sustainable Manufacturing in an Ever-Changing World: Proceedings of International Conference on Competitive Manufacturing (COMA ’22)

Description

This book presents recent developments, research results, and industrial experience to increase the knowledge base of academics and industry. In a small world where trade is the new global driving force conquering countries and continents alike, international competitiveness is becoming the ultimate challenge. It requires high-quality products manufactured with state-of-the-art technologies at low cost under the assumption of highly efficient operations management as well as clear corporate goals and strategy. This in turn is based on improved engineering training and education, relevant applied research, and an active interaction between academia and industry. International Program Committee Foreword Submission Review Process Acknowledgements Contents Production Systems and Organizations Identification of Residual Development Efforts in Agile Ramp-Up Production 1 Introduction 2 State of the Art 3 Objective 4 Case Study 5 Methodology 5.1 Modeling of Uncertainties 5.2 Identification an Periodization of Residual Development Efforts 6 Conclusions References Cross-Process Modeling of Manufacturing Process Sequences with Consideration of Model Uncertainties 1 Introduction 2 State of Research 2.1 Approaches to Design Manufacturing Process Sequences 2.2 Approaches to Deal with Uncertainties for the Design of Process Sequences 3 Methodology for Cross-Process Modeling Including Uncertainty Evaluation 3.1 Step 1—Process Models and Evaluation 3.2 Step 2—Generation of Cross-Process Models and Uncertainty Evaluation 3.3 Step 3—Evaluation Method for Improvement Options of Cross-Process Models 4 Conclusions References Modeling Interactions and Dependencies in Production Planning and Control 1 Introduction 2 Fundamentals 3 Research Question and Design 4 Structuring Levels to Describe Interactions within PPC 4.1 Level 1: Logistical Objectives 4.2 Level 2: PPC Tasks 4.3 Level 3: PPC Procedures/Procedure Classes 5 Conclusions References ARTI-Based Holonic Manufacturing Execution System Using the BASE Architecture: A Case Study Implementation 1 Introduction 2 Architecture Overviews 2.1 ARTI Architecture 2.2 BASE Architecture 3 Case Study 3.1 Hardware 3.2 Requirements 4 HMES Design and Implementation 4.1 Resource Type 4.2 Resource Instance 4.3 Activity Type 4.4 Activity Instance 4.5 Scheduling of Operations 4.6 Implementation with the BASE Architecture 5 Evaluation 5.1 Reconfigurability Experiment 5.2 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Production Systems and Organizations II Bridging the Gap Between Digital Human Simulation to Standard Performance with Human Work Design 1 The MTM-HWD® Process Building Block System 2 Application of MTM-HWD® 2.1 Building Block Elements 2.2 Influencing Factors—Lower Limbs 2.3 Influencing Factors—Trunk and Head/Neck 2.4 Influencing Factors—Upper Limbs 3 Categorization of the Influencing Factors 4 Determining the Information Through Human Simulations 4.1 Building Block Elements 4.2 Influencing Factors—Accuracies 4.3 Influencing Factors—Distances 4.4 Influencing Factors—Postures 4.5 Influencing Factors—Forces 5 Implementation With the Imk Ema Simulation Tool 6 Conclusion References Interface Holons in the BASE Architecture for Human-System Integration in Cyber-Physical Systems 1 Introduction 2 The Base Architecture 2.1 Background 2.2 Core Components and Plugins 2.3 The Three-Stage Activity Lifecycle 3 Interface Holons 4 Base Architecture Plugins For Interface Holons 5 Service Descriptions 5.1 Overview 5.2 Identifiers 5.3 Topics 6 Inter- and Intra-Holon Communications 6.1 Initialisation of Interface Holons 6.2 Observer Holons 6.3 Informer Holons 7 Interface Holon Activities and Attributes 8 Discussion 9 Conclusion References Design and Construction Framework to Enable the Modular Block Building Methodology to Broaden South African Oceans Economy 1 Introduction 2 Modern Ship Building Techniques 3 Ship Building/Construction Tenders and Contracts 4 Ship Design Office, Drawing Office and Production 5 International Benchmarking of Block Building Flexible Manufacturing Technology 6 Maritime Build Strategy For Economic Growth In SA 7 Proposed Management Solution For A Sustainable Ship Building Future 8 Conclusions References Production Controlling Governance to Ensure Homogenous Information Systems and Targeted Decision-Making Processes 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Background and Literature Review 2.1 The Idea of Governance 2.2 Production Controlling Within Companies 3 Approach for a Production Controlling Governance 3.1 Strategy 3.2 Organization and Roles 3.3 Processes 3.4 Key Figures and Display Elements 3.5 Information Technology 3.6 Standards and Requirements 4 Conclusion 5 Outlook References Automation, Human–Machine Interaction, Interfaces Sustainable Utilization of Industrial Robotic Systems by Facilitating Programming Through a Human and Process Centred Declarative Approach 1 Introduction 2 State of the Art of Industrial Robotic System Programming 3 Evaluating Robotic System Programming Approaches 4 Proposed Approach 5 Use Case Description and Evaluation 6 Discussion and Conclusions References Productivity Driven Dynamic Task Allocation in Human–Robot-Collaboration for Assembly Processes 1 Introduction 2 State Of The Art 2.1 Reasons for More Flexible and Responsive Production 2.2 Resilient Manufacturing 2.3 HRC and Dynamic Allocation 2.4 Productivity in HRC Through Human-Centred Automation 2.5 Semi-Autonomous Group Work in HRC 3 Methodical Approach 4 Solution Approach 4.1 Resilience Through Group Work in HRC 5 Flexible Production Through Semi-Autonomous Group Work At Werk150 6 Limits and Challenges 7 Critical Questioning 8 Conclusion and Outlook References Artificial Intelligence Based Robotic Automation of Manual Assembly Tasks for Intelligent Manufacturing 1 Introduction 2 State of the Art 3 Case Study: Vision-Based Gluing 3.1 Patch Brightness 3.2 Tamura Features 3.3 CNN AlexNet Feature Extraction 4 Experimental Setup and Results 4.1 Experimental Setup 4.2 Conventional Approach: Patch Brightness 4.3 Tamura Feature Extraction and SVM 4.4 CNN AlexNet and SVM 5 Discussion of Results 6 Conclusion and Future Work References Development of an AI-Based Method for Dynamic Affinity-Based Warehouse Slotting Using Indoor Localisation Data 1 Introduction 2 Warehouse Slotting Strategies 2.1 Common Dynamic Slotting Strategies 2.2 Limitation of Existing Methods 2.3 Selection of Slotting Strategy 3 Method for Affinity-Based Slotting Using Indoor Localization Technology 3.1 Capturing of Position Data 3.2 Assignment of to Position Data to Performed Picks 3.3 AI-Based Optimization of Storage Location Allocation 4 Demonstrator at Werk150 4.1 Baseline Scenario 4.2 Optimization Scenario 5 Conclusion References Enterprise Design and Digital Twins A Framework for Leveraging Twin Transition in the Manufacturing Industry 1 Introduction and Objective 2 Study Background and Perspective 3 Methodology 3.1 Eisenhardt’s Case Study Research Methodology 3.2 Case Studies in the Manufacturing Industry 4 A Framework for Leveraging the Twin Transition 4.1 Design Principles for Leveraging the Twin Transition 4.2 Areas of Action for Leveraging the Twin Transition 5 Application in the Plastics Industry 6 Conclusion References Virtual Reality for Interacting with a Manufacturing System Digital Twin—A Case Study 1 Introduction 2 Virtual Reality Experience 3 Real-Time Data Integration 4 Real Time Data Visualization in the Virtual Environment 5 Possibilities and Challenges 6 Conclusion References Accuracy in Digital Twinning; An Exploration Based on Asset Location 1 Introduction 2 Digital Twinning 3 Asset Loca(lisa)tion 4 Accuracy 4.1 Nomenclature 4.2 Accuracy in Loca(lisa)tion 5 Accuracy in Digital Twinning 5.1 Octrees for Asset Loca(lisa)tion 6 Concluding Remarks References Simultaneous Multi-stakeholder Digital Twinning for Anticipated Production Environments 1 Introduction 2 Digital Twinning 2.1 User Support 2.2 Requirements 3 Collaborative Interaction 3.1 Context 3.2 Approach for Configurating DT/DPs 4 Configuring Digital Twinning 4.1 Framework 4.2 Instantiated Digital Twinning Solution 5 Practical Application 6 Conclusion References Novel Engineering Concept and Innovation A Digital Service Engineering Training Course to Raise Competitiveness in Advanced Service Industries 1 Transition from Traditional to Modern Business Models 2 Methodology for Transformation 3 Steps and Methods 3.1 Phase of Business Analysis 3.2 Phase of Design 3.3 Phase of Implementation 3.4 Phase of Control 4 Development of a Training Program 5 Summary and Outlook References Modern Project Approaches in Shortening the Lead Time in Innovation for Young Emerging Companies Based on the Experienced Seniors Knowledge 1 Introduction 2 Necessity of a Digital Platform 3 The Concept Behind the Platform 4 Stakeholder Representation 5 The LMS Implementation 6 Business Development Plan 7 Applied Technology 8 Conclusions References Opportunities Presented by Industrial 4.0 Revolution to Revitalize the Railway Sector: A Review 1 Introduction 1.1 Background 2 Smart Signalling Using IoT and Data Analytics 2.1 Systematic Approach 3 Data Analytics to Optimize Rail Operations 3.1 Proposed Framework 4 Automated Fare Collection 4.1 Fare Collection Using Cloud Computing 4.2 Local Manufacturing Opportunities 5 Conclusions References Hybrid Approach on the Project Development Within Automotive Industry 1 Introduction 2 Automotive Industry 2.1 Industry Characteristics 2.2 Standards in Automotive 3 Project Management Methodologies 3.1 Waterfall Methodology 3.2 Iterative Methodology 3.3 Hybrid Methodology 4 Project Management Methodologies Under the Magnifier 4.1 Case Study on an Automotive Software Development Project 4.2 Questionary—Project Management Methodologies in the Automotive World 5 Another Approach 6 Conclusions References Human Integration The Application of ArchiMate for Planning the Implementation of Manufacturing Management Systems 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Manufacturing and Production Systems 2.2 Manufacturing Management Systems 2.3 Approaches for Architecting and Implementing Manufacturing and Management Systems 2.4 Related Work 3 Methodology 3.1 Modelling Approach 4 Case Study 5 Discussions 6 Conclusions References Overview of Design Dimensions for Ambidexterity in Manufacturing Innovation Management 1 Introduction 2 Objective and Research Methodology 3 Definitions 3.1 Manufacturing Innovation Management 3.2 Ambidexterity 4 Organizational Design Dimensions 4.1 Design Dimensions in Organizational Management 4.2 Organizational Design Dimensions in Ambidexterity Management 5 Organizational Ambidexterity in Manufacturing 5.1 Awareness and Consensus 5.2 Design Dimensions Classified as “Differentiation” 5.3 Design Dimensions Classified as “Integration” 6 Conclusions and Outlook References Possibilities and Challenges for Human-System Integration in the South African Manufacturing Context 1 Introduction 2 Workers in South African Manufacturing 2.1 Industry State and Challenges 2.2 Global Comparison 3 Workers in Intelligent Manufacturing Systems 4 Possibilities 4.1 Worker Training 4.2 Worker Assignment 4.3 Quality Assurance 4.4 Traceability of Manual Operations 4.5 Feedback to Control Pyramid 4.6 Worker Health 5 Challenges 5.1 ICT Infrastructure 5.2 Technology Acceptance 5.3 Investment Strategies 5.4 Risk and Safety Policies 5.5 System Reconfigurability 6 Conclusion References Systematization of Technological Capabilities for Connected Adaptive Production 1 Introduction 2 Research Methodology 3 Theoretical Background 3.1 Industry 4.0 3.2 Connected Adaptive Production 3.3 Technological Capabilities 4 Literature Review 4.1 Theory of CAP 4.2 Approaches for Describing Capabilities for Industry 4.0 4.3 Approaches for Describing Capabilities Related to Target State Aspects of Networked Adaptive Production 4.4 Approaches for Systematic Introduction of Industry 4.0 4.5 Overview on Examination of Existing Approaches 5 Results 5.1 Derivation of Model Structure 5.2 Characterization of Sub-Models 6 Conclusion References COVID-19 Manufacturing, Services, Business Models Did the Covid-19 Pandemic Improve Engineering Education?—A South African-German Perspective 1 Introduction 2 Theory and Methods 2.1 Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions 3 Germany 3.1 Teaching Staff Survey 3.2 Student Survey 4 South Africa 4.1 Teaching Staff Survey 4.2 Student Survey 5 Discussion 6 Concluding Comments References Typology and Implications of Equipment-as-a-Service Business Models in the Manufacturing Industry 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Typology of Eaas 3.1 Type 1: Availability-Based EaaS 3.2 Type 2: Usage-Based EaaS 3.3 Type 3: Output-Based EaaS 3.4 Type 4: Success-Based EaaS 4 Implications of EaaS 5 Summary and Limitations References Investigating the Shattering Index of Coal Fines Briquettes Produced with Natural Binders 1 Introduction 2 Research Methodology 2.1 Aim of the Investigation 2.2 Material Description 2.3 Sample Preparation 2.4 Experiment Procedure 3 Results 4 Conclusion References Kanban in Software Development—The Role of Leadership and Metrics 1 Introduction 2 The Role of Leadership in the Lean Methodology 3 Lean and Kanban—Applying Lean Principles in the Development of Software Products 4 Case Study: A Practical Implementation of the Kanban Framework 4.1 Provide Training and Clearly Explain the Benefits of Adopting Kanban 4.2 Identify the Current Development Process 4.3 Allow the Teams to Experiment with the New Implementation Method 4.4 Visualize the Workflow 4.5 Set Ground Rules 4.6 Ensure There is a Professional Kanban Leader Within the Team 4.7 Manage the Flow of Work Items 4.8 Implement Key Performance Indicators 5 Key Performance Indicators Used in Kanban for Measuring the Delivery of Software Products 5.1 Cycle Time 5.2 Lead Time 5.3 Throughput 5.4 Work in Progress (WIP) 5.5 Tact Time 5.6 Monte Carlo Simulations 5.7 Cumulative Flow Diagram (CFD) 6 Conclusions References Extended Reality Application of Augmented Reality for the Training in the Field of Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning 1 Introduction 2 Extended Reality—XR 3 Augmented Reality (AR) 4 Review of Related Works 5 Significance of AR Technology for Scientific Partner Bitzer Kühlmaschinenbau GMBH 6 Use Case: AR App as a Tool for Visualization of the Structure and Functions of a Screw Compressor in Training 6.1 Motivation 6.2 AR Application for the Visualization of the Structure and Functions of a Screw Compressor in Education and Training 6.3 Evaluation of the AR Application in Education and Training at BITZER 7 Experience Report 7.1 Experience Report at BITZER Company 7.2 Experience Report Within Refrigeration and Compressor Lectures at the University of Applied Sciences Karlsruhe References Augmented Reality for Operators in Smart Manufacturing Environments: A Case Study Implementation 1 Introduction 2 Case Study Description 3 Developing An Augmented Reality Experience 3.1 Applied Resources for Creating the AR Content 3.2 Recognizing the Factory Model With the AR System 3.3 Visualizing Digital Multi-media Objects in the Real World 3.4 Real-Time Data Exchange and Interaction 4 Evaluation of the Augmented Reality Application 5 Conclusion References Augmented Reality Combined with Machine Learning to Increase Productivity in Fruit Packing 1 Introduction 2 Literature 2.1 Augmented Reality 2.2 Machine Learning 3 Methods and Materials 3.1 Augmented Reality Device 3.2 Machine Learning Component 3.3 Prototype System 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion and Recommendations References Enterprise Design Measuring the Impact of Sustainability of Product-Service-Systems 1 Introduction 2 Research Approach 2.1 Basic Definition and Holistic View 2.2 Methods for System Modeling 3 Corporate Sustainability Indicators 3.1 Corporate Sustainability Frameworks 3.2 Identification of the Most Important Sustainability Indicators 4 Applicability to PSS-BM 4.1 Sustainable Business Model for PSS 4.2 Demonstration of the Impact Model 5 Conclusions References People, Process, Master Data, Technology: Data-Centric Engineering of Manufacturing Management Systems 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Background 2.1 Manufacturing Management Systems 2.2 Data and Data Types 2.3 Shop Floor Process Reengineering 2.4 Data Centric Engineering 3 Methodology 3.1 Implementation Framework 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Derivation of Requirements for the Formation of Collective Target Systems for Technology-Based Cooperation Between Manufacturing Corporates and Startups 1 Introduction 2 Research Methodology 3 Theoretical Background 3.1 Fundamentals of Organization Theory 3.2 Target System 3.3 Characteristics of Entrepreneurial Targets 3.4 Strategic Cooperation Target Space 3.5 Technology-Based Cooperation 4 Literature Review 4.1 Approaches for the Definition of Requirements 4.2 Approaches for the Modelling of Target Systems 4.3 Derivation of Theoretical Deficits 4.4 Interim Summary 5 Results 5.1 Systematic Description and Structured Delineation of Cooperation Requirements and Targets 5.2 Systematic Analysis of Individual Target Systems to Create a Collective Target System 5.3 Formulation of the Startup Target System Depending on the Life Cycle Phases 5.4 Determination of the Effective Relationships Between Requirements and Targets in the Cooperation 5.5 Evaluation of the Requirements Compatibility and Importance for the Cooperation Design 5.6 Equivalent Consideration of Cooperation Targets from Both the Corporate and Startup Perspectives 6 Conclusion and Future Research 6.1 Conclusion 6.2 Future Research References Resources Collaboration and Optimization in Industry 4.0 Environments 1 Introduction and Motivation I4.0 2 Production Capacity and Operational Optimization 2.1 Production Systems 2.2 Flexibility and Transformability 2.3 Transformation Enablers 3 Industrial Changes in I4.0 3.1 Humans and Machines 3.2 Means of Production 3.3 Capacity Planning 4 Financial Models and Savings Potentials 5 Conclusion and Outlook References Production Systems and Maintenance Investigation of Predictive Maintenance Algorithms for Rotating Shafts Under Various Bending Loads 1 Introduction 1.1 Technical Monitoring for Rotating Machines in AMS 1.2 Research Contribution 2 Literature Review 2.1 PdM Strategies 2.2 Current CM and PdM Systems that Have the Potential for Implementation 3 Experimental Layout 3.1 Problem Definition/Formulation 3.2 Method of Analysis 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Vibration Response 4.2 K-Means Clustering Prediction Score 4.3 DBSCAN Clustering Prediction Score 5 Conclusions and Recommendations References Analysis and Modelling of the Track Quality Index of Railways 1 Introduction 2 Background 2.1 Track Quality Index 2.2 Network Spatial Analysis 3 Methodology 3.1 Spatial Analysis Along Networks (SANET) 3.2 ArcGIS 3.3 Track Quality Index Data Analysis Framework 4 Case Study 4.1 Three-Dimensional Extrusion 4.2 Exceedance Density Points on Basemap 4.3 Interpretation of Methodology Outputs 5 Conclusions References A Project Management Framework for the Modernisation of Passenger Railway Depots in Developing Countries 1 Introduction 2 Development of a Modernisation Framework for Passenger Railway Depots 2.1 Modernisation Transitional Framework 2.2 Developed Multidisciplinary Project Management Framework (MPMF) 3 Conclusion References A Gamified Learning Approach Using Systems Modelling for Understanding the Effects of Asset Management Decision-Making 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Literature Overview 2.1 Asset Management 2.2 Gamification in Education and Training 2.3 Simulation in Education and Training 3 Conceptual Model 4 Model Construction 4.1 Simulation-Based Game Model 4.2 Game Environment 5 Future Work 6 Conclusions References Supply Chain Opportunities for Visualising Complex Data by Integrating Virtual Reality and Digital Twins 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Opportunities in Using Virtual Reality for Digital Twins 3.1 Data Visualisation and Decision Making 3.2 Digital Twin Integration 4 Challenges of Virtual Reality for Digital Twins 4.1 Data Visualisation and Decision Making 4.2 Digital Twin Integration 5 Conclusion and Future Work References Prototypical Blockchain Application for Mapping Complex Products in Dynamic Supply Chains 1 Introduction 1.1 Related Works and Rational of the Paper 2 Prototypical Application 2.1 Authority Concept 2.2 Smart NFT Concept 3 Results 4 Conclusion References Development of a Procedure Model to Compare the Picking Performance of Different Layouts in a Distribution Center 1 Introduction 2 Picking Methods and Performance 3 Development of a Procedure Model 3.1 Options of Warehouse Layouts 3.2 Calculation of Picking Performance 3.3 Procedure Model to Determine Pick Face Zones 4 Case Study in the Automotive Industry 5 Conclusions References Feasibility Assessment of 5G Use Cases in Intralogistics 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Classification of 5G Use Cases 4 Results 5 Opportunities for Further Research References Manufacturing Systems Carbon Capture and Utilization in Cement Industry—Aspects of the Production of E-Fuels by Upcycling Carbon Dioxide 1 Introduction and Motivation 2 Process Chain and Respective Technologies 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References A Procedure to Achieve Single Minute Exchange of Die for Cold Roll Forming 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Tool Change-Over 2.2 SMED 2.3 Conventional Cold Roll Forming Mill Design Process 3 Methodology 3.1 Change-Over and Setup Process 3.2 Forming Die 3.3 Simulation of the Forming Process 4 Prototype Trial Run’s and Results 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion 7 Recommendations References Machine Learning for Soft Sensors and an Application in Cement Production 1 Introduction 2 Neural Networks for Time Series Prediction 2.1 Deep Neural Networks (DNN) 2.2 Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) 2.3 Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) 3 Auxiliary Methods 3.1 Metrics 3.2 Autoencoder for Anomaly Detection 4 Experiments 4.1 Hyperparameter Grid Search 4.2 Reaction to Outlier 5 Conclusion References Framework for Integrating Intelligent Product Structures into a Flexible Manufacturing System 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 The Nature of Problems in Flexible Assembly 2.2 Definition of Intelligent Products 2.3 Classification of Intelligent Products 3 Conceptual Framework 3.1 Purpose and Requirement Specification 3.2 Framework Structure 4 Use Case: Werk150 4.1 The Initial Situation at Werk150 and Focus Area 4.2 Definition Phase 4.3 Analysis and Evaluation Phase 4.4 Design Phase 5 Summary and Outlook References Manufacturing Technologies I A Force Controlled Polishing Process Design, Analysis and Simulation Targeted at Selective Laser Melted Ti6Al4V Aero-Engine Components 1 Introduction 2 Process and Material Classification 2.1 Material Properties and Contribution 3 Force Control Analysis 3.1 Analytical Analysis 3.2 Empirical Analysis 4 Machine Design and Development 5 Simulation 6 Conclusions References An Overview of Additive Manufacturing Research Opportunities in Transport Equipment Manufacturing 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Results 3.1 Development of Additive Manufacturing Based Hybrid Metal/Polymer Structures 3.2 Developing New Materials by Combining Ceramic and Metal Powders for Improved Hardness and Toughness 3.3 Investigating High Strength Alloys for Producing Parts with Superior Properties for Aerospace and Automotive Applications 3.4 Additive Manufacturing as an Enabling Technology for Producing Spare Parts for the Transport Equipment Manufacturing Industry 3.5 Developing Automated Decision Support Systems for Qualifying Parts for Additive Manufacturing 3.6 Integration of Sensors in Additive Manufactured Components for Smart Manufacturing Applications 3.7 Development of Flexible Modular Tooling Systems Based on Additive Manufacturing 3.8 Challenges Associated with Different AM Technologies 4 Conclusions References Dimensional Stability of Mineral Cast for Precision Machinery 1 Introduction 2 State of the Art 3 Experimental Study 3.1 Specimen Description 3.2 Test Rig 3.3 Sensors 3.4 Water Exposure Measurements 3.5 Grinding Oil Exposure Measurements 4 Conclusion and Outlook References Effect of Mercerization on Coconut Fiber Surface Condition for Use in Natural Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Method 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Surface Topology of Untreated Fibers 3.2 Visual Appearance Observation 3.3 Surface Topology SEM 4 Conclusion 5 Recommendations References Manufacturing Technologies II Understanding the Structural Integrity and Post-processing of L-PBF As-Built Ti-6Al-4V Parts: A Literature Review 1 Introduction 2 Approach 2.1 Criterion for Selecting the Literature 2.2 Limitations of the Methodology 3 Summary of Key Literature Findings 3.1 Microstructure 3.2 Porosity 3.3 Residual Stresses 3.4 Surface Roughness 4 Problem-Solving Strategies of L-PBF Outputs 4.1 Microstructure 4.2 Surface Roughness 4.3 Residual Stresses 4.4 Porosity 5 Conclusion References Towards a Virtual Optical Coordinate Measurement Machine 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Optical VCMM Development and Testing 3.1 Task Related Calibration 3.2 Actual Measurements 4 Experimental Testing of the VCMM 5 Conclustion References Turn-Milled High-Friction Surfaces—Investigations on the Influence of Nominal Surface Pressure and Load Direction 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Microstructuring by Turn-Milling 2.2 Tribological Evaluation 2.3 Surface Evaluation 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Influence of Profile Tip Angle and Nominal Surface Pressure 3.2 Direction-Depending Friction Properties 4 Conclusions References The Development and Inverse Kinematics of a 5 DOF Parallel Kinematic Architecture Machining System 1 Introduction 2 Desktop Prototype 3 Full-Scale Design 3.1 The Machine Frame 3.2 Linear Actuator Design and Assembly 3.3 Spindle Design and Other Auxiliary Equipment 4 Inverse Kinematic Analysis 5 Conclusions References Smart Data Driving Big Data Capabilities and Sustainable Innovation in Organisations 1 Introduction 2 A Review of Existing Maturity Models 2.1 Existing Models 2.2 Limitations and Shortcomings 2.3 Opportunities 3 Methodology and Design Approach 3.1 Methodology 3.2 Design Iterations 4 Big Data Analytics Maturity Model 4.1 Model Overview 4.2 Continuous Model Improvement 4.3 Model Application 4.4 Model Differentiators 5 Validation 5.1 Evaluation Against Established Benchmark 5.2 Case Studies 6 Conclusions References Indoor Positioning Using a Single PTZ Camera 1 Introduction 2 Concept Description 2.1 Determination of the Camera Position 2.2 Transformation Parameter Calculation 2.3 Determination of the Object Markers Inside the Camera Coordinate System 2.4 Determination of the Rotation Angle 3 Experimental Setup 3.1 The PTZ Camera 3.2 Fiducial Markers 3.3 Measuring Procedure 3.4 Measurement Results 4 Conclusion and Future Work References Data Analytics in Industrial Engineering for Economic Sustainability: A Use Case on Planning and Controlling of Rework 1 Introduction 2 Methodological Approach 3 Concept Application 3.1 Business Understanding 3.2 Data Understanding 3.3 Data Preparation 3.4 Modelling 3.5 Evaluation 3.6 Deployment 4 Conclusion References Finite Element Analysis of the Stress Distribution in a Novel Brake Beam of a Railcar 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusions References Manufacturing Technology and Materials A Kinematics Study on a Ni-D Electroplating Process for Enhancing the SuperAbrasive Grinding Wheel Quality 1 Introduction 2 Design and Development of a NI-D Electroplating Set up 3 Kinematics of the Diamond Abrasives and Nickel Ions 4 Simulation 5 Conclusions References The Effect of Minimum Quantity Lubrication on Selected Surface Integrity Attributes When Machining Grade 4 Titanium Alloy 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Program 2.1 Specimen Preparation 2.2 Experimental Setup 2.3 Cutting Forces Measurement 2.4 Surface Roughness Measurements 2.5 Residual Stress Measurements 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Effect of MQL on Cutting Forces 3.2 Effect of MQL on Surface Roughness 3.3 Effect of MQL on Residual Stress 4 Conclusions References Laser Shock Peening: A NbC Based Cermet Enhancement Alternative for Improved GCI Interrupted Face-Milling 1 Introduction 2 Experimental Procedure 2.1 Sintering 2.2 Characterization 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Mechanical Properties 3.2 Young’s Modulus 3.3 Face Milling 4 Conclusions References Evaluating the Relationship Between Powder Characteristics, Defects, and Final Build Properties for L-PBF WC–Co 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Raw Materials 2.2 Methodology 3 Results and Discussions 3.1 Initial Characterization 3.2 Post Printing Characterization 4 Conclusion References Manufacturing Systems An Overview of the Manufacturing Systems: A Literature Survey 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Literature Review 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusions References Research Endeavors Towards Predictive Modelling of a Grinding Process 1 Introduction 2 Grinding Model Development 3 Experimental Setup and Data Collection 4 Process Parameters and Required Outputs 5 Results and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Role of Grinding Spark Image Recognition on Enhancing the Smart Grinding Technology for Ti6Al4V Alloy 1 Introduction 2 AR in Manufacturing 2.1 Developing a Successful AR Application in Manufacturing 2.2 Grinding Spark Analysis 3 Experiment Setup and Grinding Conditions 4 Proposed Framework for Prediction Model of Wheel Wear 5 AR Software and Components 6 Image Processing 7 Conclusions References Hybrid Production Principles: A Framework for the Integration in Aircraft Manufacturing 1 Introduction 2 A Literature Review: Hybrid Production Principles and Their Potentials 3 Research Methodology 4 Challenges in the Adoption of Hybrid Production Principles in Aircraft Manufacturing 5 Framework for the Integration of Hybrid Production Principles in Aircraft Manufacturing 6 Conclusion References