Percolation, Scaling, and Relaxation in Polymer Dielectrics

Description

This book provides a foundational understanding of polymer dielectrics based on percolative composites. It covers the microstructure and physical properties, such as dielectric, electrical, magnetic, and rheological properties, of polymer composites, as well as how these properties can be explained using various theoretical models and spectroscopy techniques, such as dielectric spectroscopy, impedance spectroscopy, and conductivity spectroscopy. The book also discusses non-percolative polymer composites and the suitability of polymer dielectrics for electrical energy storage in various devices. It is intended for graduate students and professionals in fields such as condensed matter physics, applied physics, statistical physics, materials science, polymer science and technology, chemistry, and engineering. It will be particularly useful for physicists, materials scientists, polymer scientists, chemists, engineers, and others interested in the physics and applications of percolative composites based on polymer matrix. Preface Acknowledgements About This Book Contents About the Author 1 Introduction 1.1 Review of Scientific Literature 1.2 Scope of the Book 1.3 Organization of the Book References 2 Fundamentals of the Models and Spectroscopic Techniques 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Fundamental Concepts 2.2.1 Concept of Connectivity 2.2.2 How Composites Work? 2.3 Theoretical Models 2.3.1 Effective Medium Approximations 2.3.2 Percolation Theory 2.4 Spectroscopic Techniques 2.4.1 Dielectric Spectroscopy 2.4.2 Impedance Spectroscopy 2.4.3 Conductivity Spectroscopy 2.5 Magnetic Percolation Threshold 2.6 Summary References 3 Synthesis and Characterization of Polymer Composites 3.1 Sample Preparation 3.1.1 Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Powders 3.1.2 Formation of Polymer Composites 3.2 Physical Characterization Techniques 3.2.1 Structure 3.2.2 Microstructure 3.2.3 Thermal Characterizations 3.2.4 Electrical Characterizations 3.2.5 Magnetic Characterizations 3.2.6 Rheological Characterizations 3.3 Summary References 4 Percolation Behavior of Polymer Composites 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Samples Reported 4.3 Results and Discussion 4.3.1 Filler Size Dependence 4.3.2 Effect of Process Conditions and Particle Size 4.3.3 Effect of Temperature and Time 4.3.4 Effect of Matrices 4.3.5 Effect of Fillers 4.3.6 Effect of Cold Pressing 4.4 Summary References 5 Scaling Behavior of Percolative Polymer Composites 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Samples Reported 5.3 Results and Discussion 5.3.1 Microstructure 5.3.2 Stability of Composites 5.3.3 Dielectric Behavior 5.3.4 Frequency-Dependent Scaling Behavior 5.4 Summary References 6 Relaxation Behavior of Percolative Polymer Composites 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Samples Reported 6.3 Results 6.3.1 Experimental Dielectric Response 6.3.2 Frequency Dependent Dielectric Response Below fc 6.3.3 Normalization of Dipolar Relaxation 6.3.4 Frequency Dependent Dielectric Response Above fc 6.4 Discussion 6.4.1 Below fc 6.4.2 Above fc 6.5 Third Kind of Universal Dielectric Response 6.5.1 Microstructure 6.5.2 Dielectric Spectroscopy 6.5.3 Impedance and Conductivity Spectroscopy 6.6 Summary References 7 Impedance Spectroscopy of Percolative Polymer Composites 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Samples Reported 7.3 Results and Discussion 7.3.1 Microstructure 7.3.2 Impedance Spectroscopy 7.3.3 Modulus Spectroscopy 7.3.4 Conductivity Spectroscopy 7.4 Summary References 8 Magnetic and Rheological Behavior of Polymer Composites 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Samples Reported 8.3 Results and Discussion 8.3.1 Magnetic Properties 8.3.2 Rheological Properties 8.4 Summary References 9 Non-percolative Polymer Composites 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Samples Reported 9.3 Results and Discussion 9.3.1 Microstructure 9.3.2 Dielectric Properties 9.3.3 Conductivity Properties 9.4 Summary References 10 Ferroelectric Polymer Dielectrics 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Samples Reported 10.3 Results and Discussion 10.4 Summary 10.5 Scope for Future Possibilities References Appendix Calculation of Volume Fraction of Any Component in a Composite Bibliography