Statistical Analysis

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Cover Preface New to this edition. rewriting of Text Material. New Material added Throughout. New Problems. chapter rearrangement. Structural Modeling. ORganizatiOn and appROaCH HallmaRk elements COntents ResOuRCes fOR instRuCtORs ResOuRCes fOR students aCknOwledgments 1.1 IntroductIon 1.2 classIfIcatIon of structures Structural Elements. Tie Rods. Structural members that are subjected to a tensile force Beams. Beams are usually straight horizontal members used primarily Columns. Members that are generally vertical and resist axial Types of Structures. Trusses. When the span of a structure is required to be long and its depth Cables and Arches. Two other forms of structures used to span long Frames. Frames are often used in buildings and are composed of beams Surface Structures. A surface structure is made of a material having a 1.3 loads Dead loads. ExaMplE 1.1 live loads. Building Loads. The floors of buildings are assumed to be subjected to ExaMplE 1.2 Highway Bridge Loads. The primary live loads on bridge spans are Railroad Bridge Loads. The loadings on railroad bridges, as in Fig. 1–11, Impact Loads. Moving vehicles may bounce or sidesway as they move Wind Loads. When the speed of the wind is very high, it can cause massive Design Wind pressure for Enclosed buildings. ExaMplE 1.3 Design Wind pressure for Signs. Snow Loads. In some parts of the country, roof loading due to snow ExaMplE 1.4 Earthquake Loads. Earthquakes produce lateral loadings on a structure Hydrostatic and Soil Pressure. When structures are used to retain Other Natural Loads. Several other types of live loads may also have 1.4 structural desIgn aSD. lRFD. 2.1 IdealIzed Structure Support Connections. Idealized Structure. Tributary loadings. One-Way System. A slab or deck that is supported such that it delivers its Two-Way System. If 1 … (L example 2.1 example 2.2 example 2.3 2.2 load Path 2.3 PrIncIPle of SuPerPoSItIon 2.4 equatIonS of equIlIbrIum 2.5 determInacy and StabIlIty Determinacy. example 2.4 example 2.5 example 2.6 Stability. Partial Constraints. Instability can occur if a structure or one of its Improper Constraints. In some cases there may be as many unknown example 2.7 2.6 aPPlIcatIon of the equatIonS 3.1 Common Types of Trusses Roof Trusses. Bridge Trusses. Assumptions for Design. 3.2 ClassifiCaTion of Coplanar 3.3 The meThod of JoinTs ExAmplE 3.2 ExAmplE 3.3 3.4 Zero-forCe members ExAmplE 3.4 3.5 The meThod of seCTions ExAmplE 3.5 ExAmplE 3.6 ExAmplE 3.7 3.6 Compound Trusses ExAmplE 3.8 ExAmplE 3.9 ExAmplE 3.10 3.7 Complex Trusses ExAmplE 3.11 3.8 spaCe Trusses Determinacy and Stability. Assumptions for Design. Zero-Force members. ExAmplE 3.12 ExAmplE 3.13 Sec. 4.1 Internal loadIngs at a 4.2 shear and MoMent 4.3 shear and MoMent dIagraMs 4.4 shear and MoMent dIagraMs 4.5 MoMent dIagraMs 5.1 Cables 5.2 Cable subjeCted to 5.3 Cable subjeCted to a 5.4 Cable subjeCted to its own 5.5 arChes 5.6 three-hinged arCh ExamplE 5.5 ExamplE 5.6 ExamplE 5.7 6.1 Influence lInes ExamplE 6.1 ExamplE 6.2 ExamplE 6.3 ExamplE 6.4 ExamplE 6.5 ExamplE 6.6 6.2 Influence lInes for Beams Concentrated Force. uniform load. ExamplE 6.7 ExamplE 6.8 6.3 QualItatIve Influence lInes ExamplE 6.9 ExamplE 6.10 ExamplE 6.11 ExamplE 6.12 6.4 Influence lInes for floor 6.5 Influence lInes for trusses ExamplE 6.15 ExamplE 6.16 ExamplE 6.17 6.6 maxImum Influence at 6.7 aBsolute maxImum shear 7.1 Deflection Diagrams anD the 7.2 elastic-Beam theory Tabulated Results. 7.3 the DouBle integration 7.4 moment-area theorems example 7.4 example 7.5 example 7.6 example 7.7 example 7.8 example 7.9 example 7.10 7.5 conjugate-Beam methoD Conjugate-beam Supports. example 7.11 example 7.12 example 7.13 example 7.14 8.1 ExtErnal Work and Strain 8.2 PrinciPlE of Work 8.3 PrinciPlE of Virtual Work 8.4 MEthod of Virtual Work: 8.5 caStigliano’S thEorEM 8.6 caStigliano’S thEorEM 8.7 MEthod of Virtual Work: 8.8 Virtual Strain EnErgy 8.9 caStigliano’S thEorEM 9.1 Statically indeterminate 9.2 Force method oF analySiS: 9.3 maxwell’S theorem oF 9.4 Force method oF analySiS: 9.5 Force method oF analySiS: 9.6 Force method 9.7 comPoSite StructureS ExAMplE 9.9 9.8 Symmetric StructureS 9.9 inFluence lineS For 9.10 Qualitative inFluence lineS 10.1 Displacement methoD 10.2 slope-Deflection equations General Case. Angular Displacement at A, . Angular Displacement at B, . Relative Linear Displacement, . Fixed-End Moments. Slope-Deflection Equation. 10.3 analysis of Beams ExAMPLE 10.1 ExAMPLE 10.2 ExAMPLE 10.3 ExAMPLE 10.4 10.4 analysis of frames: 10.5 analysis of frames: siDesway ExAMPLE 10.7 ExAMPLE 10.8 ExAMPLE 10.9 ExAMPLE 10.10 11.1 General PrinciPles 11.2 MoMent distribution 11.3 stiffness-factor 11.4 MoMent distribution for 11.5 MoMent distribution for 12.1 Use of ApproximAte 12.2 trUsses ExamplE 12.1 ExamplE 12.2 12.3 VerticAl loAds on BUilding 12.4 portAl frAmes And trUsses Frames. Pin Supported. A typical pin-supported portal frame is shown in Partial Fixity. Since it is both difficult and costly to construct a fixed trusses. ExamplE 12.4 12.5 lAterAl loAds on BUilding 12.6 lAterAl loAds on BUilding 13.1 IntroductIon 13.2 LoadIng ProPertIes of 13.3 moment dIstrIbutIon 13.4 sLoPe-defLectIon equatIons 14.1 Fundamentals oF the 14.2 member stiFFness matrix 14.3 displacement and Force 14.4 member Global stiFFness 14.5 truss stiFFness matrix ExaMplE 14.1 ExaMplE 14.2 14.6 application oF the stiFFness 14.7 nodal coordinates ExaMplE 14.6 14.8 trusses havinG thermal 14.9 space-truss analysis 15.1 Preliminary remarks Member and Node Identification. Global and Member Coordinates. Code Numbers. 15.2 Beam-memBer stiffness 15.3 Beam-structure stiffness 15.4 aPPlication of the stiffness 16.1 Frame-member StiFFneSS 16.2 DiSplacement anD Force 16.3 Frame-member Global 16.4 application oF the StiFFneSS 17.1 General Structural 17.2 ModelinG a Structure 17.3 General application of Appendix A.1 BAsic Definitions AnD types A.2 MAtrix operAtions Equality of Matrices. Addition and Subtraction of Matrices. Multiplication by a Scalar. Matrix Multiplication. Transposed Matrix. Matrix Partitioning. A.3 DeterMinAnts A.4 inverse of A MAtrix Chapter 4 Chapter 7 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 1 2–13. (a) Stable and statically indeterminate to first degee. Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 1211–11. M Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16