The Chemistry inside Spices & Herbs: Research and Development, Volume 2

Description

The Chemistry inside Spices & Herbs: Research and Development brings comprehensive information about the chemistry of spices and herbs with a focus on recent research in this field. The book is an extensive 2-part collection of 20 chapters contributed by experts in phytochemistry with the aim to give the reader deep knowledge about phytochemical constituents in herbal plants and their benefits. The contents include reviews on the biochemistry and biotechnology of spices and herbs, herbal medicines, biologically active compounds and their role in therapeutics among other topics. Chapters which highlight natural drugs and their role in different diseases and special plants of clinical significance are also included. Part II continues from the previous part with chapters on the treatment of skin diseases and oral problems. This part focuses on clinically important herbs such as turmeric, fenugreek, ashwagandha (Indian winter cherry), basil, Terminalia chebula (black myrobalan). In terms of phytochemicals, this part presents chapters that cover resveratrol, piperine and circumin. Cover Title Copyright End User License Agreement Contents Foreword Preface List of Contributors Drugs from Natural Sources in the Management of Skin Diseases Deepa S. Mandlik1 and Yogesh A. Kulkarni2,* INTRODUCTION Skin Skin Infections HERBS AND PHYTOCONSTITUENTS FOR THE TREATMENT OF SKIN DISEASES Atopic Dermatitis (AD) Psoriasis Vulgaris Acne Vulgaris Skin Pigmentation Disorders Skin Microbial Infections Skin Cancer CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENT REFERENCES Turmeric and Curcumin for Arthritis: Evidence for Their Therapeutic Use Avinash Kundadka Kudva1, Chethan B Shetty2, Naveen Joseph Mathai3, Prajwal Prabhudev Mane2, Nikku Mathew Geevarughese4 and Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga5,* INTRODUCTION Plant-based Treatment for Arthritis Turmeric (Curcuma Longa Linn) and Arthritis Anti-arthritic Effects of Turmeric: Preclinical Studies Anti-arthritic Effects of Turmeric: Clinical Studies Mode of Action Free Radical Scavenging and Antioxidant Activity of Curcumin Anti-inflammatory Properties of Curcumin Curcumin Suppresses B Cell-activating Factor Curcumin Modulates Signal Transduction Pathways Curcumin Regulates Nuclear Transcription Factors Curcumin and Matrix Metalloproteinases Curcumin Stimulates Apoptosis of Synovial Fibroblasts CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENT REFERENCES Curcumin, the Principal Compound of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa Lin) in Oral Health: A Mini-Review Savita Lasrado1, Suresh Rao2, Lal Madathil2, Paul Simon2, Reewen George DSilva3 and Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga2,* INTRODUCTION Curcumin and Gingivitis Curcumin and Ulcers Oral Lichen Planus and Curcumin Candidiasis and Curcumin Herpes Simplex Virus and Curcumin Curcumin and Periodontitis Leukoplakia and Curcumin CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENT REFERENCES Resveratrol in Osteoarthritis: A Memoir Naveen Joseph Mathai1, Chethan B Shetty2, Nikku Mathew Geevarughese3, Prajwal Prabhudev Mane2, Errol Moras4 and Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga5,* INTRODUCTION Pathology Role of Resveratrol and NF-κβ Animal Studies on Resveratrol Human Studies on Resveratrol CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENT REFERENCES Piperine: An Alkaloid from Piper Species with a Wide Range of Therapeutic Properties Sunita Singh1,* INTRODUCTION ISOLATION TECHNIQUES OF PIPERINE FROM PEPPER Chemistry of Piperine Pharmacokinetics of Piperine THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES OF PIPERINE Antioxidant Properties Importance of Antioxidant Potential Anti-Inflammatory Properties Anti-diabetic Properties Neuroprotective Properties Anti-cancerous Properties Lung Cancer Genital Cancers Prostate Cancer Cervical and Ovarian Cancer Cancers of the Gastrointestinal Tract Breast Cancer Other Cancer Types Antimutagenic and Tumor Inhibitory Properties Other Physiological Properties Antimicrobial Properties Bioavailability Enhancing Effect of Piperine Advantage of Using Piperine as Bioenhancer Piperine Interactions with Drugs Proposed Mechanism for Bioenhancing Effect By Action on Drug Metabolizing Enzyme By Affecting the Blood Supply to GIT and Membrane Fluidity By Enhancing Drug Transport Marketed Product of Piperine as Bioenhancer with Drug STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP OF PIPERINE AND ITS ANALOGS TOXICITY DATA RELATED TO PIPERINE CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENT REFERENCES Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.): A Palatable Spice, An Active Herb, A Promising Functional Food, and Even More Alev Onder1,*, Ahsen Sevde Cinar1,2 and Serap Gur3 INTRODUCTION TRADITIONAL USAGES PHYTOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES Antidiabetic Activity Anticancer Activity Antioxidant Activity Anti-inflammatory Activity Male Sexual Functions Female Sexual Functions Anti-malarial Activity Antidepressant Activity Respiratory System Effects Anti-acanthamoeba Activity Antimicrobial Activity Miscellaneous Activities CONCLUDING REMARKS CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Clinical Aspects of Ashwagandha Pankaj Kumar Chaurasia1,*, Shashi Lata Bharati2,*, Sunil Kumar3 and Ashutosh Mani4 INTRODUCTION Recent Research Updates CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENT REFERENCES Phytoconstituents, Biological Properties, and Health Benefits of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Urvashi1,*, Ramandeep Kaur1 and Jyoti Gaba1 INTRODUCTION Place of Origin (Habitat) and Distribution Historical Background Botanical Description and Taxonomical Classification Culinary and Cosmetic Uses Traditional Medicinal Uses PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES Antioxidant Activity Anticancer Activity Antidiabetic Activity Effects on gastrointestinal disorders- Antihyperlipidemic and Anti-Ulcerative Activity Hepato-protective Activity Dermatological and Cosmetic Properties Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Activity Cardioprotective Activity CNS (CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM) ACTIVITIES- SEDATIVE, HYPNOTIC AND ANTICONVULSANT Effect on Testicular Toxicity and Fertility Insecticidal Activity Antimicrobial Activity HEALTH-PROMOTING PROPERTIES Neurocognition Oral Health and Healing Skin Health Anti-inflammatory Anti-mutagenic Antiproliferative Activity MARKET REGIONAL OUTLOOK CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENT REFERENCES Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Terminalia chebula: An Update Ojaskumar D. Agrawal1, 2 and Yogesh A. Kulkarni1,* INTRODUCTION METHODS BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, AND POWDER CHARACTERISTICS OF TERMINALIA CHEBULA Botanical Description, Distribution Taxonomical /Scientific Classification. Microscopic Description Powder Description Ecology and Distribution PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS BIOLOGICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF TERMINALIA CHEBULA Antioxidant Activity Anti-Ulcerogenic Activity Antibacterial Activity Antifungal Activity Antiviral Activity Cardio Protective Activity Cytoprotective Activity Radio Protective Activity Antidiabetic Activity Renoprotective Activity Anti-Inflammatory Activity Anti-Cancer Activity Anti-Typhoid Activity Anti-Caries Activity Wound Healing Activity Anti-Anaphylactic Action APPLICATION OF T. CHEBULA IN COSMETICS CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENT REFERENCES Role of Plants in Natural Medicinal Therapy G. S. Mulgund1 and Smita G. Bhat1,* INTRODUCTION Bioactivity of Herbal Medicine Current Status of Herbal Medicine Conservation of Medicinal Plants CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Subject Index Back Cover