Biotechnologies of Crop Improvement, Volume 3: Genomic Approaches

Description

During the past 15 years, cellular and molecular approaches have emerged as valuable adjuncts to supplement and complement conventional breeding methods for a wide variety of crop plants. Biotechnology increasingly plays a role in the creation, conservation, characterization and utilization of genetic variability for germplasm enhancement. For instance, anther/microspore culture, somaclonal variation, embryo culture and somatic hybridization are being exploited for obtaining incremental improvement in the existing cultivars. In addition, genes that confer insect- and disease-resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, herbicide tolerance and quality traits have been isolated and re-introduced into otherwise sensitive or susceptible species by a variety of transgenic techniques. Together these transformative methodologies grant access to a greater repertoire of genetic diversity as the gene(s) may come from viruses, bacteria, fungi, insects, animals, human beings, unrelated plants or even be artificially derived. Remarkable achievements have been made in the production, characterization, field evaluation and commercialization of transgenic crop varieties worldwide. Likewise, significant advances have been made towards increasing crop yields, improving nutritional quality, enabling crops to be raised under adverse conditions and developing resistance to pests and diseases for sustaining global food and nutritional security. The overarching purpose of this 3-volume work is to summarize the history of crop improvement from a technological perspective but to do so with a forward outlook on further advancement and adaptability to a changing world. Our carefully chosen “case studies of important plant crops” intend to serve a diverse spectrum of audience looking for the right tools to tackle complicated local and global issues. Front Matter ....Pages i-xx Marker-Assisted Breeding for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants (Shabir H. Wani, Mukesh Choudhary, Pardeep Kumar, Nudrat Aisha Akram, Challa Surekha, Parvaiz Ahmad et al.)....Pages 1-23 Dynamics of Salt Tolerance: Molecular Perspectives (Devinder Sandhu, Amita Kaundal)....Pages 25-40 Marker-Assisted Breeding for Disease Resistance in Crop Plants (Paul Joseph Collins, Zixiang Wen, Shichen Zhang)....Pages 41-57 Morpho-Physiological Traits and Molecular Intricacies Associated with Tolerance to Combined Drought and Pathogen Stress in Plants (Vadivelmurugan Irulappan, Muthappa Senthil-Kumar)....Pages 59-74 Genome Editing for Crop Improvement: Status and Prospects (Pooja Manchanda, Yadhu Suneja)....Pages 75-104 Utilization of Wild Species for Wheat Improvement Using Genomic Approaches (Satinder Kaur, Suruchi Jindal, Maninder Kaur, Parveen Chhuneja)....Pages 105-150 Genetics and Applied Genomics of Quality Protein Maize for Food and Nutritional Security (P. K. Agrawal, M. G. Mallikarjuna, H. S. Gupta)....Pages 151-178 Genetic Improvement of Basmati Rice: Transcendence Through Molecular Breeding (A. K. Singh, S. Gopala Krishnan, R. K. Ellur, M. Nagarajan, K. K. Vinod, P. K. Bhowmick et al.)....Pages 179-197 Groundnut Entered Post-genome Sequencing Era: Opportunities and Challenges in Translating Genomic Information from Genome to Field (Manish K. Pandey, Rajeev K. Varshney)....Pages 199-209 Marker-Assisted Breeding for Economic Traits in Common Bean (James D. Kelly, Nolan Bornowski)....Pages 211-238 Genomic Approaches to Enhance Stress Tolerance for Productivity Improvements in Pearl Millet (Srikanth Bollam, Vijayalakshmi Pujarula, Rakesh K. Srivastava, Rajeev Gupta)....Pages 239-264 Genomic-Assisted Enhancement in Stress Tolerance for Productivity Improvement in Sorghum (Kirandeep K. Romana, Girish Chander, Santosh Deshpande, Rajeev Gupta)....Pages 265-288 Chickpea Genomics (C. Bharadwaj, Supriya Sachdeva, Rajesh Kumar Singh, B. S. Patil, Manish Roorkiwal, Sushil Chaturvedi et al.)....Pages 289-316 Genomic-Assisted Breeding in Oilseed Brassicas (Surinder K. Sandhu, Gurpreet Singh)....Pages 317-348