Introduction to Algorithmic Government

Description

The world is changing at a fast pace, so is the Government and Governance style. Humans are bound to go for Algorithmic strategies rather than manual or electronic ones in different domains. This book introduces the Algorithmic Government or Government by Algorithm, which refers to authorizing machines in the Public Sector for automated decision-making based on Artificial Intelligence, Data Science, and other technologies. It is an emerging concept introduced globally and will be considered revolutionary in the future. The book covers concepts, applications, progress status, and potential use-cases of Algorithmic Government. This book serves as introductory material for the readers from technology, public policy, administration, and management fields. Preface Acknowledgments Contents About the Authors Abbreviations List of Figures List of Tables 1 Role of Technology in Decision Making 1.1 Background 1.2 Traditional Decision Making 1.3 Digitization of Government Services 1.4 Data Generation 1.5 Technology for Decision Making 1.6 Artificial Intelligence for Public Sector References 2 Background of Algorithmic Government 2.1 Concept of Algorithmic Government 2.2 Models of Algorithmic Government Forms of Algorithmic Government Layered Model of Governance 2.3 Advantages of Algorithmic Government 2.4 Disadvantages of Algorithmic Government 2.5 Limitations with Algorithmic Government 2.6 Practical Concerns with Algorithmic Government 2.7 Ethics with Algorithmic Government 2.8 Audits and Regulations with Algorithmic Government 2.9 Governance Structure for Algorithmic Government Government and Governance Algorithmic Government and Algorithmic Governance Separate Governance Structure References 3 Techniques and Technologies 3.1 Artificial Intelligence 3.2 Machine Learning & Deep Learning 3.3 Blockchain 3.4 Augmented Reality & Virtual Reality (AR & VR) 3.5 Big Data 3.6 Cloud Computing 3.7 Data Lakes 3.8 Digital Twin Technology 3.9 Edge Computing 3.10 Granular Computing 3.11 Fog of Things (FoT) References 4 Can AI Replace Government for Decision Making 4.1 Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Humans 4.2 Artificial Intelligence for Government & Politics Remunerations for Using AI in Politics AI-Driven Digital Government: The Engagement Model AI Applications for Government 4.3 How AI Can Benefit the Government 4.4 Impact of AI on the Nature of the Government 4.5 Biasness Due to AI 4.6 Challenges for Government While Adopting AI References 5 Applications of Algorithmic Government Around the World 5.1 America 5.2 Asia 5.3 Australia 5.4 Africa 5.5 Europe 5.6 Policy Level Progress Around the World 5.7 Prominent Global Projects References 6 Applications of Algorithmic Government in Different Sectors 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Healthcare Case Study 6.3 Agriculture Case Study 6.4 Education Case Study 6.5 Mobility & Transportation Case Study 6.6 Law Enforcement Case Study 6.7 Defense Case Study 6.8 Others References 7 Potential Use Cases of Algorithmic Government 7.1 Media The Problem of Fake News Why Fake News Spread Is a Concern? How Algorithms Can Provide Solution Which Analytical Techniques Can Help? Conclusion 7.2 Disaster Management The Problem of Floods as Natural Disaster Why Flooding Is a Problem? How Can Algorithmic Solution Help? Which Analytical Techniques to Use? Can There Be an Impact of Technology? 7.3 Education & Assessment The Problem of Transforming to Online Education Importance of Online Assessments Algorithmic Solution to Proctoring Analytical Techniques for AI Proctoring Impact of AI Proctoring on Online Education 7.4 Entrance Exams and Admissions Problem of Admissions to Educational Institutions Requirement of the Online Entrance Process Algorithmic Solution Analytical Techniques Used for Solution Impact of Algorithmic Solution 7.5 Funding & Loans The Problem of Loan Frauds Importance of Detecting Fraudulent Algorithmic Approach Techniques Used for Algorithmic Solution Impact of Algorithmic Solution 7.6 Online Reputation Management The Problem of Online Reviews for Government Importance of Online Sentiments Algorithmic Solution Analytical Techniques for Sentiments Impact of the Algorithmic Solution Further Readings Appendix A: Python Code for Use Case 1—Media Appendix B: Python Code for Use Case 2—Disaster Management Appendix C: Python Code for Use Case 3—Education & Assessment Appendix D: Python Code for Use Case 4—Entrance Exams & Admissions Appendix E: Python Code for Use Case 5—Funding & Loans Appendix F: Python Code for Use Case 6—Online Reputation Management Bibliography Index