Beyond Schools: Muḥammad B. Ibrāhīm Al-Wazīrʼs (D. 840/1436) Epistemology of Ambiguity

Description

In Beyond Schools: Muḥammad b. Ibrāhīm al-Wazīrʼs (d. 840/1436) Epistemology of Ambiguity, Damaris Wilmers offers the first extensive analysis of Ibn al-Wazīrʼs life and work and the significance of his thought for theological and legal diversity beyond the Yemeni context. ‎Contents ‎Acknowledgements ‎Introduction ‎Broader Intellectual Milieu ‎Research on Ibn al-Wazīr ‎Why Compare Ibn al-Wazīr to Ibn al-Murtaḍā? ‎Outline ‎Chapter 1. The Lives and Intellectual Environment of Ibn al-Wazīr and Ibn al-Murtaḍā ‎1. Muḥammad b. Ibrāhīm b. al-Wazīr’s (d. 840/1436) Biography ‎1.1. Sources on Ibn al-Wazīr’s Life ‎1.2. Ibn al-Wazīr’s Family and Upbringing ‎1.3. Ibn al-Wazīr’s Education and Intellectual Development ‎2. Aḥmad b. Yaḥyā b. al-Murtaḍā (d. 840/1436) as a Scholar ‎2.1. Teachers, Education and Students ‎2.2. Ibn al-Murtaḍā’s Works ‎2.3. Intellectual Controversy between Ibn al-Wazīr and Ibn al-Murtaḍā ‎3. Conclusion ‎Chapter 2. Ibn al-Wazīr’s Works ‎1. Al-Amr bi-l-ʿuzla ‎Content ‎2. Al-ʿAwāṣim wa-l-qawāṣim ‎Content ‎3. Al-Āyāt al-mubīnāt ‎Content ‎4. Āyāt al-aḥkām al-sharʿiyya ‎Content ‎5. Al-Burhān al-qāṭiʿ fī ithbāt al-ṣāniʿ ‎Content ‎6. Al-Ḥusām al-mashhūr ‎Content ‎7. Al-Istiẓhār bi-l-dalīl al-samʿī fī ʿadam wuqūʿ al-ṭalāq al-bidʿī ‎Content ‎8. Īthār al-ḥaqq ʿalā l-khalq ‎Content ‎9. Kitāb al-Qawāʿid ‎Content ‎10. Kitāb fī l-tafsīr ‎11. Majmaʿ al-ḥaqāʾiq wa-l-raqāʾiq fī mamādiḥ rabb al-khalāʾiq ‎Content ‎12. Manẓūma shiʿriyya fī uṣūl al-fiqh ‎Content ‎13. Masāʾil arbaʿa tataʿallaq bi-l-muqallad wa-l-mustaftī ‎Content ‎14. Masʾalat ikhtilāf al-Muʿtazila wa-l-Ashʿariyya fī ḥamd Allāh ʿalā l-īmān ‎Content ‎15. Masāʾil mustakhrajāt ‎16. Masāʾil shāfiyāt ‎Content ‎17. Masāʾil sharīfa ‎18. Mukhtaṣar mufīd fī ʿulūm al-ḥadīth ‎Content ‎19. Muthīr al-aḥzān fī wadāʿ shahr Ramaḍān ‎Content ‎20. Nuṣrat al-aʿyān ‎21. Qubūl al-bushrā bi-l-taysīr lil-yusrā ‎Content ‎22. Al-Rawḍ al-bāsim ‎Content ‎23. Al-Taʾdīb al-malakūtī ‎24. Taḥrīr al-kalām fī masʾalat al-ruʾya ‎Content ‎25. Takhṣīṣ āyāt al-jumʿa ‎Content ‎26. Tanqīḥ al-anẓār fī maʿrifat ʿulūm al-āthār ‎Content ‎27. Tarjīḥ asālīb al-Qurʾān ʿalā asālīb al-Yūnān ‎Content ‎28. Additional Works Ascribed to Ibn al-Wazīr ‎Chapter 3. Central Concepts of Ibn al-Wazīr’s Epistemological Thought ‎1. Definitions of Knowledge ‎1.1. Necessary (ḍarūrī) and Acquired (muktasab) Knowledge ‎1.2. A Shift in Distinction: from Necessary and Acquired to Necessary and Conjectural Knowledge (ʿilm ẓannī) ‎2. Definitions of the Means to Possess Knowledge ‎2.1. A Shift in the Definition: from Naẓar as Philosophical Speculation to Naẓar as Pious Contemplation ‎2.2. Shifting the Emphasis: Original Human Disposition (fiṭra) and Intellect (ʿaql) ‎3. The Proof of God’s Existence (ithbāt al-ṣāniʿ) ‎3.1. Proving God’s Existence by Inference (istidlāl) ‎3.2. Proving God’s Existence from Necessity (ḍarūra) ‎4. The Argument from the Absence of Evidence (dalālat nafy al-dalāla) ‎4.1. Absence of Evidence as an Argument for Certainty ‎4.2. Absence of Evidence as an Argument for Ambiguity ‎5. Conclusion ‎Chapter 4. Central Concepts of Ibn al-Wazīr’s Theological Thought ‎1. God’s Wisdom (ḥikma) as the Key to Harmonization ‎1.1. Ibn al-Wazīr’s Harmonization Regarding God’s Wisdom ‎1.2. Ibn al-Murtaḍā’s Concept of God’s Wisdom ‎1.3. Conclusion ‎2. Harmonized Doctrine: God’s Names (asmāʾ) and Attributes (ṣifāt) ‎2.1. Ibn al-Wazīr’s Harmonization Regarding God’s Names and Attributes ‎2.2. Ibn al-Murtaḍā’s Concept of God’s Names and Attributes ‎2.3. Conclusion ‎3. Harmonized Doctrine: God’s Will (irāda) ‎3.1. Ibn al-Wazīr’s Harmonization Regarding God’s Will ‎3.2. Ibn al-Murtaḍā’s Concept of God’s Will ‎3.3. Conclusion ‎4. Harmonized Doctrine: Human Actions (afʿāl al-ʿibād) and Free Will (ikhtiyār) ‎4.1. Ibn al-Wazīr’s Harmonization Regarding Human Actions and Free Will ‎4.2. Ibn al-Murtaḍā’s Concept of Human Actions ‎4.3. Conclusion ‎5. Conclusion ‎Chapter 5. The Structure of Legal Authority in Ibn al-Wazīr’s Thought ‎1. The Theory of Infallibilism and the Probability of Ijtihād ‎1.1. Ibn al-Wazīr’s Concept of Infallibilism and al-Ashbah ‎1.2. Ibn al-Murtaḍā’s Concept of Infallibilism and al-Ashbah ‎2. The Possibility of Ijtihād and the Existence of Mujtahids ‎2.1. Ibn al-Wazīr’s Position on the Existence of Ijtihād ‎2.2. Ibn al-Murtaḍā’s Concept of the Existence of Ijtihād ‎3. Taqlīd and Concepts of Following ‎3.1. Ibn al-Wazīr’s Concept of Taqlīd and Following ‎3.2. Ibn al-Murtaḍā’s Concept of Taqlīd and Following ‎4. The Requirements (shurūṭ) for Ijtihād ‎4.1. Ibn al-Wazīr’s and Ibn al-Murtaḍā’s Concepts of the Requirements for Ijtihād ‎5. Divisibility (tajazzuʾ) of Ijtihād and the Discerning Student (al-ṭālib al-mumayyiz) ‎5.1. Ibn al-Wazīr’s Position on the Divisibility of Ijtihād ‎5.2. Ibn al-Murtaḍā’s Position on the Divisibility of Ijtihād ‎6. Extrapolation of Principles (takhrīj) ‎6.1. Ibn al-Wazīr’s Concept of Takhrīj ‎6.2. Ibn al-Murtaḍā’s Concept of Takhrīj ‎7. The Muqallid’s Commitment to a Legal School (iltizām) ‎7.1. Ibn al-Wazīr’s Concept of Iltizām ‎7.2. Ibn al-Murtaḍā’s Concept of Iltizām ‎8. Conclusion ‎Chapter 6. Conclusion ‎Bibliography ‎Consulted Manuscripts ‎Consulted Edited Sources ‎Consulted Catalogues ‎Consulted Bio- and Bibliographical Reference Works ‎Consulted Secondary Literature ‎Index of Pre-modern Authors ‎Index of Geographical Names ‎Index of Pre-modern Books ‎Index of Quran Citations ‎Index of Arabic Terms