USMLE Step 2 CK Lecture Notes 2019: Obstetrics/Gynecology

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The only official Kaplan Lecture Notes for USMLE Step 2 CK cover the comprehensive information you need to ace the USMLE Step 2 and match into the residency of your choice. Up-to-date. Updated annually by Kaplan's all-star faculty. Highly illustrated. Includes color images and tables. Integrated. Packed with bridges between specialities and basic science. Learner-efficient. Organized in outline format with high-yield summary boxes. Trusted. Used by thousands of students each year to succeed on the USMLE Step 2. Title Page......Page 2 Copyright......Page 9 Editor......Page 10 Feedback Page......Page 12 Part I: Obstetrics......Page 13 Chapter 1: Reproductive Basics......Page 15 Placental Hormones......Page 17 Physiologic Changes in Pregnancy......Page 24 Physiology of Lactation......Page 35 Embryology and Fetology......Page 39 Perinatal Statistics and Terminology......Page 54 Genetic Disorders......Page 57 Chapter 2: Failed Pregnancy......Page 76 Induced Abortion......Page 78 Early Pregnancy Bleeding......Page 82 Fetal Demise......Page 86 Ectopic Pregnancy......Page 89 Chapter 3: Obstetric Procedures......Page 95 Obstetrical Ultrasound......Page 97 Invasive Procedures......Page 106 Prenatal Diagnostic Testing......Page 111 Chapter 4: Prenatal Management of the Normal Pregnancy......Page 112 Diagnosing Pregnancy......Page 114 Establishing Gestational Age......Page 115 Identifying Prenatal Risk Factors......Page 120 Normal Pregnancy Events......Page 121 Normal Pregnancy Complaints......Page 124 Safe and Unsafe Immunizations......Page 127 Chapter 5: Prenatal Laboratory Testing......Page 129 First Trimester Laboratory Tests......Page 131 Second Trimester Laboratory Tests......Page 140 Third-Trimester Laboratory Tests......Page 145 Chapter 6: Late Pregnancy Bleeding......Page 150 Late Pregnancy Bleeding......Page 152 Chapter 7: Perinatal Infections......Page 169 Nonsexually Transmitted......Page 172 Sexually Transmitted......Page 189 Chapter 8: Obstetric Complications......Page 204 Cervical Insufficiency......Page 206 Multiple Gestation......Page 209 Alloimmunization......Page 216 Preterm Labor......Page 222 Premature Rupture of Membranes......Page 235 Post-term Pregnancy......Page 240 Chapter 9: Hypertensive Complications......Page 245 Hypertension in Pregnancy......Page 247 Gestational Hypertension......Page 248 Preeclampsia......Page 250 Preeclampsia with Severe Features......Page 254 Eclampsia......Page 260 Chronic Hypertension with or without Superimposed Preeclampsia......Page 262 HELLP Syndrome......Page 268 Chapter 10: Medical Complications in Pregnancy......Page 270 Cardiac Disease......Page 273 Thyroid Disease......Page 280 Seizure Disorders......Page 287 Diabetes......Page 289 Anemia......Page 299 Liver Disease......Page 306 Urinary Tract Infections......Page 310 Thrombophilias......Page 317 Antiphospholipid Syndrome......Page 321 Chapter 11: Disproportionate Fetal Growth......Page 327 Intrauterine Growth Restriction......Page 330 Macrosomia......Page 336 Chapter 12: Antepartum Fetal Testing......Page 337 Overview......Page 340 Nonstress Test......Page 341 Amniotic Fluid Assessment......Page 343 Biophysical Profile (BPP)......Page 344 Contraction Stress Test......Page 347 Umbilical Artery Doppler......Page 349 Chapter 13: Fetal Orientation in Utero......Page 353 Orientation in Utero......Page 356 Chapter 14: Normal and Abnormal Labor......Page 365 Overview of Labor......Page 368 Stages of Labor......Page 370 Conduct of Normal Spontaneous Labor......Page 374 Abnormal Labor......Page 380 Obstetric Complications During Labor......Page 387 Chapter 15: Obstetric Anesthesia......Page 394 Physiology......Page 397 Anesthetic Options During Labor......Page 398 Chapter 16: Intrapartum Fetal Monitoring......Page 405 Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring......Page 408 Intrapartum Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring......Page 412 Intrauterine Resuscitation......Page 423 Fetal pH Assessment......Page 424 Category III: Abnormal Tracings......Page 425 Chapter 17: Operative Obstetrics......Page 427 Operative Obstetrics......Page 430 Vaginal Birth After Cesarean (VBAC)......Page 441 External Cephalic Version......Page 442 Chapter 18: Postpartum Issues......Page 443 Postpartum Physiologic Issues......Page 446 Postpartum Contraception and Immunizations......Page 454 Postpartum Hemorrhage......Page 456 Postpartum Fever......Page 463 Part II: Gynecology......Page 470 Chapter 1: Basic Principles of Gynecology......Page 472 Female Reproductive Anatomy......Page 474 Gynecologic Procedures......Page 478 Chapter 2: Pelvic Relaxation......Page 496 Pelvic Organ Prolapse......Page 498 Vaginal Prolapse......Page 500 Urinary Incontinence......Page 503 Chapter 3: Disorders of the Vagina and Vulva......Page 515 Vaginal Discharge......Page 517 Vulvar Diseases......Page 527 Chapter 4: Disorders of the Cervix and Uterus......Page 533 Cervical Lesions......Page 535 Cervical Neoplasia......Page 539 Müllerian Anomalies......Page 554 Enlarged Uterus......Page 560 Endometrial Neoplasia......Page 567 Chapter 5: Disorders of the Ovaries and Oviducts......Page 572 Physiologic Enlargement......Page 574 Prepubertal Pelvic Mass......Page 582 Premenopausal Pelvic Mass......Page 585 Painful Adnexal Mass......Page 589 Postmenopausal Pelvic Mass......Page 591 Chapter 6: Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia......Page 604 Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia......Page 606 Chapter 7: Sexually Transmitted Diseases......Page 613 Spectrum of Organisms......Page 615 STDs with Ulcers......Page 616 STDs without Ulcers......Page 622 Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)......Page 627 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)......Page 628 Chapter 8: Pelvic Pain......Page 629 Pelvic Inflammatory Disease......Page 631 Primary Dysmenorrhea......Page 642 Secondary Dysmenorrhea......Page 646 Chapter 9: Fertility Control......Page 652 Fertility Control......Page 654 Barrier-Spermicidal Methods......Page 655 Steroid Contraception......Page 657 Intrauterine Contraception......Page 664 Long-Acting Reversible Contraception......Page 667 Natural Family Planning—Periodic Abstinence......Page 668 Coitus Interruptus......Page 669 Vaginal Douche......Page 670 Lactation......Page 671 Sterilization......Page 672 Chapter 10: Human Sexuality......Page 674 Human Sexual Response Cycle......Page 677 Sexual History-Taking......Page 682 Sexual Dysfunction......Page 683 Sexual Assault......Page 684 Chapter 11: Menstrual Abnormalities......Page 686 Menstrual Physiology......Page 689 Premenarchal Vaginal Bleeding......Page 697 Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding......Page 699 Primary Amenorrhea......Page 706 Secondary Amenorrhea......Page 716 Chapter 12: Hormonal Disorders......Page 721 Precocious Puberty......Page 724 Premenstrual Disorders......Page 731 Hirsutism......Page 736 Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome......Page 746 Infertility......Page 749 Menopause......Page 755 Chapter 13: The Female Breast......Page 766 Normal Breast Development......Page 769 Benign Breast Disorders......Page 778 Breast Cancer......Page 787