ENGLISH

Conserved switch genes that arose via whole-genome duplication regulate a cannibalistic nematode morph

By Ralf J. Sommer , Sara Wighard , Hanh Witte

Book information

Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science
Year
2024
DOI
10.1126/sciadv.adk6062
Language
english
Format
PDF
Filesize
3 MB (3572580 bytes)
Series
Science Advances
Pages
\9
Scanned
no
Time added
2024-04-10 20:47:21

Description

Developmental plasticity facilitates morphological and behavioral novelty. Nematodes have emerged as a powerful model to study developmental plasticity and its evolution. Here, we show that the predatory nematode Allodiplogaster sudhausi evolved an additional third mouth morph, concomitant with whole-genome duplication (WGD) and a strong increase in body size. The three mouth morphs are induced by different diets: bacteria, fungi, and nematodes. CRISPR experiments indicate that regulation of the third morph involves co-option of a conserved developmental switch gene, which, through WGD, resulted in two mouth-form regulators. Gene dosage studies revealed a diverged role of these developmental switches, with functional redundancy and quantitative effects in the two mouth-form decisions, respectively. The third morph is cannibalistic and kills isogenic kin, whereas the other two morphs do not. Thus, a recently evolved new morph relies on preexisting regulatory mechanisms and adds behavioral and social complexity.

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