Estetica del disgusto. Mendelssohn, Kant e i limiti della rappresentazione

Description

Nella sua libertà, l'arte appare illimitata, eppure sempre più spesso l'estetica è chiamata a stabilire cosa sia legittimo rappresentare e quali siano gli effetti di una tale delimitazione. Nel tentativo di formulare una risposta a questo problema che si pone all'estetica, emerge la convinzione che i limiti dell'arte vadano definiti non in modo normativo stabilendo cosa si debba rappresentare e cosa vada escluso, ma indicandone le condizioni di possibilità. Il volume affronta il problema dei limiti della rappresentazione attraverso la ricostruzione storica di un nodo fondamentale per l'estetica classica: il dibattito settecentesco sul disgusto e il passaggio dall'estetica di Moses Mendelssohn a quella di Immanuel Kant. Viene così mostrato come la delimitazione della rappresentazione artistica si misuri con la definizione stessa dell'uomo e acquisisca un significato anche morale, dal momento che l'estetica, pur mantenendo la propria autonomia, è in grado di indicare alla morale le condizioni della sua applicazione sensibile. Il disgusto può perciò essere pensato non soltanto come ciò che deve essere escluso dalla rappresentazione artistica, ma anche come strumento empirico della morale, secondo la convinzione kantiana che «non si deve soltanto ripugnare il male, ma bisogna anche opporvisi». 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