The English East India Company's Silk Enterprise in Bengal, 1750-1850: Economy, Empire and Business

Description

This book examines the silk-processing activities of the English East India Company in Bengal and presents the Company as a manufacturer rather than a trading body or political agent. Silk was one of the first globally traded commodities; its luxury status and potential to create tax revenues and employ the poor gave it a strategic importance in many economies in Eurasia. The silk industry was also an important sector in Britain; yet, as raw silk could notbe produced domestically, the British government encouraged companies to source supplies from its colonies and the territories under its influence. Such projects proved to be challenging; the most successful was the English EastIndia Company's venture in Bengal, where the Company invested over 1 million into developing raw silk production to meet the demands of British weavers. A key component was the transfer of silk technologies from the West to the East - one of the first in this direction rather than vice versa. The outcome of this enterprise was influenced by the business and management capacities of the Company and by British and, eventually, imperial policies, with serious consequences for the Indian economy. The book ultimately presents a case of manufacturing failure, but one resulting from British imperial policies rather than colonial economies. KAROLINA HUTKOVÁ is an LSE Fellow in Economic History at the London School of Economics and Political Science. Table of Contents Introduction: Companies, Political Economy and the Great Divergence Early Modern Silk Industry, Trade and Mercantilism Empire, the English East India Company and Bengal Raw Silk Bengal, Piedmont and the English East India Company The Bengal Silk Industry and the English East India Company Filatures and Performance in the Bengal Silk Industry The Bengal Silk Industry and British Laissez-faire Policies Bengal Raw Silk and British Demand in the Nineteenth Century Conclusion Appendix A: Description of the Piedmontese Reeling Machine by Dionysius Lardner Appendix B: Average Prices of Bengal Raw Silk on the British Market according to the Type of the Silk, 1796-1856 Appendix C: Components of the EEIC's Business Model Appendix D: Returns to Investment Analysis Appendix E: Comparison of Manufacturing Costs at the EEIC's Experimental Filature and Common Filature in its Vicinity, 1832 Appendix F: Mechanisation of Silk Throwing in England, 1856 Appendix G: Types of Silkworks Reared in Bengal Silk Districts, 1818 Bibliography Index Frontcover Contents List of Illustrations Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations Measures and Currencies Introduction: Companies, Political Economy and the Great Divergence 1 The Early Modern Silk Industry, Trade and Mercantilism 2 Empire, the English East India Company, and Bengal Raw Silk 3 Bengal, Piedmont and the English East India Company 4 The Bengal Silk Industry and the English East India Company 5 Filatures and Performance in the Bengal Silk Industry 6 The Bengal Silk Industry and British Laissez-Faire Policies 7 Bengal Raw Silk and British Demand in the Nineteenth Century Conclusion Appendix A Description of the Piedmontese Reeling Machine by Dionysius Lardner Appendix B Average Prices of Bengal Raw Silk on the British Market According to the Type of the Silk, 1796–1856 Appendix C Return on Investment Analysis Appendix D Comparison of Manufacturing Costs at the EEIC’s Experimental Filature and Common Filature in its Vicinity, 1832 Appendix E Mechanisation of Silk Throwing and Weaving in England and Scotland, 1856 Appendix F Types of Silkworm Reared in Bengal Silk Districts, 1818 Appendix G Glossary Bibliography Index