A Free Book For Emergency Medicine Clerkship Students (iEmergency Medicine for Medical Students and Interns)

Description

Undergraduate Emergency Medicine Education (UEME) is an undervalued area in the development of Emergency Medicine around the globe. If you read the articles regarding Emergency Medicine clerkships or if you travel to different countries and discuss their undergraduate education with local leaders, you can easily recognize the gaps between countries. Today, there are few countries in the world that have appropriately designed UEME programs in their medical schools. The majority of the countries (even some developed ones) have no guidelines, curricula, or enough educational resources. In addition, there are limited resources (textbooks, websites) for medical students/interns which covers their educational needs based on current UEME recommendations. This book is a product of an international collaboration of emergency physicians and Emergency Medicine enthusiasts. It intends to show that we can produce a free book and resource if we work collaboratively. It is a product of endless hours of hard work of all Editors, authors, and contributors. We thank all of them for trusting us in this journey. This is just a start to build up better Emergency Medicine resources for medical students and interns, especially for developing countries. It is a continuous process, and there are a lot of areas that we need to improve in this book. Therefore, we are looking forward to your feedback and collaboration. We also believe that international UEME will reach the minimum required standards in all countries based on the endless collaboration of emergency medicine professionals. iEM Book Cover......Page 1 iEM Education Project - EM Clerkship iBook - Ed1-V1......Page 0 Title Page......Page 2 Copyright......Page 3 What is iEM?......Page 4 Preface......Page 5 Terms of Use......Page 6 Publishing Process......Page 8 Acknowledgement......Page 9 Editors......Page 10 Contributors......Page 11 Content......Page 13 Chapter 1 - The Facts of Emergency Medicine......Page 18 Emergency Medicine: A unique specialty......Page 19 Choosing the Emergency Medicine As A Career......Page 22 Thinking Like an Emergency Physician......Page 25 Chapter 2 - Emergency Medicine Clerkship: Things to Know......Page 30 The Importance of The Emergency Medicine Clerkship......Page 32 Medical Professionalism......Page 36 Communication and Interpersonal Interactions......Page 46 Data Gathering......Page 54 Diagnostic Testing In Emergency Medicine......Page 58 Creating Your Action Plan......Page 63 Documentation......Page 68 Discharge Communications......Page 73 Chapter 3 - General Approach to Emergency Patients......Page 80 The ABC Approach to the Critically Ill Patient......Page 81 Abdominal Pain......Page 98 Altered Mental Status......Page 112 Cardiac Arrest......Page 123 Chest Pain......Page 129 A Child With Fever......Page 143 Gastrointestinal Bleeding......Page 149 Headache......Page 156 Multiple Trauma......Page 163 Poisonings......Page 171 Respiratory Distress......Page 179 Shock......Page 188 Chapter 4 - Selected Cardiovascular Emergencies......Page 199 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)......Page 200 Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)......Page 207 Acute Heart Failure (AHF)......Page 216 Aortic Dissection......Page 224 Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)......Page 234 Hypertensive Emergencies......Page 241 Pulmonary Embolism......Page 248 Chapter 5 - Selected Endocrine, Electrolyte Emergencies......Page 259 Acid-Base Disturbance......Page 260 Hyperglycemia......Page 265 Hypernatremia......Page 274 Hyponatremia......Page 279 Hypoglycemia......Page 285 Thyroid Storm......Page 288 Chapter 6 - Selected Environmental Emergencies......Page 296 Burns......Page 297 Drowning......Page 306 Heat Illness......Page 311 Hyperthermia......Page 318 Acute Appendicitis......Page 325 Biliary Disease......Page 334 Massive Gastrointestinal Bleeding......Page 342 Acute Mesenteric Ischemia......Page 353 Perforated Viscus......Page 360 Ectopic Pregnancy......Page 367 Tubo-Ovarian Abscess......Page 376 Testicular Torsion......Page 381 Chapter 9 - Selected Neurological Emergencies......Page 385 Approach To Patient With Stroke......Page 386 Acute Ischemic Stroke......Page 394 Intracranial Hemorrhage......Page 402 Seizure......Page 408 Chapter 10 - Selected Pulmonary Emergencies......Page 416 Asthma......Page 417 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)......Page 425 Pneumonia......Page 431 Spontaneous Pneumothorax......Page 439 Chapter 11 - Selected Psychiatric Emergencies......Page 446 Acute Psychosis In The Emergency Department......Page 447 Stabilization and Management of the Acutely Agitated or Psychotic Patient......Page 453 Medical Clearance – Suicidal thought/ideation......Page 458 Chapter 12 - Selected Orthopaedic Problems......Page 467 Back Pain......Page 469 Lower Extremity Injuries......Page 477 Pelvic Injuries......Page 488 Spine Injuries......Page 499 Upper extremity injuries......Page 509 Epiglottitis......Page 523 Meningitis......Page 527 Sinusitis......Page 535 Sepsis......Page 544 Chapter 14 - Selected Toxicologic Problems......Page 551 Opioid Overdose......Page 553 Chapter 15 - Selected Eye Problems......Page 560 Eye Trauma......Page 562 The Red Eye......Page 571 Automated External Defibrillator (AED) Use......Page 584 Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Sampling......Page 587 Arthrocentesis......Page 594 Basics of Bleeding Control......Page 599 Cardiac Monitoring......Page 602 Gastric Lavage and Activated Charcoal Application......Page 610 Intravenous (IV) Line Access......Page 616 Intraosseous (IO) Line/Access......Page 620 Emergency Delivery......Page 624 Pericardiocentesis......Page 632 Lumbar Puncture......Page 643 Nasogastric Tube Placement......Page 650 Procedural Sedation and Analgesia......Page 657 Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI)......Page 664 Reduction of Common Fractures and Dislocations......Page 671 Splinting and Casting......Page 680 Urinary Catheter Placement......Page 690 Chapter 17 - Selected Diagnostic Tests......Page 696 Arterial and Venous Blood Gas Analysis......Page 698 Cerebrospinal fluid analysis......Page 705 Urine Analysis......Page 708 Whole blood cell count – CBC......Page 713 Chapter 18 - Selected Imaging Modalities......Page 717 eFAST......Page 719 PoCUS – RUSH Protocol......Page 733 BLUE protocol......Page 742 How to Read C-Spine X-Ray......Page 751 How to read chest x-rays......Page 759 How to read head CT......Page 765 How to read pelvic x-rays......Page 777 Chapter 19 - Selected Emergency Drugs......Page 783 Antidotes......Page 785 Drugs for Pain Relief......Page 794 Paralysing Agents......Page 807 Chapter 20 - Selected ClinicalRules, Scores, Mnemonics......Page 809 Clinical Decision Rules......Page 811 Mnemonics......Page 829 Classifications and Scores......Page 839