Eastern Wines on Western Tables: Consumption, Trade and Economy in Ancient Italy
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Eastern Wines on Western Tables: Consumption, Trade and Economy in Ancient Italy is an interdisciplinary and multifaceted study concerning wine commerce and the Roman economy during Classical antiquity. Wine was one of the main consumption goods in the Mediterranean during antiquity, and the average Roman adult male probably consumed between 0,5 - 1 litre of it per day. It is therefore clear that the production and trading of wine was essential for the Roman economy. This book demonstrates that wines from the Eastern Mediterranean and the Aegean region in particular, played a crucial part in wine commerce. Moreover, it sheds new light on economic dilemmas that have long puzzled scholars, such as growth and market integration during antiquity. Contents Acknowledgements Figures and Tables In Search of Lost Wines: Perspectives and Limits 1. History of Investigations 2. Sources and Methodology 3. Pros and Cons of an Interdisciplinary Approach 4. Synopsis Chapter 1. Vinum contra temetum: the Role of Wines from the Eastern Mediterranean in the Origins of Viticulture and Winemaking in Italy 1. From vitis sylvestris to vitis domestica 2. Wine: A Local Invention or a Foreign Influence? 3. The Beginnings of the Consumption of Wines from the Eastern Mediterranean 4. The Economic Transformation of Italy during the 5th and 4th c. BC 5. Eastern Wines in Italy: Types and Chronology 6. Conclusions Chapter 2. De gustibus disputandum est—‘Fame’ or Ordinary Wines? 1. In Search of Lost Tastes—Wines in Classical Antiquity 2. Republican Wines of Some Repute 3. Imperial Common Imports 4. Epigraphic Enigmas 5. Conclusions Chapter 3. Mass or Limited? Wine Importations to Italy during the Early Imperial Age 1. Roma—the Eternal City 2. Campania felix 3. Portus and Its Neighbourhood 4. Adriatic Italy 5. ORBIS Transport Costs and Wine Importations 6. Conclusions Chapter 4. Aristocratic Luxuries or Mass Beverages? 1. Luxuries for the Elite 2. Wines for Common People 3. Conclusions Chapter 5. Petty Traders or Wealthy Wholesalers? Who Imported Wines to Italy? 1. Free Romans and Local Elites 2. Italian Freedmen 3. Free Greeks, Slaves and Greeks with Roman Citizenship 4. Incerti 5. Conclusions Chapter 6. Twilight or Bloom? Eastern Mediterranean Wines in Italy during Late Antiquity 1. Amphoras or Barrels? 2. Late Roman Wines in the Urbs 3. Late Roman Wines in Adriatic Italy 4. ORBIS Transport Costs and Wine Importations 5. Conclusions Conclusions. The Economics of the Wine Trade Appendix 1. Catalogue of Greek and Latin Texts That Mention Wines from the Eastern Mediterranean Appendix 2. List of Authors That Mention Eastern Mediterranean Wines Quoted by Athenaeus Appendix 3. Catalogue of Amphoras Classified as Wine Containers Discovered in Italy between the 1st c. BC and Late Antiquity Bibliography Index of Ancient Sources Index of Names and Subjects
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