The Biological Bases of Economic Behaviour: A Concise Introduction

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Human genetics has changed little over the past 20,000 years, but human economic behaviour has changed a lot. These changes are probably due to human cultural evolution. But studies of human hunter-gatherers, and of a variety of other animal species, show that their micro-economic behaviour is much the same. Whereas the standard economic analysis focuses on money, the biological approach brings time and energy into the analysis. Moreover, humans and other animals tested under laboratory conditions do not exhibit the complexity of the results of field studies. In other words, results obtained in the real world are not the same as those obtained in the laboratory.   The Biological Bases of Economic Behaviour invites readers to approach micro-economics from a biological viewpoint, in a clear and introductory manner Content: Contents List Of Figures Preface Glossary PART I: THE EVOLUTION OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOUR 1.1 Evolution By Natural Selection 1.1.1 Life History Strategy 1.1.2 Kith And Kin 1.1.3 Reciprocal Altruism 1.1.4 Cultural Evolution 1.1.5 Tool Use And Intelligence 1.2 Human Evolution 1.2.1 Recent Genetic Changes 1.2.2 Human Cultural Evolution 1.2.3 The Neolythic Revolution Points To Remember Further Reading Essential Reading PART II: THE ECONOMIC BEHAVIOUR OF THE INDIVIDUAL 2.1 A Biological Approach 2.1.1 The Animal As An Economic Consumer 2,1,2 The Supermarket Analogy 2.1.3 Time And Energy Budgets In Animals 2.2 Animal And Human Economics 2.2.1 Problems With Microeconomics 2.2.2 Specific Hungers Points To Remember Further Reading Essential Reading PART III: BEHAVIOURAL ECONOMICS 3.1 The Experimental Situation 3.1.1 The Sterile Environment 3.1.2 The Captive Animal 3.2 The Real World 3.2.1 Animals In The Real World 3.2.2 Humans In The Real World 3.2.3 Hoarding And Caching 3.3 The Rationality Muddle 3.3.1 Rational Choice Theory 3.3.2 Biological Rationality Points To Remember Further Reading Essential Reading PART IV: THE BIOLOGICAL BASES OF DECISION MAKING 4.1 Decisions 4.1.1 Recapitulation 4.1.2 The Biological View 4.1.3 Functionional Aspects Of Decision Making 4.1.4 Trade-Off 4.2 'Voluntary' Decisions 4.2.1 Introspection 4.2.2 The Teleological Imperative 4.2.3 Whither Homo Economicus? Points To Remember Further Reading Essential Reading Glossary Endnotes